The Ancient Etruscans
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This presentation is done by Jennifer V. Luis as one of her projects on ITALIAN REGIONS in her Italian 10 class (AY 2013-2014) at the University of the Philippines under Prof. Emanuela Adesini.
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Chapter 6 - The Etruscans
The document discusses the Etruscan civilization of ancient Italy. It examines the origins, geography, art, architecture, and funerary practices of the Etruscans. Key points include that the Etruscans inhabited central Italy north of Rome, their origins are unknown but they were influenced by eastern Mediterranean cultures, and they are known for elaborate tombs decorated with wall paintings that depict daily life and the afterlife.
Chapter 6
The document discusses the art and culture of the Etruscans in Italy before the rise of Rome. It examines their origins, geographical locations, and art including architecture, sculpture, and funerary art. Some key aspects discussed include that Etruscan temple architecture differed from Greek temples in materials and placement of statuary. Etruscan tombs and sarcophagi provide insight into their funerary customs and beliefs. Their wall paintings depicted scenes of daily life and revealed social practices. Etruscan art was influenced over time by the Greeks and Romans through contact and eventual conquest.
Chapter 5 - Ancient Greece
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek art and architecture from the Geometric period through the Early Classical period. It discusses the development of representations of the human form in sculpture and vase painting over time. Key periods mentioned include the Geometric, Orientalizing, Archaic, and Classical periods. Significant works discussed include the Kritios Boy from the Acropolis and sculptures from temples such as the Temple of Zeus at Olympia and the Temple of Aphaia on Aegina. The document also outlines the emergence of architectural styles such as the Doric and Ionic orders and provides examples of major Greek temples.
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This document provides an overview of Paleolithic and Neolithic art in Europe and Africa. It discusses the earliest sculpted forms from the Paleolithic period, including figurines of women, and examines materials and techniques used in cave paintings. Neolithic art is also summarized, noting how environmental and lifestyle changes resulted in new forms of artistic expression like narrative painting and monumental architecture, seen in structures like Newgrange and Stonehenge. Discussion questions at the end explore definitions of art and how human figures were depicted differently between periods.
Chapter 4 - The Prehistoric Aegean
This document discusses the prehistoric Aegean cultures of the Cycladic, Minoan, and Mycenaean civilizations. It describes Cycladic marble figurines from 2500-2300 BCE. It then covers Minoan culture on Crete, including the elaborate palace at Knossos and vibrant frescoes depicting scenes like bull leaping. Minoan pottery evolved over time, from early Kamares ware to later Marine Style jars. The document next examines Mycenaean culture, including fortified citadels and palaces with features like the Lion Gate. Mycenaean artifacts include gold masks and an inlaid dagger from tombs at Mycenae. The document compares artistic
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This document provides an overview of ancient Near Eastern art and architecture from Sumerian through Persian periods. It discusses the development of Sumerian civilization and art, including the first city-states and systems of writing. Subsequent empires like Akkadia, Babylon, Assyria, and Persia adopted and expanded on these cultural and artistic traditions. The art highlighted serves religious, political, and commemorative purposes, celebrating rulers and asserting their power through monumental architecture, sculpture, and relief programs. Stylistic traditions established in early Sumer persisted and evolved through later Near Eastern civilizations, demonstrating the cultural interconnections and lasting influences across the region.
The etruscans and the roman empire
The Etruscans inhabited central Italy between the Arno and Tiber rivers from the 7th century to 89 BCE. They emerged as a distinct culture with wealthy city-states and were originally influenced by Mesopotamian and Greek art. Over time, Etruscan art became more Greek in style as they traded extensively with Greece. Etruscan rule over Rome ended in the 5th century BCE and their culture was gradually assimilated into the growing Roman Republic and Empire. Roman art was initially inspired by Greek styles but developed its own forms like veristic portraiture and architecture using concrete, which spread across Europe and the Mediterranean as the Empire expanded over centuries.
Greek and romans etruscans
The Etruscans were an ancient civilization that inhabited central Italy from around 800 BC to 400 BC. They greatly influenced early Roman culture and civilization. The Etruscans originated in Asia Minor and were the first civilized people to settle in Italy. They introduced advanced technologies like arches, sewers and hydraulic engineering to the region. The Etruscans also contributed significantly to art, architecture, religion and trade in Italy. Though the Romans eventually conquered the Etruscans, they adopted many aspects of Etruscan culture and credited them with founding the city of Rome.
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Chapter 6 - The Etruscans
The document discusses the Etruscan civilization of ancient Italy. It examines the origins, geography, art, architecture, and funerary practices of the Etruscans. Key points include that the Etruscans inhabited central Italy north of Rome, their origins are unknown but they were influenced by eastern Mediterranean cultures, and they are known for elaborate tombs decorated with wall paintings that depict daily life and the afterlife.
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The document discusses the art and culture of the Etruscans in Italy before the rise of Rome. It examines their origins, geographical locations, and art including architecture, sculpture, and funerary art. Some key aspects discussed include that Etruscan temple architecture differed from Greek temples in materials and placement of statuary. Etruscan tombs and sarcophagi provide insight into their funerary customs and beliefs. Their wall paintings depicted scenes of daily life and revealed social practices. Etruscan art was influenced over time by the Greeks and Romans through contact and eventual conquest.
Chapter 5 - Ancient Greece
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek art and architecture from the Geometric period through the Early Classical period. It discusses the development of representations of the human form in sculpture and vase painting over time. Key periods mentioned include the Geometric, Orientalizing, Archaic, and Classical periods. Significant works discussed include the Kritios Boy from the Acropolis and sculptures from temples such as the Temple of Zeus at Olympia and the Temple of Aphaia on Aegina. The document also outlines the emergence of architectural styles such as the Doric and Ionic orders and provides examples of major Greek temples.
Chapter 1 - Art Before History
This document provides an overview of Paleolithic and Neolithic art in Europe and Africa. It discusses the earliest sculpted forms from the Paleolithic period, including figurines of women, and examines materials and techniques used in cave paintings. Neolithic art is also summarized, noting how environmental and lifestyle changes resulted in new forms of artistic expression like narrative painting and monumental architecture, seen in structures like Newgrange and Stonehenge. Discussion questions at the end explore definitions of art and how human figures were depicted differently between periods.
Chapter 4 - The Prehistoric Aegean
This document discusses the prehistoric Aegean cultures of the Cycladic, Minoan, and Mycenaean civilizations. It describes Cycladic marble figurines from 2500-2300 BCE. It then covers Minoan culture on Crete, including the elaborate palace at Knossos and vibrant frescoes depicting scenes like bull leaping. Minoan pottery evolved over time, from early Kamares ware to later Marine Style jars. The document next examines Mycenaean culture, including fortified citadels and palaces with features like the Lion Gate. Mycenaean artifacts include gold masks and an inlaid dagger from tombs at Mycenae. The document compares artistic
Chapter 2 - Mesopotamia and Persia
This document provides an overview of ancient Near Eastern art and architecture from Sumerian through Persian periods. It discusses the development of Sumerian civilization and art, including the first city-states and systems of writing. Subsequent empires like Akkadia, Babylon, Assyria, and Persia adopted and expanded on these cultural and artistic traditions. The art highlighted serves religious, political, and commemorative purposes, celebrating rulers and asserting their power through monumental architecture, sculpture, and relief programs. Stylistic traditions established in early Sumer persisted and evolved through later Near Eastern civilizations, demonstrating the cultural interconnections and lasting influences across the region.
The etruscans and the roman empire
The Etruscans inhabited central Italy between the Arno and Tiber rivers from the 7th century to 89 BCE. They emerged as a distinct culture with wealthy city-states and were originally influenced by Mesopotamian and Greek art. Over time, Etruscan art became more Greek in style as they traded extensively with Greece. Etruscan rule over Rome ended in the 5th century BCE and their culture was gradually assimilated into the growing Roman Republic and Empire. Roman art was initially inspired by Greek styles but developed its own forms like veristic portraiture and architecture using concrete, which spread across Europe and the Mediterranean as the Empire expanded over centuries.
Greek and romans etruscans
The Etruscans were an ancient civilization that inhabited central Italy from around 800 BC to 400 BC. They greatly influenced early Roman culture and civilization. The Etruscans originated in Asia Minor and were the first civilized people to settle in Italy. They introduced advanced technologies like arches, sewers and hydraulic engineering to the region. The Etruscans also contributed significantly to art, architecture, religion and trade in Italy. Though the Romans eventually conquered the Etruscans, they adopted many aspects of Etruscan culture and credited them with founding the city of Rome.
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This document provides an overview of Islamic art and architecture. It outlines the goals of understanding the origins of Islam and how it is manifested in art and architecture. It examines early Islamic architecture derived from Muslim beliefs and traditions. Key architectural structures are discussed like the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and Great Mosque in Damascus. The document also covers the development of architectural elements in mosques, madrasas and mausoleums across the Islamic world. Luxury arts like calligraphy, tilework, mosaic and carpet weaving are explored as expressions of Islamic ideas.
6. etruscan
This document provides information on the Etruscan civilization including their origins, culture, art, and decline. It notes that the Etruscans called themselves Rasenna and discusses their expansion in Italy due to mining. Key aspects of Etruscan culture discussed include living in hilltop settlements, influence on early Rome including rituals, theocratic city-states ruled by families similar to the Roman gens, and advanced status of women. The document outlines the timeline of the Etruscan civilization and notes they excelled at portraiture. Examples of Etruscan artworks described include the Veii Apollo statue and the Tomb of the Leopards wall paintings.
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The document summarizes Etruscan art and culture from 1000-100 BCE in Italy. The Etruscans occupied Tuscany between Florence and Rome, living in independent city-states. They excelled at metalworking and introduced urban planning concepts to the Romans. Etruscan tombs and sarcophagi provide insight into their beliefs about the afterlife, often depicting the deceased at banquets. Their art was influenced by Greece but had distinct styles like the use of terracotta sculpture. By the 1st century BCE, Roman domination caused a decline in Etruscan civilization and artistic production.
ARTID111 Etruscan Art
The document provides an overview of Etruscan art and civilization from 1000 BCE to 100 BCE. It discusses the Etruscan cities and origins, as well as art from different periods. Key points include:
1) The Etruscans flourished in modern Tuscany, Italy for around 900 years and greatly influenced Roman art and architecture.
2) Early Etruscan art was influenced by Greek styles and featured luxurious objects incorporating Eastern motifs made from local minerals.
3) Temple architecture consisted of wood structures on stone platforms decorated with terracotta statues. Rock cut tombs resembled houses and were decorated with paintings.
4) Late Etruscan art
Chapter 4
This document provides an overview of Prehistoric Aegean art, including Cycladic sculptures from 2500-2300 BCE which depicted stylized female and male figures. It also discusses Minoan culture on Crete from 1700-1400 BCE, noting their advanced palace architecture at sites like Knossos with frescoes depicting bull leaping. Minoan pottery styles like Kamares Ware featured naturalistic imagery. The document also describes Mycenaean culture from 1400-1200 BCE, noting their fortified palaces at sites like Mycenae and Tiryns showed Minoan influence mixed with mainland styles like the Lion Gate entrance.
Chapter1
1) The document summarizes the origins and development of art from the Paleolithic period through the Neolithic period in Western Europe, Africa, and the Near East.
2) During the Paleolithic period, art primarily consisted of sculptures and cave paintings depicting animals and stylized human figures. Materials included ivory, stone, and pigments.
3) In the Neolithic period, changes to lifestyle and environment due to agriculture led to new materials, narratives, architecture, and larger constructions like megaliths as artistic forms developed.
Chapter 9
The document provides an overview of Byzantine art from the early period through the late period, covering major architectural works like Hagia Sophia and San Vitale as well as mosaics, icons, and other art forms. It examines the cultural influences of Roman, Christian, and eastern traditions on Byzantine art and highlights characteristics of each period such as the golden age under Justinian, the triumph of iconophiles in the middle period, and western influences like those seen at St. Mark's in Venice. Major artistic works are discussed in relation to the expression of spiritual ideas and hieratic formality in Byzantine art over time.
Chapter 3 - Egypt Under the Pharohs
The document provides an overview of Egyptian art under the pharaohs, with goals of understanding the evolution of Egyptian culture and key characteristics of its art forms. It covers developments from the Predynastic period through the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. Key points discussed include the rise of pyramid tombs in the Old Kingdom, the shift to rock-cut tombs in the Middle Kingdom, and grand mortuary temples constructed in the New Kingdom, such as those built by Hatshepsut and Ramesses II. Sculptural styles are analyzed, ranging from stylized figures to more realistic portraits.
Egyptian Art and Style & Greek Art and Style
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Chapter 8 - Late Antiquity
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The Ancient Greek Art
THE ANCIENT GREEK ART
THE ANCIENT GREEK ART
Most influential cultures in the world.
Rich collection of myth, music, drama, and art.
Greek art started 3000 years ago.
GOLDEN AGES
ARCHAIC PERIOD
= EGYPTIAN INFLUENCE ART
CLASSICAL PERIOD
= IDEALISTIC ART, FULL PERFECTION BOTH SCULPTURE AND ARCHITECTURE.
THE HELLENIC ART
= TIME WHEN ARCHITECTURE
DECLINE
Five forms where Ancient Greek Arts Excelled
POTTERY
POTTERY
Primary for pottery.
Declaration became more figurative ( animals, human figures, and zoomorphs ).
Pottery was introduced by the corinthians.
ARCHITECTURE
DORIC COLUMN
Sturdy and plain.
Used in mainland Greece.
Temple of Hera
SCULPTURE
Influence by Egyptians and Syrians techniques.
Figures sculpted were mainly “Kouros and Kore”
PAINTING
Temples, buildings and tombs are decorated with fresco.
Fresco is a technique that we use of egg and wet plaster.
Tempera= mixture of egg, paint and water.
THE CLASSICAL PERIOD
POTTERY
Established Athens as the strongest city – state.
Popularity of ceramic and vases declined both in quality and artistic merit.
Used white-ground technique.
ARCHITECTURE
Doric and Ionic Columns remained during classical period.
Doric is described as more formal.
Ionic is more decorative and relaxed.
SCULPTURE
Anatomy became more accurate.
Statues became more realistic (human).
Bronze became the main medium.
Contrapposto was introduced.
FAMOUS SCULPTORS
MYRON Discus Thrower
Greatest sculptor of his time.
First to achieve life-like representation in figurative sculpture.
Gods, heroes and Athletes.
POLYKLEITOS Doryphorus
Sometimes called Elder.
Greatest sculptors of Classical Antiquity.
Known for his bronze sculptures.
CALLIMACHUS Muses
Poet, Critic and Scholar at the Library of Alexandria=largest library in ancient world.
Muses the nine goddesses of art.
HELLENISTIC PERIOD
HELLENISTIC PERIOD
Secular patrons influence sculpture and mosaic.
Wide range of pottery was produced.
But not given much importance.
SCULPTURE
CHARACTERISTICS
Naturalism was continually used.
Animals and ordinary people were accepted as major subject.
Although production of sculptures was increased, workmanship and creativity greatly suffered.
Greater expression characterized the sculptures of this period.
Colossus of Rhodes
The Three Graces
Borghese Gladiator
Venus De Milo
ARCHITECTURE
Temple of immense size
Theaters of similarly colossal
Storied colonel (stoa)
Public monument
Monumental tomb (mausoleum)
Council building (bouleuterion)
Processional gateway (propylon)
Stadium
Public square
Chapter2
1. The document provides an overview of art from the Ancient Near East, beginning with Sumerian civilization and continuing through Persian and Sasanian periods. It examines the development of cities, writing, and organized religion in Sumer and how this influenced art and architecture.
2. Mesopotamian art is then discussed, highlighting styles, materials, and subject matter in sculptures, seals, and reliefs depicting religion and mythology. The roles of later Akkadian, Neo-Sumerian, Babylonian, Hittite, and Assyrian cultures are also evaluated.
3. The document concludes by exploring Persian and Sasanian art, including ruins at Persepolis and rock
The Etruscans 2015 16, CCA Mrs. Hill
The Etruscans flourished in central Italy from the 9th to 2nd centuries BC. They decorated their tombs with vibrant frescoes depicting everyday life, mythology, and funerals to provide for the afterlife. As the Etruscan civilization declined and Rome expanded, Etruscan art became more somber and reflective of their diminishing power and influence in the region.
Chapter 9 - Byzantium
This document provides an overview of Byzantine art from the early to late periods. It summarizes key characteristics of architecture like Hagia Sophia, mosaics featuring religious figures, and icons. Luxury materials like gold and ivory were used to portray solemnity. Middle Byzantine art rejected western influence after iconoclasm. Late Byzantine art showed western Crusader effects and a conventional spiritual world view. Russian icons aimed to depict spiritual concepts through stylistic conventions. Overall it examines the cultural mix of influences in Byzantine art and how it expressed spiritual ideas through distinctive styles and materials.
Chapter 4: The Prehistoric Aegean
This document provides an overview of prehistoric Aegean civilization through images and descriptions of archaeological finds from important sites like Knossos, Mycenae, Syros, and Palaikastro. Key periods and locations discussed include the Cycladic period in the Aegean islands from 2500-2300 BCE, the Minoan civilization centered at Knossos on Crete from 1700-1400 BCE, and the Mycenaean civilization on the Greek mainland from 1600-1100 BCE. Important artifacts presented include figurines, frescoes, pottery, architecture, and funerary objects that demonstrate the advanced cultures that developed in the prehistoric Aegean.
Ancient Greek Art: An Introduction
Ancient Greece has a certain familiar presence in modern times, from the Trojan War and Odysseus to the commanding presence of the Parthenon. Art has an important role in keeping the ancient culture alive and well no matter the passage of time. Here’s a quick introduction to ancient Greek art, which still delights and keeps art enthusiasts and collectors in awe.
The Etruscans
The document summarizes what is known about the ancient Etruscan people, including that their origins are unclear but they likely came from Asia Minor, they had a significant influence on early Roman culture and architecture, and they lived in city-states governed by oligarchic republics that emphasized wealth, monogamous families, and women's prominent roles in society.
Late antiquity upload
Late Antiquity saw the rise of Christianity in the Roman Empire from the 3rd to 6th centuries CE. Key figures like Constantine and Theodosius established Christianity as the official religion, replacing traditional paganism. Art from this period shows syncretism by adapting pagan imagery for Christian and Jewish narratives. Major monuments incorporated spolia, or recycled materials, from older structures. Church architecture evolved from the basilica plan to centralized designs like Santa Costanza in Rome.
Rome Intro - Etruscans
The document provides background information on the rise of ancient Rome. It describes geographic factors that contributed to Rome's growth as a trade center located in the central Mediterranean. It then discusses Rome's origins as a city founded by Romulus in 753 BCE and ruled by Etruscan kings. The Etruscans conquered Rome around 600 BCE and had significant influence on early Roman culture, contributing artistic styles, religious practices, and technologies like the alphabet, arch, and drainage systems. Their rule ended with a rebellion in 509 BCE, paving the way for Rome to become a republic.
Etruscan Art
The document summarizes Etruscan art from 10th century BCE to 270 BCE. It describes how Etruscans built elaborate tombs resembling houses to bury family members together. Etruscan architecture was influenced by Greek styles, using columns and pediments in wood and terra cotta temples. Their sculptures emphasized movement and expression over archaic Greek rigidity. Etruscans excelled in bronze and terra cotta works, like the Chimera of Arezzo and the Apollo from Veii statue. Etruscan tomb paintings featured lively celebrations of the deceased.
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Sacred spaces are designed and used for religious purposes. Common themes of sacred spaces include celebrations, pilgrimages, harmony with nature, and symbols. Many prehistoric and ancient sacred sites oriented structures based on astronomy and sunlight, such as Stonehenge and temples at Teotihuacan. Polytheistic temples like the Parthenon and Great Stupa at Sanchi included processions and circumambulation. Monotheistic structures tended toward grand cathedrals like Chartres, with rose windows, vaults, and sculpture. Mosques such as the Great Mosque of Isfahan featured iwans and mihrabs. Multiple religions sometimes share sites such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and H
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This document provides an overview of Islamic art and architecture. It outlines the goals of understanding the origins of Islam and how it is manifested in art and architecture. It examines early Islamic architecture derived from Muslim beliefs and traditions. Key architectural structures are discussed like the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and Great Mosque in Damascus. The document also covers the development of architectural elements in mosques, madrasas and mausoleums across the Islamic world. Luxury arts like calligraphy, tilework, mosaic and carpet weaving are explored as expressions of Islamic ideas.
6. etruscan
This document provides information on the Etruscan civilization including their origins, culture, art, and decline. It notes that the Etruscans called themselves Rasenna and discusses their expansion in Italy due to mining. Key aspects of Etruscan culture discussed include living in hilltop settlements, influence on early Rome including rituals, theocratic city-states ruled by families similar to the Roman gens, and advanced status of women. The document outlines the timeline of the Etruscan civilization and notes they excelled at portraiture. Examples of Etruscan artworks described include the Veii Apollo statue and the Tomb of the Leopards wall paintings.
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The document summarizes Etruscan art and culture from 1000-100 BCE in Italy. The Etruscans occupied Tuscany between Florence and Rome, living in independent city-states. They excelled at metalworking and introduced urban planning concepts to the Romans. Etruscan tombs and sarcophagi provide insight into their beliefs about the afterlife, often depicting the deceased at banquets. Their art was influenced by Greece but had distinct styles like the use of terracotta sculpture. By the 1st century BCE, Roman domination caused a decline in Etruscan civilization and artistic production.
ARTID111 Etruscan Art
The document provides an overview of Etruscan art and civilization from 1000 BCE to 100 BCE. It discusses the Etruscan cities and origins, as well as art from different periods. Key points include:
1) The Etruscans flourished in modern Tuscany, Italy for around 900 years and greatly influenced Roman art and architecture.
2) Early Etruscan art was influenced by Greek styles and featured luxurious objects incorporating Eastern motifs made from local minerals.
3) Temple architecture consisted of wood structures on stone platforms decorated with terracotta statues. Rock cut tombs resembled houses and were decorated with paintings.
4) Late Etruscan art
Chapter 4
This document provides an overview of Prehistoric Aegean art, including Cycladic sculptures from 2500-2300 BCE which depicted stylized female and male figures. It also discusses Minoan culture on Crete from 1700-1400 BCE, noting their advanced palace architecture at sites like Knossos with frescoes depicting bull leaping. Minoan pottery styles like Kamares Ware featured naturalistic imagery. The document also describes Mycenaean culture from 1400-1200 BCE, noting their fortified palaces at sites like Mycenae and Tiryns showed Minoan influence mixed with mainland styles like the Lion Gate entrance.
Chapter1
1) The document summarizes the origins and development of art from the Paleolithic period through the Neolithic period in Western Europe, Africa, and the Near East.
2) During the Paleolithic period, art primarily consisted of sculptures and cave paintings depicting animals and stylized human figures. Materials included ivory, stone, and pigments.
3) In the Neolithic period, changes to lifestyle and environment due to agriculture led to new materials, narratives, architecture, and larger constructions like megaliths as artistic forms developed.
Chapter 9
The document provides an overview of Byzantine art from the early period through the late period, covering major architectural works like Hagia Sophia and San Vitale as well as mosaics, icons, and other art forms. It examines the cultural influences of Roman, Christian, and eastern traditions on Byzantine art and highlights characteristics of each period such as the golden age under Justinian, the triumph of iconophiles in the middle period, and western influences like those seen at St. Mark's in Venice. Major artistic works are discussed in relation to the expression of spiritual ideas and hieratic formality in Byzantine art over time.
Chapter 3 - Egypt Under the Pharohs
The document provides an overview of Egyptian art under the pharaohs, with goals of understanding the evolution of Egyptian culture and key characteristics of its art forms. It covers developments from the Predynastic period through the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. Key points discussed include the rise of pyramid tombs in the Old Kingdom, the shift to rock-cut tombs in the Middle Kingdom, and grand mortuary temples constructed in the New Kingdom, such as those built by Hatshepsut and Ramesses II. Sculptural styles are analyzed, ranging from stylized figures to more realistic portraits.
Egyptian Art and Style & Greek Art and Style
Egyptian art was an integral part of everyday life, with paintings and sculptures depicting religious beliefs, rituals, and customs. Their architecture used rectangular forms and vertical columns with horizontal beams. Houses were made of perishable materials, while pyramids were an early architectural form built for religious purposes. Paintings and sculptures represented daily life and mythology, with figures typically drawn facing front or in profile. Sculptures of deities and humans with animal heads were common.
Chapter 8 - Late Antiquity
The document provides an overview of art in Late Antiquity and Early Christianity between the 3rd and 6th centuries CE. It discusses how Roman art incorporated Christian influences after Constantine, including new images of Christ. Early Christian art was found in catacombs, sarcophagi, and churches using frescoes, mosaics, and illuminated manuscripts. Important sites discussed include the Dura Europos synagogue, Old St. Peter's in Rome, and churches in Ravenna featuring biblical mosaics that combined classical and Christian elements. The document examines changes in artistic media and styles during this transitional period.
The Ancient Greek Art
THE ANCIENT GREEK ART
THE ANCIENT GREEK ART
Most influential cultures in the world.
Rich collection of myth, music, drama, and art.
Greek art started 3000 years ago.
GOLDEN AGES
ARCHAIC PERIOD
= EGYPTIAN INFLUENCE ART
CLASSICAL PERIOD
= IDEALISTIC ART, FULL PERFECTION BOTH SCULPTURE AND ARCHITECTURE.
THE HELLENIC ART
= TIME WHEN ARCHITECTURE
DECLINE
Five forms where Ancient Greek Arts Excelled
POTTERY
POTTERY
Primary for pottery.
Declaration became more figurative ( animals, human figures, and zoomorphs ).
Pottery was introduced by the corinthians.
ARCHITECTURE
DORIC COLUMN
Sturdy and plain.
Used in mainland Greece.
Temple of Hera
SCULPTURE
Influence by Egyptians and Syrians techniques.
Figures sculpted were mainly “Kouros and Kore”
PAINTING
Temples, buildings and tombs are decorated with fresco.
Fresco is a technique that we use of egg and wet plaster.
Tempera= mixture of egg, paint and water.
THE CLASSICAL PERIOD
POTTERY
Established Athens as the strongest city – state.
Popularity of ceramic and vases declined both in quality and artistic merit.
Used white-ground technique.
ARCHITECTURE
Doric and Ionic Columns remained during classical period.
Doric is described as more formal.
Ionic is more decorative and relaxed.
SCULPTURE
Anatomy became more accurate.
Statues became more realistic (human).
Bronze became the main medium.
Contrapposto was introduced.
FAMOUS SCULPTORS
MYRON Discus Thrower
Greatest sculptor of his time.
First to achieve life-like representation in figurative sculpture.
Gods, heroes and Athletes.
POLYKLEITOS Doryphorus
Sometimes called Elder.
Greatest sculptors of Classical Antiquity.
Known for his bronze sculptures.
CALLIMACHUS Muses
Poet, Critic and Scholar at the Library of Alexandria=largest library in ancient world.
Muses the nine goddesses of art.
HELLENISTIC PERIOD
HELLENISTIC PERIOD
Secular patrons influence sculpture and mosaic.
Wide range of pottery was produced.
But not given much importance.
SCULPTURE
CHARACTERISTICS
Naturalism was continually used.
Animals and ordinary people were accepted as major subject.
Although production of sculptures was increased, workmanship and creativity greatly suffered.
Greater expression characterized the sculptures of this period.
Colossus of Rhodes
The Three Graces
Borghese Gladiator
Venus De Milo
ARCHITECTURE
Temple of immense size
Theaters of similarly colossal
Storied colonel (stoa)
Public monument
Monumental tomb (mausoleum)
Council building (bouleuterion)
Processional gateway (propylon)
Stadium
Public square
Chapter2
1. The document provides an overview of art from the Ancient Near East, beginning with Sumerian civilization and continuing through Persian and Sasanian periods. It examines the development of cities, writing, and organized religion in Sumer and how this influenced art and architecture.
2. Mesopotamian art is then discussed, highlighting styles, materials, and subject matter in sculptures, seals, and reliefs depicting religion and mythology. The roles of later Akkadian, Neo-Sumerian, Babylonian, Hittite, and Assyrian cultures are also evaluated.
3. The document concludes by exploring Persian and Sasanian art, including ruins at Persepolis and rock
The Etruscans 2015 16, CCA Mrs. Hill
The Etruscans flourished in central Italy from the 9th to 2nd centuries BC. They decorated their tombs with vibrant frescoes depicting everyday life, mythology, and funerals to provide for the afterlife. As the Etruscan civilization declined and Rome expanded, Etruscan art became more somber and reflective of their diminishing power and influence in the region.
Chapter 9 - Byzantium
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The document summarizes what is known about the ancient Etruscan people, including that their origins are unclear but they likely came from Asia Minor, they had a significant influence on early Roman culture and architecture, and they lived in city-states governed by oligarchic republics that emphasized wealth, monogamous families, and women's prominent roles in society.
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Late Antiquity saw the rise of Christianity in the Roman Empire from the 3rd to 6th centuries CE. Key figures like Constantine and Theodosius established Christianity as the official religion, replacing traditional paganism. Art from this period shows syncretism by adapting pagan imagery for Christian and Jewish narratives. Major monuments incorporated spolia, or recycled materials, from older structures. Church architecture evolved from the basilica plan to centralized designs like Santa Costanza in Rome.
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The document provides background information on the rise of ancient Rome. It describes geographic factors that contributed to Rome's growth as a trade center located in the central Mediterranean. It then discusses Rome's origins as a city founded by Romulus in 753 BCE and ruled by Etruscan kings. The Etruscans conquered Rome around 600 BCE and had significant influence on early Roman culture, contributing artistic styles, religious practices, and technologies like the alphabet, arch, and drainage systems. Their rule ended with a rebellion in 509 BCE, paving the way for Rome to become a republic.
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The document summarizes Etruscan art from 10th century BCE to 270 BCE. It describes how Etruscans built elaborate tombs resembling houses to bury family members together. Etruscan architecture was influenced by Greek styles, using columns and pediments in wood and terra cotta temples. Their sculptures emphasized movement and expression over archaic Greek rigidity. Etruscans excelled in bronze and terra cotta works, like the Chimera of Arezzo and the Apollo from Veii statue. Etruscan tomb paintings featured lively celebrations of the deceased.
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Greek pottery
The document provides information about ancient Greek pottery, including that:
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The geographic location of the Italian peninsula in the central Mediterranean provided easy access to trade routes between Europe, Asia and Africa, which contributed to Rome's rise. The rugged mountains also provided protection for the northern Italian settlements. The Etruscans were the first inhabitants of northern Italy from around 750 BCE and conquered Rome around 600 BCE. They introduced artistic styles, religious practices, the alphabet and other cultural influences. The Etruscans ruled Rome under a monarchy for over 200 years until the last Etruscan king, Tarquin the Proud, was expelled in 509 BCE due to a popular rebellion, paving the way for Rome to establish itself as a republic.
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The ancient Olympic Games were a religious festival held every four years in Olympia, Greece to honor Zeus. Only free Greek men could compete in events like running, long jump, and wrestling. Winning athletes brought fame and honors to themselves and their home cities. Women could own horses in equestrian events but were otherwise banned from competing or attending. The Games grew from a one-day to a multi-day festival over time and remained the most prestigious athletic competition in ancient Greece.
1.ancient olympic games
The ancient Olympic Games were a religious festival held every four years in Olympia, Greece to honor Zeus. Only free Greek men could compete in events like running, long jump, and wrestling. Winning athletes brought fame and honors to themselves and their home cities. Women could own horses in equestrian events but were otherwise banned from competing or attending. The Games grew from a one-day to a five-day festival over time and remained the most prestigious athletic competition in ancient Greece.
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The ancient Greeks had a significant influence on modern society. They invented democracy and held the first Olympics in 776 BCE. The Greeks also made important contributions to science, mathematics, philosophy, and architecture. They believed in a pantheon of gods like Zeus and Apollo and built temples to worship them. Every aspect of Greek life was thought to be controlled by the gods. The Greeks also developed one of the first alphabets, which many modern languages are based on. They left behind literary works and plays that are still read today. Overall, Ancient Greek civilization made lasting contributions across many domains.
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The Ancient Etruscans
- 1. Famous Names Fernando Poe Jr. - Movie Star cum Politician Ruffa Gutierrez - TV Talk Show Personality Enrico Villanueva - PBA Basketball Player Andres Bonifacio - National Hero Jose de Venecia, Jr. - Former Speaker of the House *** all these Philippine People can trace their geneology to Etruscan Ancestry
- 3. Map Of Etruscan Territory
- 4. Ancient Sporting Events From Tarquinius Burial Sites: Tomba del Maestro delle Olimpiadi
- 5. Etruscan Horse Racing Tomba del Maestro delle Olimpiadi
- 6. Etruscan Chariot Racing Tomba del Maestro delle Olimpiadi
- 7. Greek Athlete Tomba del Maestro delle Olimpiadi
- 8. Greek Sprinter Tomba del Maestro delle Olimpiadi
- 9. Greek Javelin Thrower Tomba del Maestro delle Olimpiadi
- 10. Let the Games Begin Etruscan Culture placed emphasis on sports competitions, as a form of religious representation. The most popular sports were Horseback Riding and Chariot Racing. Equestrian sports, boxing and wrestling, empassioned the Etruscans. In contrast with Greeks, Etruscans wore boxing gloves & tunics. Greeks considered their nude athletes more “heroic”, but Etruscans considered their nudity as amateur behaviour.
- 11. Indigo Plant Tomba dei Giocolieri in Tarquinius Evidence that Etruscans traded blue dye of the Indigo Plant with Indus Valley Civilization
- 13. Pendants
- 14. Cuff Bracelet Necklace
- 15. Breastplate
- 16. Brooch
- 17. Belt buckle
- 18. Cup Pendant Crown
- 19. Etruscan Dentistry
- 20. Source: Hamblin, Dora Jane,. The Etruscans c. 1975 Time-Life International, Netherland B.V. Pallottino, Massimo., Nuovi monumenti della pittura etrusca, c.1966 Lerici. Milano, Italia --- Indigo plants - Tomba dei Giocolieri --- Tomba del Maestro delle Olimpiadi ITALIA: Arte e Scienza nello Sport, Ed. Indraccolo, Francesco, c.1988 Edizioni Uniedit, Via Giacomo Trevis, Roma www.Crystal Lake Dental's Hot topics: Interesting facts in the history of dentures- Crystal Lake Dentist http://drnealblog.blogspot.com/2011/09/interesting-facts-in- history-of.html