1. The document provides details about two students, their enrollment information, and the school and course they are enrolled in. 2. It then summarizes the ancient Olympic Games, including the origins, events, and timeline of the games from 776 BC to 393 AD. 3. The modern Olympic Games are also summarized, covering the origins from Evangelos Zappas in 1856 to the first modern Olympics in Athens in 1896 established by Pierre de Coubertin.

1. Name :Aman Mishra And Parth Gusani
Enrollment no :210081103611001and 210081103611011
SchoolName :School of Physical Education and Sports
CourseName :Bachelor of Physical Education and Sports
Academic Year :- 2nd year third semester
Date of submission: 15/12/2022
Submitted to : Utsav chhawre
Subject matter expert
Rashtriya Raksha University

2. Ancient Olympic Games
1.The ancient Olympic Games were a series of athletic
competitions between city-state officials and one of the Pan-
Hellenic Games of ancient Greece.
2.They were held in honor of Zeus and the Greeks gave them
mythological origins.The first Olympic Games traditionally date
back to 776 BC.date.
3.The Games held every four years and became the unit of time in
the historical chronology "Olympiad".
4.They continued to be celebrated when the Greeks conquered
Greece in the 2nd century BC. came under Roman rule.

3. 5.The last recorded celebration was in AD 393 during the reign of Emperor
Theodosius I, but archaeological evidence suggests that some matches were still
held after that date.
6.The game probably ended under Theodosius II. This is probably related to the fire
that destroyed the temple of Zeus at Olympia during his reign.
7.In his first six Olympiads, the prize was a small piece of meat, or melia, taken from
an animal that was sacrificed to the gods.
8.After the seventh game, the winner was awarded the crown of olives. The ethical
implications of this award were far-reaching.
9.The winner was presented with an olive leaf wreath or crown.
10.The ancient Olympic Games had fewer events than the modern Olympic Games,
and only free-born Greek men were allowed to participate.

4. 11.The 37th Ancient Olympic Games were held over five days and featured a variety of sporting
activities.
Day 1:The Rite of Zeus and the First Ritual
Day 2:Two races, horse racing, track and field and athletics are scheduled.
Day 3:Sacrifice, Boxing, Wrestling
Day 4 consists of all long races.
Day 5:Honor or Crows
12. Sports field and gymnasium designed for national teams to practice wrestling, boxing and
pankration.

5. Modern Olympic Games
1.The Olympic Games was first proposed by poet
and newspaper editor Panagiotis Soutsos in his
poem "Dialogue of the Dead", published in 1833.
2.Evangelos Zappas, a wealthy Greek-Romanian
philanthropist, first wrote to King Otto of Greece, in
1856, offering to fund a permanent revival of the
Olympic Games.
3.Athletes participated from Greece and the
Ottoman Empire.

6. 4.The stadium hosted Olympics in 1870 and 1875. Thirty thousand spectators attended that Games in
1870, though no official attendance records are available for the 1875 Games.
5.In 1890, after attending the Olympian Games of the Wenlock Olympian Society, Baron Pierre de Coubertin
was inspired to found the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Coubertin built on the ideas and work of
Brookes and Zappas with the aim of establishing internationally rotating Olympic Games that would occur
every four years.
6.He presented these ideas during the first Olympic Congress of the newly created International
Olympic Committee. This meeting was held from 16 to 23 June 1894, at the University of Paris. On the
last day of the Congress, it was decided that the first Olympic Games to come under the auspices of
the IOC would take place in Athens in 1896.

7. The Pythian Games are one of the four Panhellenic Games of
ancient Greece. It was held in honor of Apollo at his sanctuary in
Delphi every four years between the Nemean and Isthmian
Games, two years after the Olympic Games.
The Pythian game was invented in the 6th century BC.
Established.
The Pythian Games were second only to the Olympic Games.
Unlike the Olympic Games, the Pythian Games had art and dance
competitions before the athletic competitions.
The victor received a laurel wreath dedicated to Apollo from the
city of Tempe in Thessaly.
Pythian Games

8. Myth about the Pythian Gmes
According to legend, they were founded after Apollo killed Python and
founded the oracle at Delphi. They lasted until the 4th century AD.
Historical Time Frame
1.The historical time frame of the Pythian Games began in 582 BC. Preparations
for the competition began six months ago.
2.Nine citizens from Delphi, called Theoroi, were sent to all Greek cities to
announce the start of the Games, to attract the athletes, and not only to
Theoroi and the athletes who traveled to Delphi, but also to the Temple of
Apollo itself.

9. 1. Citizens were forbidden to enter sanctuaries,
participate in games, or consult oracles if they were
involved in armed conflict or robbery.
2.
3. Despite this, Delphi remained an active pagan site,
and the Games of Pythia continued to be celebrated
until at least 424 AD.
4.
5. Unfortunately, the testimonials and documents
covering the Pythian Games were mainly destroyed by
human violence and natural catastrophes.
6.
7.All the remaining resources highlight the glory and
glamour of the Games.
Pythian Games at Delphi

10. Bijender Goel, the founder, who conceptualized the idea of Modern Pythian as Pierre de
Coubertin, addressed the press conference and briefed them on the concept of the modern
Pythian Games.
PanosKaltsis, Former Mayor of Delphi has been nominated as the 1st President of the International
Pythian Council .
He also informed that he proposed to hold the 1st Pythian Games in 2027, Junior Pythian Games in 2025,
and Para Pythian Games in 2024.
He said that the revival of the Pythian Games is just a completion of one phase and it is time for us
to create legal structures around the world and appoint/ nominate governing bodies for all
respective National Pythian Councils and International Pythian Councils, and initiate arts and
cultural activities.
Idea of Modern Pythian Games

11. The sporting and equestrian events were the same as Olympia, but without the four chariots and
with the addition of a men's running race.
Unlike Olympia, which had a separate festival for women (the Helean Games), in Delphi women were
allowed to participate in both sporting and artistic events. The only female winner is Tryphosa, who
won the women's stadium run race.
Athletics included four-track sports (studs, diauros, dolicos, hoplitodromos (hoplite armored races),
wrestling, boxing, pankration, and pentathlon. These sports were gradually introduced into the
game over time.
The final day of the game was spent in horse racing, with trotting, sinoriths (chariots drawn by two
horses), chariots by four horses and one horse (no chariot) on the plain racetrack. was broken.
Chrisa on the site of the original stadium, not far from the sea. Other sports competitions were held
at the stadium.
Events in pythian Games

12. Question :- who were allowed in the Pythian Games
Pindar explained that the game was celebrated in honor of Zeus. Originally the game
was of a martial nature and only a warrior and his son were allowed to participate.

13. Myths about Nemean Games
However, all these legends agree that the Nemean Games were first introduced by
the Seven against Thebes to commemorate the death of Opheltes, later named
Archemorus. , when he was thirsty, met Hypsipyle carrying Opheltes, the son of
the priest of Zeus and Eurydice.
She left the child lying in the meadow while she was directing the braves to the
nearest well. Seeing the accident on their return home, the seven slayed the
dragon and began the funeral game every three years.
Other legends say that Hercules set the Nemean Games after he killed the
Nemean lion. Another tradition held that he revived the ancient games, or at least
introduced the changes that are now celebrated in honor of Zeus.

14. Nemean Games
1.The Nemean Games (Greek: or) were one of four pan-
Hellenic Games in ancient Greece, held every two (or
three)years at Nemea.
2.In addition to the Isthmian Games, the Nemean Games
were held before and after the Ancient Olympic Games,
and the Pythian Games were held in his third year of the
Olympiad cycle.
3. Like the Olympics, they were held in honor of Zeus. They
are said to have been founded by Hercules after
defeating the Nemean Lion.
4.According to another myth, they originated as funerary
plays by a child named Opheltes. However, they are
known to have existed only from the 6th century BC
(before 573 BC). The winner received a wreath of wild
celery leaves from the city of Argos.

15. But later they were revealed to all Greeks. The game was played in a grove between Cleonae and
Prius. According to Apollodorus, the various events were horse races, armor running in stadiums,
wrestling, chariot races, discus throwing, boxing, javelin throwing and archery, and musical
competitions.
The prize for the winner was originally a wreath of olive branches and later a wreath of green
celery. The location of the Nemean games changed at different times between Cleonae, Corinth
and Argos. They were sometimes called Cleone's games after their first place.
Events in the Nemean Games

16. Competitors from these divisions competed against each other in the Nudist Division.
Stadion: 178m long foot race in Nemea.
Diaurus is a double stadium race of approximately 355 meters in Nemea.
Hippios-Diaurus foot his double of his run, about 710 meters in Nemea
Dolichos is a long-distance run. The exact length of this race is unknown. You may have circled the
stadium 7,10, 20, or 24 times.
Hopli Todromos is a Diauros race, in which participants first don helmets, bronze-plated aspens, and
metal greaves.
The Pyx Boxing-Like Match Opponents tied their hands and wrists with long straps to protect
themselves and deal more damage. Whoever knocks out or concedes first loses.
Gymnastics Division

17. Pankration is a hybrid of boxing and wrestling with few rules.
Again, whoever gets KO'd or concedes first loses.
The Pale - Wrestling from a standing position.The objective was to knock down
the opponent three times his.
Pentathlon: This pentathlon includes stadium, wrestling or pale matches, javelin
throwing, discus throwing, It consisted of the long jump.

18. The Equestrian Part
The only event in which women were allowed to participate was held on a racetrack, not because riding
was permitted, but because the horses and chariots were the owners and the riders and charioteers
were not seen as winners. because it was not done. This even allowed cities to get involved by funding
equestrian teams.
No ancient hippodrome has been discovered to date, so the lengths given are hypothetical.
1.Tethrippon chariot with four horses he ran a distance of 8,400 meters (5.25 miles).
2.Synoris Chariots, two horses raced his distance of 5600 meters (3.5 miles). increase.
3.Kélēs, a horseback race over a distance of 4200 meters or 2.5 miles.

19. Development of
Track and Field at
National Level.

20. History of Indian Athletics
In the 20th century, when India was still under the rule of the
British Empire, India participated in the 1900 Summer
Olympics.
The development of athletics in India is a long-term endeavor, with many
organizations and individuals involved in its growth
AFI, the Indian Athletics Federation, is working
to actively promote the sport through various
initiatives, improve its infrastructure and create a
comprehensive training and coaching system for
athletes.

21. Ancient Athletics
The history of sports in India can be traced back to the Vedic
times.
In the early days of Indian independence, a modern
version of athletics was held regularly and
systematically.
By then there were many phases in the
history of Indian athletics. In the early
days, the game was played on grass and
cinder tracks, but gradually switched to
plastic tracks.

22. Modern Athletics
At the national level, AFI hosts various national competitions such as the National
Open Athletics Championships, National School Athletics Championships, and
National Interstate Athletics Championships.
These events have helped raise the standards of athletics in
India and bring more athletes into the sport.
AFI also has agreements with the
International Association of Athletics
Federations (IAAF) and the Asian Athletics
Association (AAA) to enable Indian athletes
to participate in international events such as
the Asian Games and the IAAF World
Championships.