This document analyzes textile and clothing exports from SAARC countries from 1980 to 2012 based on data from the World Trade Organization. It finds that while Bangladesh significantly increased its exports over this period, growing from 0.04% to 0.1% of international trade, the shares of India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka weakened. Exports from Bhutan, Nepal and Maldives make negligible contributions to total textile and clothing exports. The key discussion focuses on exports from Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
The document is a student assignment on Tata Steel Ltd's export policies and challenges. It includes an introduction to Tata Steel and the Indian steel industry. The assignment covers various topics related to Tata Steel's exports such as export finance sources, pricing policies, export promotion practices, the impact of COVID-19, and government incentives for steel exports. It also provides an index and conclusion. Key points include Tata Steel exporting steel products to over 100 countries, factors that influence its export pricing like production costs and competition, and the impact of high input costs and volatile demand due to COVID-19 on its export management.
An overview of india japan trade relation today and tomorrowmarketxceldata
Economic relations between India and Japan have vast potential for growth, given the obvious complementarities that exist between the two Asian economies. Japan's interest in India is increasing due to a variety of reasons including India's big and growing market and its resources, especially the human resources. The signing of the historic India-Japan Comprehensive Economic PartnershipAgreement (CEPA) and its implementation from August 2011 has accelerated economic and commercial relations between the two countries.
For Inquiry Visit Us: https://www.market-xcel.com/contact.html
The document discusses the effect of the strengthening US dollar on Indonesia's capital market. It notes that while Indonesia's stock index, the Jakarta Composite Index, reached a high in April 2015, it has since dropped nearly 8% as several major companies reported lower than expected earnings. It also discusses Indonesia's economic growth slowing to 4.71% in the first quarter of 2015, the lowest in years. The strengthening US dollar has caused the Indonesian rupiah to fall over 5% this year, adding pressure to the capital market.
India's foreign trade includes exports of manufactured goods like textiles, gems and jewelry as well as imports of fuels, capital goods and chemicals. Exports have grown from $209 billion in 2001-02 to $314 billion in 2013-14 while imports increased from $245 billion to $469 billion over the same period. Major export partners for India include the US, UAE and China while primary import sources are China, UAE, Saudi Arabia and Switzerland. Special Economic Zones established in India have helped boost exports and attracted foreign investment, with total exports growing from $13.8 billion in 2003-04 to over $99 billion in 2008-09.
This document discusses exports and imports in India. It provides examples of major items exported from India, including milk products, wheat, rice, coffee, tea, spices and medicines. It also lists major import items for India such as fertilizers, edible oils, sugar, iron and steel, and petroleum products. The document includes graphs showing India's balance of trade from 2002 to 2012 and lists the top 15 exporting states in India as well as India's major importing partners like China, Saudi Arabia, the U.S., UAE, Iran and Singapore. It outlines the importance of imports and exports for India's economy and shifts its focus from agriculture to trade.
India opened up its economy in the early 1990s following a foreign exchange crisis. This led to more market-oriented domestic and external sector policies. While India has made progress toward becoming a global hub, it still faces challenges like inadequate infrastructure, difficulties acquiring land, and lack of education access. Expanding education, improving finance access, and increasing rural infrastructure and ownership could help India become a stronger global hub according to experts. Rural areas still lack sufficient roads, power, housing and education infrastructure compared to urban areas, slowing rural development.
For those of you that have some spare time, this makes a \'highly\' interesting read.
An in-depth coverage by BERR, of changing global momentum towards China and India and how UK business can adapt (rather then we wary) of this seismic shift.
Global Marketing - Turkish Textile Industry and Its Competition PowerGamze Saba
This document provides an overview of the Turkish textile industry and its competitive position globally. It begins with an introduction to the textile industry in general and the history of textile production in Turkey. It then analyzes the competition in the global textile industry using Porter's Five Forces framework and identifies competitive advantages of the Turkish industry, such as low labor costs and a favorable geographic location. Finally, it provides a brief comparison of the Turkish and German textile industries and performs SWOT and PEST analyses of the Turkish industry.
The document is a student assignment on Tata Steel Ltd's export policies and challenges. It includes an introduction to Tata Steel and the Indian steel industry. The assignment covers various topics related to Tata Steel's exports such as export finance sources, pricing policies, export promotion practices, the impact of COVID-19, and government incentives for steel exports. It also provides an index and conclusion. Key points include Tata Steel exporting steel products to over 100 countries, factors that influence its export pricing like production costs and competition, and the impact of high input costs and volatile demand due to COVID-19 on its export management.
An overview of india japan trade relation today and tomorrowmarketxceldata
Economic relations between India and Japan have vast potential for growth, given the obvious complementarities that exist between the two Asian economies. Japan's interest in India is increasing due to a variety of reasons including India's big and growing market and its resources, especially the human resources. The signing of the historic India-Japan Comprehensive Economic PartnershipAgreement (CEPA) and its implementation from August 2011 has accelerated economic and commercial relations between the two countries.
For Inquiry Visit Us: https://www.market-xcel.com/contact.html
The document discusses the effect of the strengthening US dollar on Indonesia's capital market. It notes that while Indonesia's stock index, the Jakarta Composite Index, reached a high in April 2015, it has since dropped nearly 8% as several major companies reported lower than expected earnings. It also discusses Indonesia's economic growth slowing to 4.71% in the first quarter of 2015, the lowest in years. The strengthening US dollar has caused the Indonesian rupiah to fall over 5% this year, adding pressure to the capital market.
India's foreign trade includes exports of manufactured goods like textiles, gems and jewelry as well as imports of fuels, capital goods and chemicals. Exports have grown from $209 billion in 2001-02 to $314 billion in 2013-14 while imports increased from $245 billion to $469 billion over the same period. Major export partners for India include the US, UAE and China while primary import sources are China, UAE, Saudi Arabia and Switzerland. Special Economic Zones established in India have helped boost exports and attracted foreign investment, with total exports growing from $13.8 billion in 2003-04 to over $99 billion in 2008-09.
This document discusses exports and imports in India. It provides examples of major items exported from India, including milk products, wheat, rice, coffee, tea, spices and medicines. It also lists major import items for India such as fertilizers, edible oils, sugar, iron and steel, and petroleum products. The document includes graphs showing India's balance of trade from 2002 to 2012 and lists the top 15 exporting states in India as well as India's major importing partners like China, Saudi Arabia, the U.S., UAE, Iran and Singapore. It outlines the importance of imports and exports for India's economy and shifts its focus from agriculture to trade.
India opened up its economy in the early 1990s following a foreign exchange crisis. This led to more market-oriented domestic and external sector policies. While India has made progress toward becoming a global hub, it still faces challenges like inadequate infrastructure, difficulties acquiring land, and lack of education access. Expanding education, improving finance access, and increasing rural infrastructure and ownership could help India become a stronger global hub according to experts. Rural areas still lack sufficient roads, power, housing and education infrastructure compared to urban areas, slowing rural development.
For those of you that have some spare time, this makes a \'highly\' interesting read.
An in-depth coverage by BERR, of changing global momentum towards China and India and how UK business can adapt (rather then we wary) of this seismic shift.
Global Marketing - Turkish Textile Industry and Its Competition PowerGamze Saba
This document provides an overview of the Turkish textile industry and its competitive position globally. It begins with an introduction to the textile industry in general and the history of textile production in Turkey. It then analyzes the competition in the global textile industry using Porter's Five Forces framework and identifies competitive advantages of the Turkish industry, such as low labor costs and a favorable geographic location. Finally, it provides a brief comparison of the Turkish and German textile industries and performs SWOT and PEST analyses of the Turkish industry.
ECONOMIC REFORMS AND INCREASING TREND OF GULFAMIR HUSSAIN
The document discusses the economic reforms in India in the late 20th century that led to liberalization and privatization of industries. It argues that while this benefited educated, high-income groups through new jobs in sectors like IT and finance, it negatively impacted traditional artisan communities like Muslim weavers. The weavers found it difficult to compete with large multinational corporations and lacked skills for new industries. As a result, there has been an increasing trend of migration of weavers from India's Azamgarh district to Gulf countries for low-skilled work in construction and other fields to sustain their livelihoods.
This document provides an introduction and overview of India as a market. It discusses India's economy, industries, consumer market, major cities, and comparisons to other global powers. Some key facts presented include that India has the 4th largest economy in the world, the 2nd largest pool of scientists and engineers, and experienced the 2nd highest GDP growth rate in 2007 at 11.6%, behind only China. The document provides economic indicators for India and shares of world GDP for major countries to contextualize India's growing global economic influence. It aims to outline opportunities for international businesses in India's expanding economy and consumer base.
This document provides an overview of opportunities for capturing the Indian exhibition market. It discusses India's strong economic outlook and key industry sectors. The exhibition industry in India is growing, with both Indian companies increasingly visiting overseas exhibitions and foreign organizers bringing exhibitions to India. Government support programs help boost participation. While competition is strong, opportunities exist through promoting new shows, partnering with associations, and marketing directly to potential visitors and exhibitors. Examples demonstrate effective strategies like collaboration and promoting value for key stakeholders.
This document provides an introduction and overview of India as a market. It discusses India's economy, industries, consumer market, major cities, and comparisons to other global powers. Some key facts presented include that India has the 4th largest economy in the world, the 2nd largest pool of scientists and engineers, and experienced the 2nd highest GDP growth rate in 2007 at 11.6%, second only to China. The document provides economic indicators for India and shares of world GDP for major countries to contextualize India's growing global economic influence. It aims to outline opportunities for international businesses in India's expanding economy and consumer market.
The document provides a quarterly global sourcing update with key metrics on economic indicators, wages, freight rates, currency exchange rates, and commodities prices across major sourcing countries. It analyzes trends in purchasing manager indices, exports/imports, and minimum wages. The update aims to inform global sourcing decisions with research and insights on factors impacting sourcing geographies.
India and Pakistan's human development is compared using several indices:
1. India's HDI components like life expectancy and education are higher than Pakistan's since 1980. However, Pakistan's GNI per capita was previously higher.
2. India's IHDI, which discounts inequality, is lower than its HDI, showing higher inequality. Inequality is highest for education and lowest for income in India.
3. Both countries have similar GII values, with India having higher maternal mortality and lower female representation in parliament.
This presentation was given as part of Imperial College Business School's Imperial in the City series. You can find out more about the series here: imprl.biz/ImperialintheCity
The document provides an overview of India's gems and jewellery sector. Some key points:
- The sector contributes around 15% to India's total merchandise exports and employs over 4.6 million people.
- India is the world's largest cut and polished diamond exporter, exporting over 90% of its production. It exports around 75% of the global polished diamond volume.
- The market size of India's gems and jewellery sector was around US$75 billion in 2018 and is expected to reach US$100 billion by 2025.
- Exports of cut and polished diamonds grew at a CAGR of 5.97% between FY2016-17 and FY2017-
The document discusses opportunities for US companies exporting to India. It provides an overview of India's strong economic growth, large middle class, and changing policies that make it more attractive for foreign investment. Specific industries like IT, biotechnology, automobiles are highlighted as top sectors in cities such as Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Mumbai, and New Delhi. The document also lists the Indian government's efforts to improve intellectual property protection and provides resources for US companies to utilize when exporting to India.
Gujarat has experienced strong economic growth, with annual growth averaging 9% in the last 3 years. It accounts for 16% of India's industrial production despite having only 5% of the population. Key industries include petrochemicals, automotive, engineering, textiles, and chemicals. The state has developed infrastructure like ports, roads, and industrial parks to support business. There are opportunities for Japanese companies in sectors like infrastructure, IT, engineering, chemicals, and healthcare.
India imports and exports a variety of goods. Its top imports are crude oil, gold, electronics, and coal. China, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia are among India's largest import partners. The government has implemented policies like the Exim Policy and export incentives to promote foreign trade and reduce reliance on imports. Organizations like the India Trade Promotion Organization and Export-Import Bank of India support India's foreign trade goals through activities like trade exhibitions, buyer-seller meets, and export financing.
This document provides an overview of the Indian oil and gas sector. It discusses how India has emerged as the seventh largest importer of crude oil in the world and fifth largest consumer of petroleum products, with domestic production unable to meet growing demand. The oil and gas sector contributes significantly to government revenue and exports. While consumption of oil and gas has increased substantially, domestic production has grown at a much slower rate of 1.73% annually. The document outlines the historical development of the sector and importance of oil and gas in fueling India's economic growth.
- The text summarizes a document discussing the textile industry of Pakistan and where it currently stands.
- Pakistan's textile industry contributes significantly to GDP and employment but accounts for a small share of the global textile market.
- The industry primarily exports raw materials and low-value clothing, while competitors like China and Bangladesh have increased exports of higher-value and technical textiles.
- For Pakistan to increase exports, it needs to either focus on low-cost mass production like Bangladesh or produce higher-value goods through investment in technology, skills development, and research capabilities.
This document discusses techniques for improving productivity in knitting departments. It identifies several key areas for improvement, including maintaining optimal temperature and humidity levels, using cool dry compressed air, and proper yarn and fabric storage. Controlling the environment helps reduce faults and waste while improving quality. Implementing these recommendations could increase productivity by over 25% and reduce costs through lower needle breakage and maintenance needs.
This document analyzes textile and clothing exports from SAARC countries from 1980 to 2012 based on data from the World Trade Organization. It finds that while Bangladesh significantly increased its exports over this period, growing from 0.04% to 0.1% of international trade, the shares of India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka weakened. Exports from Bhutan, Nepal and Maldives make negligible contributions to total textile and clothing exports. The key discussion therefore focuses on exports from Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka over the 1980-2012 period.
The document discusses Pakistan's potential to benefit from the European Union's Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) Plus program. It outlines how GSP Plus could help Pakistan by exempting its exports from tariffs and quotas. However, Pakistan must meet certain requirements to qualify, such as complying with international labor laws and environmental standards. If Pakistan invests in industrial capacity building and addresses issues like its energy crisis, GSP Plus could increase its exports by $6 billion annually and boost its economy. The document recommends steps Pakistan must take to strengthen its industries and meet the program's compliance standards.
I was one of the Panelist in
CII - Odisha Panel Discussions : "Export Strategy in Covid Crisis: Resurgence & its Way Ahead",
CII Odisha,
Essenpee Business Solutions,
SN Panigrahi,
Panelists:
Mr Manish Kharbanda, VP CII Odisha, Group Head Corporate Affairs, Legal, CSR; JSPL,
Dr. K Rangarajan, Professor, Head Center for MSME, Kolkata Campus, IIFT;
Mr. Dilip Sudhir Manohar, Founder & Director, IIIEM;
Ms Priyanka Mohanty, Co-Chairman, CII - MSME & Exports Panel, Director Falcon Marine Exports Ltd;
Mr. Avik Datta, Chief Manager, India Exim Bank;
Mr. SN Panigrahi, Business Consultant
Foreign trade export import bank of indiaPervez Khan
This document summarizes India's trade trends from 2006-2012. It shows that India's total trade increased over threefold during this period, with both exports and imports trebling. The key points are:
- India's trade has been shifting towards Asia and Africa, with these regions increasing their share of India's exports from 47% to 62.7% over the period.
- India's top export destinations are the UAE, USA, and China, while its top import sources are China, UAE, and Switzerland.
- Major export items include petroleum products, gems, pharmaceuticals, and transport equipment, while major imports are petroleum crude, gold, electronics and machinery.
-
India’s Foreign Trade: Direction and Composition of Traderangegowda12345
India's foreign trade has grown substantially over the years. The document discusses key trends in India's exports and imports between 2004-2014. It notes that India's top export partners are the USA, UAE, and Saudi Arabia, with petroleum products, pearls/precious stones, and gold being the top exported commodities. For imports, China is the top source country, followed by Saudi Arabia and UAE, with crude petroleum, gold, and other commodities being the leading imports. The composition and direction of India's trade has changed significantly since the 1990s liberalization, with growing exports of manufactured goods and imports of capital goods and industrial materials.
ECONOMIC REFORMS AND INCREASING TREND OF GULFAMIR HUSSAIN
The document discusses the economic reforms in India in the late 20th century that led to liberalization and privatization of industries. It argues that while this benefited educated, high-income groups through new jobs in sectors like IT and finance, it negatively impacted traditional artisan communities like Muslim weavers. The weavers found it difficult to compete with large multinational corporations and lacked skills for new industries. As a result, there has been an increasing trend of migration of weavers from India's Azamgarh district to Gulf countries for low-skilled work in construction and other fields to sustain their livelihoods.
This document provides an introduction and overview of India as a market. It discusses India's economy, industries, consumer market, major cities, and comparisons to other global powers. Some key facts presented include that India has the 4th largest economy in the world, the 2nd largest pool of scientists and engineers, and experienced the 2nd highest GDP growth rate in 2007 at 11.6%, behind only China. The document provides economic indicators for India and shares of world GDP for major countries to contextualize India's growing global economic influence. It aims to outline opportunities for international businesses in India's expanding economy and consumer base.
This document provides an overview of opportunities for capturing the Indian exhibition market. It discusses India's strong economic outlook and key industry sectors. The exhibition industry in India is growing, with both Indian companies increasingly visiting overseas exhibitions and foreign organizers bringing exhibitions to India. Government support programs help boost participation. While competition is strong, opportunities exist through promoting new shows, partnering with associations, and marketing directly to potential visitors and exhibitors. Examples demonstrate effective strategies like collaboration and promoting value for key stakeholders.
This document provides an introduction and overview of India as a market. It discusses India's economy, industries, consumer market, major cities, and comparisons to other global powers. Some key facts presented include that India has the 4th largest economy in the world, the 2nd largest pool of scientists and engineers, and experienced the 2nd highest GDP growth rate in 2007 at 11.6%, second only to China. The document provides economic indicators for India and shares of world GDP for major countries to contextualize India's growing global economic influence. It aims to outline opportunities for international businesses in India's expanding economy and consumer market.
The document provides a quarterly global sourcing update with key metrics on economic indicators, wages, freight rates, currency exchange rates, and commodities prices across major sourcing countries. It analyzes trends in purchasing manager indices, exports/imports, and minimum wages. The update aims to inform global sourcing decisions with research and insights on factors impacting sourcing geographies.
India and Pakistan's human development is compared using several indices:
1. India's HDI components like life expectancy and education are higher than Pakistan's since 1980. However, Pakistan's GNI per capita was previously higher.
2. India's IHDI, which discounts inequality, is lower than its HDI, showing higher inequality. Inequality is highest for education and lowest for income in India.
3. Both countries have similar GII values, with India having higher maternal mortality and lower female representation in parliament.
This presentation was given as part of Imperial College Business School's Imperial in the City series. You can find out more about the series here: imprl.biz/ImperialintheCity
The document provides an overview of India's gems and jewellery sector. Some key points:
- The sector contributes around 15% to India's total merchandise exports and employs over 4.6 million people.
- India is the world's largest cut and polished diamond exporter, exporting over 90% of its production. It exports around 75% of the global polished diamond volume.
- The market size of India's gems and jewellery sector was around US$75 billion in 2018 and is expected to reach US$100 billion by 2025.
- Exports of cut and polished diamonds grew at a CAGR of 5.97% between FY2016-17 and FY2017-
The document discusses opportunities for US companies exporting to India. It provides an overview of India's strong economic growth, large middle class, and changing policies that make it more attractive for foreign investment. Specific industries like IT, biotechnology, automobiles are highlighted as top sectors in cities such as Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Mumbai, and New Delhi. The document also lists the Indian government's efforts to improve intellectual property protection and provides resources for US companies to utilize when exporting to India.
Gujarat has experienced strong economic growth, with annual growth averaging 9% in the last 3 years. It accounts for 16% of India's industrial production despite having only 5% of the population. Key industries include petrochemicals, automotive, engineering, textiles, and chemicals. The state has developed infrastructure like ports, roads, and industrial parks to support business. There are opportunities for Japanese companies in sectors like infrastructure, IT, engineering, chemicals, and healthcare.
India imports and exports a variety of goods. Its top imports are crude oil, gold, electronics, and coal. China, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia are among India's largest import partners. The government has implemented policies like the Exim Policy and export incentives to promote foreign trade and reduce reliance on imports. Organizations like the India Trade Promotion Organization and Export-Import Bank of India support India's foreign trade goals through activities like trade exhibitions, buyer-seller meets, and export financing.
This document provides an overview of the Indian oil and gas sector. It discusses how India has emerged as the seventh largest importer of crude oil in the world and fifth largest consumer of petroleum products, with domestic production unable to meet growing demand. The oil and gas sector contributes significantly to government revenue and exports. While consumption of oil and gas has increased substantially, domestic production has grown at a much slower rate of 1.73% annually. The document outlines the historical development of the sector and importance of oil and gas in fueling India's economic growth.
- The text summarizes a document discussing the textile industry of Pakistan and where it currently stands.
- Pakistan's textile industry contributes significantly to GDP and employment but accounts for a small share of the global textile market.
- The industry primarily exports raw materials and low-value clothing, while competitors like China and Bangladesh have increased exports of higher-value and technical textiles.
- For Pakistan to increase exports, it needs to either focus on low-cost mass production like Bangladesh or produce higher-value goods through investment in technology, skills development, and research capabilities.
This document discusses techniques for improving productivity in knitting departments. It identifies several key areas for improvement, including maintaining optimal temperature and humidity levels, using cool dry compressed air, and proper yarn and fabric storage. Controlling the environment helps reduce faults and waste while improving quality. Implementing these recommendations could increase productivity by over 25% and reduce costs through lower needle breakage and maintenance needs.
This document analyzes textile and clothing exports from SAARC countries from 1980 to 2012 based on data from the World Trade Organization. It finds that while Bangladesh significantly increased its exports over this period, growing from 0.04% to 0.1% of international trade, the shares of India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka weakened. Exports from Bhutan, Nepal and Maldives make negligible contributions to total textile and clothing exports. The key discussion therefore focuses on exports from Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka over the 1980-2012 period.
The document discusses Pakistan's potential to benefit from the European Union's Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) Plus program. It outlines how GSP Plus could help Pakistan by exempting its exports from tariffs and quotas. However, Pakistan must meet certain requirements to qualify, such as complying with international labor laws and environmental standards. If Pakistan invests in industrial capacity building and addresses issues like its energy crisis, GSP Plus could increase its exports by $6 billion annually and boost its economy. The document recommends steps Pakistan must take to strengthen its industries and meet the program's compliance standards.
I was one of the Panelist in
CII - Odisha Panel Discussions : "Export Strategy in Covid Crisis: Resurgence & its Way Ahead",
CII Odisha,
Essenpee Business Solutions,
SN Panigrahi,
Panelists:
Mr Manish Kharbanda, VP CII Odisha, Group Head Corporate Affairs, Legal, CSR; JSPL,
Dr. K Rangarajan, Professor, Head Center for MSME, Kolkata Campus, IIFT;
Mr. Dilip Sudhir Manohar, Founder & Director, IIIEM;
Ms Priyanka Mohanty, Co-Chairman, CII - MSME & Exports Panel, Director Falcon Marine Exports Ltd;
Mr. Avik Datta, Chief Manager, India Exim Bank;
Mr. SN Panigrahi, Business Consultant
Foreign trade export import bank of indiaPervez Khan
This document summarizes India's trade trends from 2006-2012. It shows that India's total trade increased over threefold during this period, with both exports and imports trebling. The key points are:
- India's trade has been shifting towards Asia and Africa, with these regions increasing their share of India's exports from 47% to 62.7% over the period.
- India's top export destinations are the UAE, USA, and China, while its top import sources are China, UAE, and Switzerland.
- Major export items include petroleum products, gems, pharmaceuticals, and transport equipment, while major imports are petroleum crude, gold, electronics and machinery.
-
India’s Foreign Trade: Direction and Composition of Traderangegowda12345
India's foreign trade has grown substantially over the years. The document discusses key trends in India's exports and imports between 2004-2014. It notes that India's top export partners are the USA, UAE, and Saudi Arabia, with petroleum products, pearls/precious stones, and gold being the top exported commodities. For imports, China is the top source country, followed by Saudi Arabia and UAE, with crude petroleum, gold, and other commodities being the leading imports. The composition and direction of India's trade has changed significantly since the 1990s liberalization, with growing exports of manufactured goods and imports of capital goods and industrial materials.
The document provides facts and figures about the European Union and its participation in the G20. It discusses EU demographics, noting that the EU accounts for 7.3% of the world's population. It also discusses EU growth, noting that the EU accounts for 23.2% of global GDP. Additionally, it discusses efforts by the EU to rebalance its economy through strengthening economic policy coordination, reducing deficits and debt, and establishing mechanisms like the European Stability Mechanism to provide financial support.
Development of textile production with an overview of the export shiftingOlga Loghinovici
The textile industry (T/C) is one of the most globalised industries which plays an important role in the world trade. For some economies, for instance Pakistan (CIA, 2015) and Indonesia (CIA, 2015), it represents the most crucial sector for export earnings. This paper shows an overview of the industry export shifting of the textile sectors in Europe and the World, where export tables and related graphics will illustrate the changes in more detail.
Export & import between Bangladesh & IndiaTorun Datta
This document discusses trends in trade between India and Bangladesh from 2012-2013. It finds that while both countries have faced trade deficits, India's deficit is larger due to higher inflation and economic issues. The document analyzes export and import data and finds that while Bangladesh has been able to balance its trade, India's imports have increased more than its exports. However, the depreciation of the Indian rupee has made Indian exports more competitive. The document suggests both countries should cooperate to promote bilateral trade and consider India's northeast states as an opportunity for Bangladeshi access to Indian markets.
This document discusses India's potential for hi-tech manufacturing and improving its export structure. It finds that India has a very small share of global manufacturing (1.5%) compared to China's 14% share. One reason for India's poor performance is the low importance of hi-tech manufacturing in its production and exports. The document analyzes India and China's shares of total world manufacturing exports from 1991-2013, finding that while India's share increased only slightly to 1.81%, China's share grew enormously to become the largest at 18.6%. For India to successfully implement its "Make in India" campaign, it must focus on promoting skill-intensive, hi-tech manufacturing to become more competitive globally.
The document discusses India's foreign trade and its importance for economic development. It notes that while India had a significant share of world trade at independence, its share declined until 1980 but has since improved. It provides statistics on India's exports and imports by value and sector. It also discusses factors influencing India's foreign trade performance and rankings compared to other countries.
Indias international-trade-and-investmentMukesh Singh
India has emerged as an important player in global trade. Its share of world merchandise exports has grown from 0.7% in 2000 to 1.7% in 2013, and it now ranks 19th globally. Both India's exports and imports have shifted significantly towards southern countries like Asia, Africa, and Latin America over the past decade. Major exported commodities showing increased global market share include petroleum products, pharmaceuticals, cereals, and cotton. India's role in international trade is expected to continue expanding due to strong economic growth and policy support for global integration.
This document compares the economies of India and China. It provides statistics on GDP growth rates, composition of GDP by sector, and other economic indicators for both countries. It also discusses key sectors like agriculture, industry, and services. China has experienced faster economic growth than India in recent decades due to differences in their political systems and economic reforms. Both countries have become major global economic powers from being among the poorest 50 years ago.
The garment industry is economically important for Bangladesh and one of its most emerging sectors. It has experienced phenomenal growth over the past 15 years, growing from exporting $1 million in 1978 to $8 billion in 2006. Currently, the garment industry employs over 4 million people, mostly women from rural areas, and contributes around 80% of Bangladesh's total exports. While the industry has brought significant economic benefits, it also faces problems like low wages, poor working conditions, and an inability to upgrade product quality. Overall, the garment industry remains vital to Bangladesh's economy but continued challenges threaten its long term prospects.
http://www.oifc.in/oppinindia.asp India's economy is on the fulcrum of an ever increasing growth curve. With positive indicators such as a stable 8-9 per cent annual growth, rising foreign exchange reserves of close to US$ 180 billion, a booming capital market with the popular "Sensex" index topping the majestic 14,000 mark, the Government estimated FDI flow of US$ 12 billion in this fiscal and a more than 35 per cent surge in exports, it is easy to understand why India is a leading destination for foreign investment.
Dpm on indian economy falling rupee and common man (26.8.13)Divyang Majmudar
The document discusses India's current account deficit (CAD) and how it relates to the falling value of the Indian rupee. It provides data showing India's increasing CAD from 2008 to 2013, with the deficit reaching over $32 billion in the first quarter of 2013. It also shows that India's CAD is correlated with but not solely responsible for changes in the rupee-dollar exchange rate, with other economic factors also influencing the exchange rate. The document aims to explain the CAD's impact on the rupee and identify possible solutions from political and business leaders to address the issue.
The document summarizes Mongolia's macroeconomic indicators and developments from 2005 to 2013. It saw strong growth averaging over 10% annually despite slowing exports and FDI inflows in recent years. This growth contributed to declining poverty but also higher inflation due to expansionary fiscal policy in 2012. The fiscal deficit widened to over 11% of GDP in 2012 when including state-owned Development Bank of Mongolia spending, though revenue growth has been strong in 2013. International reserves grew following Mongolia's successful international bond issuance.
China in 2010 displaced Japan to become the second biggest economy in the world. Both countries are the first and second largest economies in the Asia region and both also are part of the world factory, centred in China, that it is Asia, especially East Asia.
Both nations have a long historical relationship but complicated by issues that have to do with Japan invasion of China in the first half of the XX century and now the growing assertiveness of China in the region. Both are the engines of growth in the East Asa region. Japan used to be the largest but now China is becoming it. China is already the biggest trade partner of most countries in the region and its investment is increasing, even if still is behind Japan in this field.
So, a stable relationship between China and Japan is a condition for the continuous growth of the East Asia region. In this article a review of China Japan relation will be done. First trade relationship between China and Japan will be seen, then investment, then exchange of people, then economic aid, and last the political relations mong them will be assessed. A conclusion will follow.
An overview of India Italy trade relation today and tomorrowmarketxceldata
The document summarizes India-Italy economic and trade relations. It provides an overview of the economies and recent developments in both countries. The bilateral trade between India and Italy witnessed growth until the 2008 recession but has since declined. Major exports from India to Italy include machinery and textiles, while Italy exports machinery and chemicals to India. Recent initiatives like an MoU between Invest India and the Italian Trade Agency aim to strengthen economic cooperation between the two countries.
India ranks 21st in the world for exports, with $299 billion in exports in 2018. Its top exports are mineral fuels including oil, gems and precious metals, machinery including computers, vehicles, and organic chemicals. India's exports have grown moderately in recent years, while imports have surged, leading to a widening trade deficit of $184.5 billion in 2018. The main contributors to the deficit are imports from China, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Switzerland, and Iran. Reducing the trade deficit will require stronger export growth in key sectors like textiles and agriculture to regain competitiveness, as well as managing import growth.
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Textile and clothing exports from south asia countries 1980 2012
1. Textile
and
Clothing
Exports
from
SAARC
Countries:
A
Comparison
from
1980
to
2012
Dr.
Muhammad
Mushtaq
Mangat1
South
Asian
Association
for
Regional
Cooperation
(SAARC)
came
into
being
in
1985.
Bangladesh,
Bhutan,
India,
Maldives,
Nepal,
Pakistan
and
Sri
Lanka
are
its
founder
members.
This
report
is
an
effort
to
throw
light
on
the
Textile
and
Clothing
(T&C)
exports
of
SAARC
countries.
This
data
has
been
taken
from
the
website
of
World
Trade
Organization
(WTO)2.
WTO
divides
the
textile
related
exports
into
two
main
categories:
textiles
and
clothing.
All
raw
materials
utilized
to
make
clothing
come
under
the
category
of
textile
(fibers,
yarn,
and
fabrics)
and
all
finished
or
ready-‐made
products
come
under
the
category
of
clothing
(shirts,
trousers,
and
bed
wear
etc.).
An
early
survey
shows
that
Bhutan,
Nepal
and
Maldives
have
slight
and
insignificant
share
in
the
world
trade
of
T&C
[Textile
&
Clothing].
Since
Bhutan,
Nepal,
and
Maldives
make
negligible
contributions
in
total
T&C
Exports,
our
key
discussion
will
be
about
T
&
C
exports
of
Bangladesh,
India,
Pakistan,
and
Sri
Lanka.
Furthermore,
this
report
does
not
include
good
or
bad
performance
of
these
countries
in
the
trade.
It
merely
gives
a
picture
of
the
performance
in
the
field
of
T&C
clothing
exports
from
1980
to
2012.
The
report
could
have
been
extended
but
due
to
unavailability
of
T&C
exports
data
by
WTO,
we
only
deal
with
the
time
period
from
1980
to
2012.
International
Trade
from
1950-‐2012
WTO
provides
an
overview
of
the
international
trade
from
1948.
According
to
its
collected
data,
the
total
international
exports
of
all
kinds
of
goods
and
services
were
62
Billion
US$
in
1950.
In
the
year
2012,
this
figure
raised
to
staggering
1
mushtaq.mangat@gmail.com
2http://stat.wto.org/Home/WSDBHome.aspx?Language=
data
retrieved
on
June
14,
2013
2. 18,323
billion
US
$.
Over
a
period
of
62
years,
we
have
observed
an
increase
by
approximately
300
times.
The
Table
01
demonstrates
that
China
and
Japan,
those
were
having
an
insignificant
share
in
the
total
exports
in
1950,
succeeded
in
gaining
a
major
share
in
2012.
In
1950,
China
had
total
exports
of
550
million
US
$
(0.89%
in
total
international
exports)
and
in
2012,
it
received
2,048,814
million
US
$,
which
is
11.18%
of
total
international
exports.
Japan,
in
the
same
year
(1950),
was
exporting
goods
and
services
of
825
million
US
$
(1.33%),
and
in
2012,
it
achieved
the
target
of
798,675
million
US
$,
which
is
4.36%
of
the
total
international
exports.
Korea
started
its
exports
in
1955
with
only
32
million
US
$
(0.02%)
and
succeeded
in
exporting
goods
and
services
of
547,
870
million
US
$
in
2012.
On
the
other
hand,
USA
was
exporting
goods
and
services
of
10,282
million
US
$
in
1950
and
having
a
share
of
16.58%
in
international
trade,
lost
its
top
position
in
2012.
Total
exports
from
the
USA
in
2012
were1,
547,283
million
US
$,
which
was
8.44
%
of
total
international
exports.
Table
1
and
2
also
tell
us
that
the
performance
of
the
UK
is
more
alarming.
UK
was
next
for
highest
exports
in
1950
with
6,325
million
US
$
(10.20%)
but
in
2012,
UK
exported
only
goods
and
services
of
468,370
million
US
$,
which
is
2.56%
share
in
the
international
trade.
Turkey
thrived
well
in
increasing
its
share
by
twice
in
the
last
62
years.
It
had
0.43%
share
in
the
international
trade
in
1950
that
soared
to
0.83%
in
2012.
Among
South
Asian
(SA)
countries,
only
Bangladesh
did
well
by
raising
its
share.
It
started
exporting
of
clothing
in
1980
with
759
million
US
$
with
a
share
of
only
0.04%
in
the
international
trade,
but
in
2012,
it
increased
its
share
to
0.1%,
which
shows
250%
growth
over
the
last
32
years.
According
to
the
Table
1
and
2,
the
share
of
India,
Pakistan,
and
Sri
Lanka
has
weakened
in
the
past
62
years.
In
1950,
share
of
India
was
1.85%
(more
than
China
and
Japan)
in
international
trade,
which
reduced
to
1.6%
with
total
exports
of
293,214
million
US
$
worth.
Pakistan
was
enjoying
a
share
of
0.79%
in
1950
(closer
to
China
and
two
times
more
than
Turkey)
and
in
2012,
that
was
only
0.13.
This
shows
that
more
than
six
time
reduction
took
place
in
2012.
The
3. total
exports
of
Pakistan
in
2012
were
worth
24,596
million
US
$.
Same
is
the
case
with
Sri
Lanka
that
had
0.53%
share
in
1950
but
only
0.05%
share
in
2012.
This
brief
account
display
that
overall
performance
of
South
Asian
(SA)
countries
is
not
substantial.
As
we
have
mentioned
earlier
that
due
to
insignificant
share
of
Bhutan,
Maldives
and
Nepal,
our
emphasis
will
be
on
Bangladesh,
India,
Pakistan
and
Sri
Lanka.
Table 1 Export of all kinds of goods and services of some countries
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2005
2012
World
62,000
130,000
317,000
2,034,000
3,449,000
5,164,000
6,456,000
10,503,000
18,323,000
Bangladesh
759
1,671
3,501
6,389
9,297
25,113
China
550
2,571
2,307
18,099
62,091
148,780
249,203
761,953
2,048,814
India
1,145
1,332
2,026
8,586
17,969
30,630
42,379
99,616
293,214
Japan
825
4,055
19,318
130,441
287,581
443,116
479,249
594,941
798,567
Korea,
Republic
of
32
836
17,512
65,016
125,058
172,267
284,419
547,870
Pakistan
489
400
449
2,618
5,615
8,029
9,028
16,051
24,596
Sri
Lanka
328
385
342
1,067
1,912
3,798
5,430
6,347
9,480
Turkey
264
321
588
2,910
12,959
21,637
27,775
73,476
152,537
United
Kingdom
6,325
10,609
19,430
110,134
185,172
237,953
285,425
390,860
468,370
United
States
10,282
20,601
43,241
225,566
393,592
584,743
781,918
901,082
1,547,283
Table 2 Share of different countries in exports of all kinds of goods and services
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2005
2012
Bangladesh
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.10
0.09
0.14
China
0.89
1.98
0.73
0.89
1.80
2.88
3.86
7.25
11.18
India
1.85
1.02
0.64
0.42
0.52
0.59
0.66
0.95
1.60
Japan
1.33
3.12
6.09
6.41
8.34
8.58
7.42
5.66
4.36
Korea,
Republic
of
0.02
0.26
0.86
1.89
2.42
2.67
2.71
2.99
Pakistan
0.79
0.31
0.14
0.13
0.16
0.16
0.14
0.15
0.13
Sri
Lanka
0.53
0.30
0.11
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.06
0.05
Turkey
0.43
0.25
0.19
0.14
0.38
0.42
0.43
0.70
0.83
United
Kingdom
10.20
8.16
6.13
5.41
5.37
4.61
4.42
3.72
2.56
United
States
16.58
15.85
13.64
11.09
11.41
11.32
12.11
8.58
8.44
4.
Figure 1 Share (%) of some selected countries in world exports of all goods and
services in 1950 and 2012
Bangladesh
and
T&C
Exports
Bangladesh
became
an
independent
country
in
1971.
In
1980,
its
clothing
exports
were
only
2
million
US
$
out
of
total
40,590
million
US
$
in
the
global
trade
of
clothing.
We
do
not
see
any
big
change
till
1990
when
clothing
exports
were
643
million
US
$,
which
is
only
0.59
percent,
but
later,
there
is
a
tremendous
growth,
almost
hundred
percent
in
five
years.
In
2012,
Bangladesh
exported
clothing
of
staggering
19,948
million
US
$
worth
and
its
share
reached
4.72%
in
the
clothing
trade,
which
is
four
times
more
than
Pakistan
and
Sri
Lanka,
and
25%
more
than
India.
The
Table
3
and
4
illustrate
growth
between
2005
and
2012.
Such
incredible
achievement
can
be
associated
with
the
end
of
quota
regime
and
duty
free
imports
by
the
EU.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
%
in
total
exports
Share
of
countries
in
world
export
of
goods
and
services
2012
1950
5. Bangladesh
exported
textile
products
of
414
million
US
$
in
1980
and
the
figures
reached
1,634
million
US
$
in
2012.
In
1980,
Bangladesh
had
0.75%
share
in
international
trade
and
in
2012,
its
share
reduced
to
0.54%.
It
is
important
to
note
that
in
1980,
textile
exports
were
higher
than
clothing
exports.
Bangladesh
successfully
substituted
the
products
with
less
value
addition
possibilities
(textile)
with
products
with
higher
value
addition
possibilities
(clothing).
India
and
T&C
Exports
India
exported
clothing
of
worth
673
million
US
$
in
1980.
It
was
six
times
higher
than
the
total
exports
of
SA
countries.
India
played
a
dominant
role
in
clothing
exports
until
2005.
But
facts
and
figures
of
2012
show
that
India
became
the
second
largest
exporter
while
Bangladesh
became
the
largest.
In
1980,
India
had
1.66%
share
in
international
clothing
exports,
whereas
in
2012,
this
share
was
3.27%,
which
is
almost
double
in
31
years.
This
increase
is
the
lowest
among
SA
countries.
It
shows
that
India
could
not
keep
up
its
pace.
It
may
be
due
to
its
interest
in
high-‐tech
products.
We
can
judge
this
decrease
from
Table
01
and
02
that
the
share
of
India
in
world
trade
of
all
sorts
of
merchandize
declined
but
this
reduction
is
less
than
other
SA
countries.
Textile
exports
from
India
have
a
positive
trend.
In
1980,
India
exported
textile
of
1,306
million
US
$
and
in
2012
it
reached
15,274
million
US
$,
which
grew
by
twelve
times.
In
1980,
India
had
2.37%
share
in
total
textile
exports
and
in
2012,
this
share
became
5.35%.
These
figures
reveal
that
India
exported
more
textile
products
of
less
value
addition,
potential
as
compared
to
clothing
that
has
high
value
addition
potential.
7. Pakistan
and
T&C
Exports
Pakistan
exported
clothing
of
worth
103
million
US
$
in
1980.
It
was
slightly
less
than
Sri
Lanka
but
almost
six
times
less
than
total
exports
of
SA
countries.
It
can
be
supposed
that
this
was
the
starting
point
of
Pakistan.
In
1980,
Pakistan
had
a
share
of
0.25
%
in
total
international
clothing
business
with
exports
of
worth103
million
US
$.
In
the
next
10
years
(1980-‐1990),
there
was
a
tremendous
growth
in
clothing
export
of
Pakistan.
The
country
had
0.56
percent
share
of
1985
and
it
was
almost
twice
as
compared
to
its
share
in
1990
(0.94%)
with
total
clothing
export
of
1014
million
US
$.
However,
overall
scenario
suggests
that
this
growth
was
less
than
Bangladesh
and
Sri
Lanka
during
the
same
period.
Clothing
exports
in
1990
were
slightly
less
than
Sri
Lanka,
25%
less
than
Bangladesh,
and
almost
250%
less
than
India.
It
means
that
there
was
a
general
growth
in
the
clothing
business
from
SA
countries,
but
growth
rate
of
Pakistan
was
least
among
SA
countries.
Another
point,
which
we
can
note
from
Table
03
and
04,
is
insignificant
growth
of
Pakistan's
clothing
exports
since
1990.
In
1990,
clothing
exports
share
was
1.00
%
and
it
was
1.10%
in
2012
that
is
hardly
10%
growth
over
21
years.
It
was
quite
less
as
compared
to
global
clothing
exports
growth.
Pakistan's
textile
exports
have
a
positive
trend.
In
1980,
Pakistan
exported
textile
worth
of
876
million
US
$,
(1.59%
share)
which
was
slightly
less
than
India
and
double
in
comparison
with
Bangladesh.
In
1990,
Pakistan
exceeded
India
with
exports
of
2,663
million
US
$
while
India
exported
textiles
of
worth
2,180
million
US
$.
This
was
the
time
when
Bangladesh
started
its
clothing
exports.
In
2012,
after
a
struggle
of
32
years
from
1980
to
2012,
Pakistan
exported
textile
goods
of
8,705
million
US
$
with
3.05%
share
in
the
international
textile
business.
The
data
reveal
that
Pakistan
preferred
to
export
textile
products,
which
have
less
value
addition
potential
as
compared
to
clothing.
India
also
has
the
similar
story,
but
the
difference
is
that
India
shifted
her
focus
to
manufacturing
and
exporting
high
tech
products
while
Pakistan
did
not
add
any
high
tech
product
in
her
exports.
8. Sri
Lanka
and
T&C
Exports
Sri
Lanka
had
clothing
exports
of
109
million
US
$
in
1980,
0.27%
share
in
world
exports
of
clothing.
It
was
much
higher
than
Bangladesh
and
slightly
more
than
Pakistan.
Even
in
1985,
clothing
exports
of
Sri
Lanka
were
higher
than
Pakistan
and
Bangladesh
but
in
1990,
it
was
exporting
less
than
both
the
countries.
In
2012,
Sri
Lanka
exported
4,005
million
US
$,
which
was
0.95%
of
total
international
clothing
exports.
It
is
slightly
less
than
Pakistan,
four
times
less
than
Bangladesh,
and
nearly
3
times
less
than
India.
We
witness
more
ups
and
downs
in
Sri
Lanka's
clothing
exports
in
the
last
31
years.
It
may
be
due
to
the
political
instability
of
the
country.
The
data
shows
that
overall
growth
in
clothing
exports
of
Sri
Lanka
is
less
than
Bangladesh
and
India
while
that
is
little
more
than
Pakistan.
Between
the
years
2000-‐2005,
there
was
no
significant
growth.
However,
we
observe
a
substantial
growth
over
2005.
It
might
be
due
to
lifting
import
quotas
by
importing
countries.
It
is
expected
that
if
this
trend
continues
over
the
next
decade,
Sri
Lanka
will
achieve
a
significant
share
in
clothing
exports.
Textile
exports
from
Sri
Lanka
are
very
low.
It
was
few
million
US
$
in
1980
and
in
2012,
it
had
only
226
million
US
$
exports
of
textile,
which
is
less
than
0.08%
share
in
total
international
textile
exports.
It
can
be
inferred
from
the
data
that
Sri
Lanka
is
not
mainly
relying
on
textile
exports.
Her
focus
is
clothing
exports,
which
is
a
good
indicator
for
the
economy
of
a
developing
country
like
Sri
Lanka.
Summary
In
1950,
USA
and
UK
were
leading
exporters.
After
the
end
of
WWII,
many
wars
struck
countries
and
newly
emerged
countries
started
contributing
in
the
international
trade.
Most
of
them
surpassed
many
developed
countries
and
the
current
statistics
of
international
trade
show
that
there
is
a
shift
in
this
trade
from
developing
countries
to
under-‐developed
world.
Nevertheless,
developed
countries
are
striving
hard
to
maintain
their
share.
9. The
initial
phase
of
SA
exports
was
similar
to
that
of
China,
Japan,
Korea
and
Turkey.
But
over
a
period
of
62
years,
there
is
a
big
gap
between
the
economic
situation
of
SA
countries
and
China,
Japan,
Korea,
and
Turkey.
The
economic
situation
of
SA
countries
is
not
different
as
compared
to
1950s.
It
shows
that
SA
countries
could
not
keep
pace
with
international
players.
We
have
randomly
chosen
countries
as
examples
to
compare.
The
overall
performance
of
SA
countries
is
much
less
when
we
compare
their
performance
with
developed
countries.
Studies
of
2012
reveal
that
the
share
of
SA
countries
was
less
in
international
trade
as
compared
to
their
share
in
1950.
Among
SA
countries,
Bangladesh
has
the
highest
growth
rate
in
clothing.
Bangladesh
started
its
exports
in
1980s
and
surpassed
all
other
SA
countries
and
finally
established
a
sound
share
in
the
international
trade.
India
and
Pakistan
have
no
significant
growth
in
clothing
exports.
Their
focus
remained
on
textile
exports.
Figure 2Clothing Exports from 1980 to 2011 from SA Countries
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2012
Exports
US
$
Million
Years
Clothing
Exports
from
SA
Bangladesh
India
Pakistan
Sri
Lanka
10.
Figure 3 Textile Exports from 1980 to 2011 from SA Countries
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2012
Exports
US
$
Million
Year
Textile
Exports
US
$
Millions
Bangladesh
India
Pakistan
Sri
Lanka