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1. Johannes Kepler
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ME AND … WILL TALK ABOUT JOHANNES KEPLER :)
Johannes Kepler was born on the 27th of December 1571 iN
Weil der Stadt in Germany. He later died on the 15th of
November 1630 in Regensburg in Germany. Kepler’s grave
in Regensburg got destroyed 1632 by the swedish army
during the 30 year war. Kepler has an asteroid named after
him which is called 1134 Kepler.
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Now we will talk about what inventions he made and
different discoveries he is famous for.
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Johannes Kepler invented the keplerian telescope only 3
years after the first telescope which was created by Hans
Lippershey and it was created only 2 years after the Galilean
telescope.
Since Kepler lived during the time of Galileo and Hans, he
heard the news about some kind of telescope being made
quickly. So he instantly began to experiment with lenses and
telescopes. But 1611 Kepler finally made one by himself but
to be honest… It had some pros-and cons.
It was not the best telescope because you would see
everything upside down which was not very convenient
unlike the Galilean telescope where you saw everything the

2. right way. But Keplerian telescope was famous for its ability
to reach much higher magnification levels than the Galilean
telescope but it demanded significant increase of the
BRÄNNVIDD between the lenses so some telescopes had to
be very big. But this problem was solved by the Englishman
namen Chester Moore Hall.
Since Kepler worked a lot with different type of lenses he
also created the first glasses that could be used for both near
and farsighted people, he is not very famous for this
invention because the first pair of glasses was made by a
man from Italy but his glasses could only be used for
nearsighted people.
So Kepler helped a lot of people with this discovery or
invention if you will, it could be used by a lot people who had
problems with their sight unlike the first type of glasses that
were created 1200 (twelve-hundred).
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Bild 4. Kepler made some important discoveries about the
movement of the planets, but his discoveries would not have
been possible if he he did not use the data from Tycho
Brahe. Kepler and Brahe worked together but Brahe died
after one year. Kepler also stole all the information from
brahe after his death and that is why he is accused poisoning
Brahe and that is how he was able to complete the all the
work the Brahe started.
So what kepler did was that he discovered that all the planet
orbits and elliptical which means that they are oval shaped
and not round. He also found out that the planet sweeps over

3. the same amount area during the same amount of time. He
was able to make these discoveries with the help of Brahe’s
information. But kepler actually found out the 3rd law by
himself. The 3rd law is about how fast the planets move
depending on their location in their orbit. For example if a
planet is far away from the sun it will cover a big area in a
short distance but if it is further away it will cover the same
amount if area with the same amount of time but it the
planet has to travel a much longer distance. So basically the
planets move faster if they are further aways from the sun
than if they were closer.
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Kepler had a lot of different jobs, he worked as a
mathematician, physicist and as an astronomer, he also
studied to become a priest but that did never happen.
He followed Tycho Brahe’s footsteps and became an
Imperial mathematician in Prague. But before this happen
he was forced to go to a priest seminary in Maulbronn, his
parents thought that he would become a priest but he did not
like it so stopped studying to become a priest. He became a
math professor in the city named Graz. It was actually here
he first started to work as an astronomer as well.
Due to religious problems in Graz, Kepler was forced to
leave the city in 1599 and was appointed the following year
by Tycho Brahe to assist in his astronomical work in Prague.
When Tycho Brahe died in 1601, Kepler followed up his

4. work and finished it, and later he lived and taught out to
students for a couple of years in Linz. In 1619 he wrote
Harmonia Mundi, in which he described, the relationship
between the orbits of the planet and the length of their paths.
So as you hear, kepler was a busy man that spent a lot of his
time on trying to understand the world.
That is all for us and thank you for listening!
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Kepler var en tysk astronom, matematiker, mystiker och
fysiker. Han efterträdde Tycho Brahe som kejserlig
matematiker i Prag år 1601. När Kepler var ung skickades
han till prästseminariet i Maulbronn. Hans föräldrar hade
tänkt att han skulle utbilda sig till präst, men så blev det inte.
Kepler började studera vid universitet i Tübingen 1589. Här
blev han inspirerad av matematikprofessorn Michael
Maestlin som var anhängare av den heliocentriska
världsbilden som utformades av Nicolaus Copernicus i
början på 1500-talet. 1591 tog han sin akademiska
grundexamen och började sina studier för att bli präst. År
1594 började han själv arbeta som matematikprofessor i
Graz. Här skrev han 1596 sitt första astronomi arbete, Det
kosmografiska mysteriet, där han försökte förklara sfärerna
för Merkurius, Venus, Jorden, Mars, Jupiter och Saturnus.
På grund av religiösa oroligheter i Graz blev Kepler tvungen
att lämna staden 1599 och utsågs året därefter av Tycho
Brahe till medhjälpare i hans astronomiska arbeten i Prag.

5. Då Tycho Brahe dog 1601 efterträdde Kepler Brahe, och
senare bodde och undervisade han (1612–1626) i Linz. År
1619 skrev han Harmonia mundi (världens harmonin), där
han bland annat beskrev sambandet mellan planeternas
omloppstider och längden på deras banor. I boken kan man
även läsa om hans felaktiga (men estetiskt tilltalande) teori
om att planetsystemet i sina rörelser och proportioner skulle
återspegla musikaliska harmonier.
I oktober 1604 syntes en helt ny skinande stjärna på himlen,
en av de tre supernovor man observerat i Vintergatan de
senaste tusen åren. En elev gjorde Kepler uppmärksam på
stjärnan och Kepler skrev en bok om den. Sannolikt tack vare
boken blev Kepler ansedd som upptäckare och supernovan fick namnet
Keplers stjärna.