Testing Power Electronics-por-eng-Rev000.pptx

Created by: Bruno Menezes
Translated by: Adam Sheppard – 2012-11-12
Testing Power Electronics

© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.
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Index
Power Electronics in Use
Diodes
Thyristor
IGBT
Bridge Rectifier

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WARNING
• Follow “ Safety instructions for work in and around WECs”.
BA_bl_1001 Health and safety regulations (Work at and on ENERCON WECs ger-eng)

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Power Semiconducting Devices
 Integrated Modules
 Discrete Devices

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Diode
 The diode is a unidirectional
component ie only conducts in one
direction (when the anode is at a
positive potential with respect to
cathode).
 A diode when forward biased PN
junction conducts because in the
neutral zone or depletion zone (zone
without electrical charge carriers)
close the electrical resistance
decreases and the electric current
passes.

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Diode
The verification of semiconductor PN junction can be done with the multimeter. This
type of test is to verify whether diodes have their normal characteristics.
+
-

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Diode
To perform measurements on the components
is important that the component is not in
circuit, the measurement of components in the
circuit can be misleading, because in addition
to measuring the component values are
measured in conjunction with all components
connected to the component.
_

A K
+
Forward Bias:
Reversed Bias

A K
+
_
R  (Good)
R  Or (Open Circuit)
R =  in Silicon or ~100 K in Germanium
R  (Diode is Defective)
+
-

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Diode

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Diode
Power Diode

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Diodes – Applications
 Excitation Cabinet (Protection)
 Power Cabinets (Bypass)
 Yaw Inverter Cabinet (Bridge Rectifier)
 …

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Thyrister
To check a thyrister, we can connect a multi-meter on PN junctions of the
thyrister and the results should be an infinite resistance. The orientation of the
leads do not matter because the gate has not been triggered.
R = 
The thyristor will conduct current from the anode to the cathode when given a pulse at the
gate of sufficient duration and current.

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Thyrister
If we measure the resistance between the gate and the anode the result should
be infinite (or close enough to it). The orientation of the leads does not matter
here.
R = 25 MOhms

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Thyrister
We can make a approximate confirmation of the gate by applying a test identical
to the gate and cathode terminals. If we apply a forward bias (positive gate and
cathode negative) indicated by the multimeter the resistance should be low. If
instead inversely polarize (Gate negative and positive cathode) resistance
indicated by the multimeter should be high.
R  (bom) ~ 7 Ohm
Forward Bias: Reversed Bias:
R  (bom) ~ 7 Ohm

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Thyristor

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Thyristor
Use the following technique with a multimeter to test the PN ( ) junction on the
thyristor.
First, connect the positive lead to the anode and the negative lead to the
cathode.
Then place a wire short-circuiting the gate terminal with the anode.
This should result in the resistance going from a high value, to a very low value
when the short is applied.

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Thyristor
 Even after the short between the gate
and the anode has been removed the
resistance between the anode and
cathode should remain small (close to 0Ω)
 If a lead has been removed from either
the anode or cathode, and then reapplied.
The resistance will be that of an open
circuit.

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Thyristor Modules
Thyristor

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Thyristor - Applications
 Rectifier
 …

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IGBT - Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor.
 IGBT is an acronym for Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor
 An IGBT is half FET (Field Effect Transistor – for the control input) and half bipolar
power transistor (for a switch). The IGBTs combine the advantages of both
components and therefore can be used to control power devices, and is mainly
found in industrial applications.
 IGBTs are mainly used in industrial machines, power inverters, and other high
powered machines. They work well in situation where it is required to control high
currents and voltage.
 IGBTs will always be mounted on heat sinks.

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+(3)
- (2)
~(1)
upper
switch
2UA
~ (1) C2 E1
+ (3) C1
- (2) E
G2
lower switch
3UA
~ (1)
+ (3)
- (2)
Gat
e
IGBT
E2G2

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+(3)
- (2)
~(1)
Test with a multimeter
The resistance between the gate and the other terminals must be very high.
Same for the resistance between the Emitter and Collector.
R 
R 
G2
Emitter
Collecter
Gate

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The PCBs are responsible for converting the optical signal from the inverter control to an
electrical signal. The PCBs are monitored by the inverter control
PCB
L1 + L1 -
DC link
Output
The PCB is also monitoring the temperatures of the IGBTs. The temperature sensor is
between the IGBTs. Each PCB controls two driving IGBTs.

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IGBT Modules

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IGBT - Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor - Applications
 Excitation Circuit ( Rotor Excitation Control)
 Power Cabinet (Inverter)
 Yaw Inverter Cabinet (Inverter)
 Box Pitch (Pitch Motor Control)
 …

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Bridge Rectifier
IGBT Transistor
Module
Three Phase
Rectifier Module
Temperature
Sensor
Terminal
Links
Fan
E40 Excitation Module
Three Phase Rectifier Module

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Bridge Rectifier
Testing with a mutlimeter
Attach the positive lead on the negative terminal (-) and slide the black lead to
each terminal of rectifier (~). The resistance measured should be very high.
+
-
~
~
~

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Bridge Rectifier
Testing with a Multimeter
Attach the black lead on the positive terminal and then touch the red lead to the
input terminals of the rectifier. Once again, the resistance should be very high.
+
-
~
~
~

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Bridge Rectifier

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Bridge Rectifier - Applications
 Excitation Circuit – Rotor Excitation
 Box Pitch (Adjustment – Power Pitch Motors)
 Pitch Power Board (Adjustment – Pitch Brakes Power)
 Yaw Motors (Adjustment – Motor Brake Power)
 …

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31
Imprint
Publisher:
ENERCON GmbH ▪ Dreekamp 5 ▪ 26605 Aurich ▪ Germany
Phone: +49 4941-927-0 ▪ Fax: +49 4941-927-109
Copyright:
© ENERCON GmbH. Any reproduction, distribution and utilisation of this document as well as the communication of its contents to third parties without express
authorisation is prohibited. Violators will be held liable for monetary damages. All rights reserved in the event of the grant of a patent, utility model or design.
Content subject to change:
ENERCON GmbH reserves the right to change, improve and expand this document and the subject matter described herein at any time without prior notice.

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