Slides used in Agile Testing Conference hosted by KnowledgeHut in Pune, India in March 2017.
The slides talk about the Testing Challenge posed by Machine Learning applications and some suggested approaches to point us in the right direction
This document discusses using a genetic algorithm to develop a machine learning model for predicting fault-prone software classes. It begins by introducing software reliability and fault prediction. It then explains that a genetic algorithm is a search technique that evaluates potential solutions, keeps the best ones, and generates new solutions iteratively. The algorithm uses software metrics like coupling, cohesion, inheritance, and size as inputs to classify classes as faulty or fault-free with 80.14% accuracy, helping to identify areas for improvement.
Automation in the Bug Flow - Machine Learning for Triaging and TracingMarkus Borg
Issue management is a costly part of software development. In large projects, the continuous inflow of issue reports contributes to the information overload in a project, i.e., "a state where individuals do not have time or capacity to process all available information". In issue triaging, an initial step in issue management, a developer must be able to overview existing issue reports and easily navigate the software engineering project landscape. In this presentation, we present support for two work tasks involved in issue management: 1) issue assignment and 2) change impact analysis. We use machine learning to harness the ever-growing number of issue reports, by training recommendation systems on previous issues. Our industrial evaluations on 50,000+ issue reports in two large software development organizations indicate that automated issue assignment performs in line with current manual work. Moreover, we present how traceability from already resolved issue reports to various artifacts can be reused to jump start change impact analyses for newly submitted issues. Finally, we speculate on future ways to tame information overload into helpful software engineering recommendations.
This document discusses how machine learning can be applied to various activities in software testing. It describes how machine learning works using training and test data to make predictions. Supervised and unsupervised learning techniques are discussed. Specific applications mentioned include software defect prediction, test planning, test case management, debugging, and refining blackbox test specifications. Challenges include availability of past data and finding predictable patterns, while potential steps forward include expanding machine learning to more blackbox techniques, identifying the right patterns for different test activities, algorithm analysis, and crowdsourcing.
This document discusses using parallel_calabash to run automated tests in parallel to speed up test execution time. It describes how parallel_calabash works by grouping test features, spawning multiple processes across devices, and summarizing results. Running tests in parallel utilizes multiple CPU cores and significantly reduces test feedback time from over an hour to under 15 minutes, allowing for faster development cycles.
Decreasing false positives in automated testingSauce Labs
QASource presented on reducing false positives in automated testing. Some key points:
1. False positives occur when tests are incorrectly marked as failed when they should have passed. Common causes include reliance on UI elements, synchronization issues, and unstable test code.
2. False positives can impact automation by wasting time investigating failures, decreasing productivity, and obscuring real bugs.
3. Strategies to reduce false positives include using stable locators, short independent tests, dynamic synchronization, teardown logic, and re-execution of failed tests.
4. Eliminating false positives leads to more certainty in test results and reduced costs of automation.
Working in many companies as consultant, delivery manager or tech lead I have always seen the same mistakes made in test automation process. I could count successful cases on fingers of one hand. Sometimes people don’t understand the true value of test automation, sometimes just could not organize this process spending lots of money and time without any significant result. I want to share 5 top mistakes aggregated from whole my practice and solutions I recommend for them.
The document discusses challenges faced by companies with both in-house and outsourced software testing. It introduces predictive analytics as a solution to address common challenges like managing multiple releases and tools, measuring productivity, and generating customized reports. Predictive analytics uses models to analyze test data and predict issues, risks, delays and determine how to optimize testing. Integrating predictive analytics into a testing framework can help reduce costs, improve quality and make better decisions.
Gamification in outsourcing company: experience report.Mikalai Alimenkou
Most of us used to hear word gamification only for end user engagement into product usage. Some of us know about usage of similar approaches in product development teams to improve and tune development process. But almost nobody believes that gamification is possible in the context of outsourcing companies and teams. This talk is experience report of gamification usage on very large project with detailed reusable framework demonstration. If you want to bring some fun and really engage your team, then this talk is for you.
This document discusses using a genetic algorithm to develop a machine learning model for predicting fault-prone software classes. It begins by introducing software reliability and fault prediction. It then explains that a genetic algorithm is a search technique that evaluates potential solutions, keeps the best ones, and generates new solutions iteratively. The algorithm uses software metrics like coupling, cohesion, inheritance, and size as inputs to classify classes as faulty or fault-free with 80.14% accuracy, helping to identify areas for improvement.
Automation in the Bug Flow - Machine Learning for Triaging and TracingMarkus Borg
Issue management is a costly part of software development. In large projects, the continuous inflow of issue reports contributes to the information overload in a project, i.e., "a state where individuals do not have time or capacity to process all available information". In issue triaging, an initial step in issue management, a developer must be able to overview existing issue reports and easily navigate the software engineering project landscape. In this presentation, we present support for two work tasks involved in issue management: 1) issue assignment and 2) change impact analysis. We use machine learning to harness the ever-growing number of issue reports, by training recommendation systems on previous issues. Our industrial evaluations on 50,000+ issue reports in two large software development organizations indicate that automated issue assignment performs in line with current manual work. Moreover, we present how traceability from already resolved issue reports to various artifacts can be reused to jump start change impact analyses for newly submitted issues. Finally, we speculate on future ways to tame information overload into helpful software engineering recommendations.
This document discusses how machine learning can be applied to various activities in software testing. It describes how machine learning works using training and test data to make predictions. Supervised and unsupervised learning techniques are discussed. Specific applications mentioned include software defect prediction, test planning, test case management, debugging, and refining blackbox test specifications. Challenges include availability of past data and finding predictable patterns, while potential steps forward include expanding machine learning to more blackbox techniques, identifying the right patterns for different test activities, algorithm analysis, and crowdsourcing.
This document discusses using parallel_calabash to run automated tests in parallel to speed up test execution time. It describes how parallel_calabash works by grouping test features, spawning multiple processes across devices, and summarizing results. Running tests in parallel utilizes multiple CPU cores and significantly reduces test feedback time from over an hour to under 15 minutes, allowing for faster development cycles.
Decreasing false positives in automated testingSauce Labs
QASource presented on reducing false positives in automated testing. Some key points:
1. False positives occur when tests are incorrectly marked as failed when they should have passed. Common causes include reliance on UI elements, synchronization issues, and unstable test code.
2. False positives can impact automation by wasting time investigating failures, decreasing productivity, and obscuring real bugs.
3. Strategies to reduce false positives include using stable locators, short independent tests, dynamic synchronization, teardown logic, and re-execution of failed tests.
4. Eliminating false positives leads to more certainty in test results and reduced costs of automation.
Working in many companies as consultant, delivery manager or tech lead I have always seen the same mistakes made in test automation process. I could count successful cases on fingers of one hand. Sometimes people don’t understand the true value of test automation, sometimes just could not organize this process spending lots of money and time without any significant result. I want to share 5 top mistakes aggregated from whole my practice and solutions I recommend for them.
The document discusses challenges faced by companies with both in-house and outsourced software testing. It introduces predictive analytics as a solution to address common challenges like managing multiple releases and tools, measuring productivity, and generating customized reports. Predictive analytics uses models to analyze test data and predict issues, risks, delays and determine how to optimize testing. Integrating predictive analytics into a testing framework can help reduce costs, improve quality and make better decisions.
Gamification in outsourcing company: experience report.Mikalai Alimenkou
Most of us used to hear word gamification only for end user engagement into product usage. Some of us know about usage of similar approaches in product development teams to improve and tune development process. But almost nobody believes that gamification is possible in the context of outsourcing companies and teams. This talk is experience report of gamification usage on very large project with detailed reusable framework demonstration. If you want to bring some fun and really engage your team, then this talk is for you.
The document discusses regression testing, including its definition, benefits, when it should be applied, types, techniques, challenges and best practices. Regression testing involves re-running all tests to ensure new code changes have not introduced new bugs or caused existing bugs to reappear. It helps find bugs early, increases chances of detecting bugs, ensures correctness and that fixed issues do not occur again.
Testing Metrics - Making your tests visibleAlper Mermer
This document discusses the importance of testing metrics and recommends several metrics that should be tracked. It recommends tracking individual service performance, scenarios run in each build, security warnings, test coverage, code quality metrics, number of tests and test run time, defects by priority, number of defects from production, defects by module, and mean time between build failures. The document emphasizes that metrics help make testing trends visible, improve ownership and prevent issues, but not all metrics are needed for every project and metrics should help rather than replace human judgment.
Most frequently we are using words “testing” and “tester” when talk about product quality. But does testing or tester role affect quality? The eternal struggle between QC and QA… Yes, I’m almost sure you understand this, but why nothing is changed in most of teams? Because we need mind shift in our heads and more global changes in QA processes. Who QA engineers are and what are their responsibilities, activities, duties in modern development world? What options do they have to affect product quality and improve it if developers are responsible for product development? In this talk I will try to find detailed practical answers to all these questions. Let’s change development world together!
1) The document discusses common pitfalls of test automation and provides recommendations to avoid them. It identifies pitfalls such as automating everything without prioritization, viewing automation as solely the tester's responsibility, being overly reliant on automation tools, treating test code as less important, and having unrealistic expectations of return on investment.
2) The recommendations are to prioritize what to automate based on risk and value, involve the whole team in automation, select the right tools for the job with critical thinking, follow good coding practices for test code, and take a long term and realistic view of the costs and benefits of automation.
3) The key takeaway is that automation requires investment of time and resources, but can
Top 5 pitfalls of software test automatiionekatechserv
Automating tests is important to detect and fix defects early in the development cycle, which can be 100 times cheaper than fixing bugs after release. Automated tests allow bugs to be spotted and fixed early. While automation provides benefits like reduced costs, there are pitfalls to avoid like relying solely on automation for all testing needs, requiring extensive coding, producing false positives, and attempting to replace human testers. Key is using automation to aid, not replace, testers in executing tests efficiently.
This document describes visual regression testing, which compares the visual output of software to detect changes. It introduces the Antenna House Regression Testing System (AHRTS), a tool that automatically compares PDF output documents on a pixel-by-pixel level to test for regressions in new releases of Antenna House Formatter software. AHRTS addresses challenges with manual visual regression testing by offering high-speed performance on large document sets and generating detailed reports on any differences found. The automated approach significantly reduces testing time and effort while improving accuracy and reliability over manual methods.
End-to-End Test Automation for Both Horizontal and Vertical ScaleErdem YILDIRIM
Slides from my talk at Selenium Camp Test Automation Conference - 2017
https://seleniumcamp.com/talk/end-to-end-test-automation-for-both-horizontal-and-vertical-scale/
Test automation (TA) activity has become a key critical work to guarantee the quality of system under test (SUT) by driving test and also development effort effectively. To bring this efficiency to projects, companies are investing on TA projects in a more motivated way. The question here is how we should design the automation strategy to handle complex TA projects together effectively. It can be done by automating test scenarios as E2E (end to end). Vertical E2E TA consists of; automating Test Data Preparation Phase and Unit, Integration and UI tests. For horizontal E2E TA; UI and Integration test cases, which are automated, designed as integrated real user scenarios. I will tell about the prerequisites, principles and key factors to have E2E automated tests. And also I will share hands on experienced E2E test automation projects that Selenium was the key tool.
Regression testing is important to ensure new software changes do not break existing functionality. Automating regression testing helps manage the large number of test cases needed and speeds up release cycles. Key aspects of managing regression include establishing a baseline, comparing new results to the baseline, debugging failures efficiently, and automating testing processes to reduce human effort and testing time.
It Seemed a Good Idea at the Time: Intelligent Mistakes in Test AutomationTechWell
Some test automation ideas seem very sensible at first glance but contain pitfalls and problems that can and should be avoided. Dot Graham describes five of these “intelligent mistakes”—1. Automated tests will find more bugs quicker. (Automation doesn’t find bugs, tests do.) 2. Spending a lot on a tool must guarantee great benefits. (Good automation does not come “out of the box” and is not automatic.) 3. Let’s automate all of our manual tests. (This may not give you better or faster testing, and you will miss out on some benefits.) 4. Tools are expensive so we have to show a return on investment. (This is not only surprisingly difficult but may actually be harmful.) 5. Because they are called “testing tools,” they must be tools for testers to use. (Making testers become test automators may be damaging to both testing and automation.) Join Dot for a rousing discussion of “intelligent mistakes”—so you can be smart enough to avoid them.
Defect root cause analysis, Андрей ТитаренкоSigma Software
This document outlines a process for defect root cause analysis with the following goals:
1) Control defect costs and delivery through early defect elimination to save budget.
2) Contract with the team to map potential defects to root causes and SDLC phases.
3) Mine data to accurately define defect root causes and focus on solving real problems by adjusting team process and prevention strategies, then monitoring progress to ensure effectiveness.
The document discusses effective test automation practices in an agile environment. It outlines the benefits of automated testing such as early feedback, safety net for manual tests, and ability to run tests unattended. It presents success stories from companies like Google, Ebay, Facebook, and Amazon on their extensive use of automated testing. The document also covers test automation techniques like the test pyramid, WSO2's test automation framework, continuous integration, and continuous delivery. It emphasizes the importance of selecting the right tools, processes, and team for successful test automation.
This document discusses end-to-end testing and why it is important for complex modern software systems with multiple interconnected subsystems. End-to-end testing ensures that all subsystems work together as expected by testing user journeys that trigger actions across systems. It recommends planning end-to-end test cases that think through scenarios from start to finish and avoid adding unnecessary tests. Automating end-to-end test cases is difficult but valuable as it can catch issues that arise from system interactions.
The document discusses how to make automation an asset to software testing organizations by outlining the advantages and disadvantages of manual versus automated testing, providing examples of what types of tests are best suited for automation, and describing best practices for developing an effective test automation process and addressing common myths about automation. It emphasizes that automation can increase testing efficiency and coverage but requires proper planning, resources, and maintenance to be successful.
Many organizations never achieve the significant benefits that are promised from automated test execution. Surprisingly often, this is due not to technical factors but to management issues, especially at system testing level. Surprisingly often, this is due not to technical factors but to management issues. Dot Graham describes the most important management concerns the test manager must address for test automation success, and helps you understand and choose the best approaches for your organization—no matter which automation tools you use or your current state of automation. Dot explains how automation affects staffing, who should be responsible for which automation tasks, how managers can best support automation efforts leading to success, and why return on investment can be dangerous and what you can realistically expect. Dot also reviews a few key technical issues that can make or break the automation effort. Come away with an example set of automation objectives and measures, and a draft test automation strategy that you can use to plan or improve your own automation.
Regression testing is retesting software after changes to ensure bugs have not been introduced or detected. It has the objectives of checking that bugs have been addressed, testing related areas that could be affected, and achieving a bug-free system. Strategies for regression testing include retesting all tests, selecting some tests to rerun based on areas affected by changes, and prioritizing test cases based on business impact and importance. An effective regression strategy can save organizations time and money by automating regression testing.
This document provides information about an ISTQB Advanced Test Manager training course. The 4-day course will cover: (1) ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level certification and test processes; (2) test life cycles like V-Model and agile and activities like reviews and defect reporting; (3) team composition; and (4) defect management and test process improvement. The course is intended for test engineers, software engineers, testers, and quality assurance professionals seeking ISTQB Advanced Test Manager certification.
This document discusses how automation is changing the testing scene by reducing challenges in manual testing. It introduces CloudTestr, an automated testing platform, and how it can reduce testing time from weeks to days through features like integrated test management, scheduled execution, and remote testing. An accelerated testing methodology is outlined involving test strategy, execution, defect management, and release. FAVExpress is introduced as a way to generate test cases based on requirements.
Crawl Walk and Run to Continuous DeliveryDavid Batten
Over the course of 15+ years in software development, I've learned quite a bit about automating software delivery. Looking back, I realized that I've been performing Continuous Delivery in one form, or another, for most of that time. Let's take a few minutes to talk about how Continuous Delivery can help teams of all sizes get software into customers' hands faster for tighter, more effective feedback loops. It's all about the automation!
This document discusses Kanban, an agile project management method. It mentions that Kanban focuses on limiting work-in-progress to avoid bottlenecks and encourage continuous flow. The document also provides a visual example of a Kanban board with columns for backlog, development, testing, and deployment stages of a project.
"Configure once, deploy anywhere" is one of the most sought-after enterprise operations requirements. Large-scale IT shops want to keep the flexibility of using on-premises and cloud environments simultaneously while maintaining the monolithic custom, complex deployment workflows and operations. This session brings together several hybrid enterprise requirements and compares orchestration and deployment models in depth without a vendor pitch or a bias. This session outlines several key factors to consider from the point of view of a large-scale real IT shop executive. Since each IT shop is unique, this session compares strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and the risks of each model and then helps participants create new hybrid orchestration and deployment options for the hybrid enterprise environments.
The document discusses regression testing, including its definition, benefits, when it should be applied, types, techniques, challenges and best practices. Regression testing involves re-running all tests to ensure new code changes have not introduced new bugs or caused existing bugs to reappear. It helps find bugs early, increases chances of detecting bugs, ensures correctness and that fixed issues do not occur again.
Testing Metrics - Making your tests visibleAlper Mermer
This document discusses the importance of testing metrics and recommends several metrics that should be tracked. It recommends tracking individual service performance, scenarios run in each build, security warnings, test coverage, code quality metrics, number of tests and test run time, defects by priority, number of defects from production, defects by module, and mean time between build failures. The document emphasizes that metrics help make testing trends visible, improve ownership and prevent issues, but not all metrics are needed for every project and metrics should help rather than replace human judgment.
Most frequently we are using words “testing” and “tester” when talk about product quality. But does testing or tester role affect quality? The eternal struggle between QC and QA… Yes, I’m almost sure you understand this, but why nothing is changed in most of teams? Because we need mind shift in our heads and more global changes in QA processes. Who QA engineers are and what are their responsibilities, activities, duties in modern development world? What options do they have to affect product quality and improve it if developers are responsible for product development? In this talk I will try to find detailed practical answers to all these questions. Let’s change development world together!
1) The document discusses common pitfalls of test automation and provides recommendations to avoid them. It identifies pitfalls such as automating everything without prioritization, viewing automation as solely the tester's responsibility, being overly reliant on automation tools, treating test code as less important, and having unrealistic expectations of return on investment.
2) The recommendations are to prioritize what to automate based on risk and value, involve the whole team in automation, select the right tools for the job with critical thinking, follow good coding practices for test code, and take a long term and realistic view of the costs and benefits of automation.
3) The key takeaway is that automation requires investment of time and resources, but can
Top 5 pitfalls of software test automatiionekatechserv
Automating tests is important to detect and fix defects early in the development cycle, which can be 100 times cheaper than fixing bugs after release. Automated tests allow bugs to be spotted and fixed early. While automation provides benefits like reduced costs, there are pitfalls to avoid like relying solely on automation for all testing needs, requiring extensive coding, producing false positives, and attempting to replace human testers. Key is using automation to aid, not replace, testers in executing tests efficiently.
This document describes visual regression testing, which compares the visual output of software to detect changes. It introduces the Antenna House Regression Testing System (AHRTS), a tool that automatically compares PDF output documents on a pixel-by-pixel level to test for regressions in new releases of Antenna House Formatter software. AHRTS addresses challenges with manual visual regression testing by offering high-speed performance on large document sets and generating detailed reports on any differences found. The automated approach significantly reduces testing time and effort while improving accuracy and reliability over manual methods.
End-to-End Test Automation for Both Horizontal and Vertical ScaleErdem YILDIRIM
Slides from my talk at Selenium Camp Test Automation Conference - 2017
https://seleniumcamp.com/talk/end-to-end-test-automation-for-both-horizontal-and-vertical-scale/
Test automation (TA) activity has become a key critical work to guarantee the quality of system under test (SUT) by driving test and also development effort effectively. To bring this efficiency to projects, companies are investing on TA projects in a more motivated way. The question here is how we should design the automation strategy to handle complex TA projects together effectively. It can be done by automating test scenarios as E2E (end to end). Vertical E2E TA consists of; automating Test Data Preparation Phase and Unit, Integration and UI tests. For horizontal E2E TA; UI and Integration test cases, which are automated, designed as integrated real user scenarios. I will tell about the prerequisites, principles and key factors to have E2E automated tests. And also I will share hands on experienced E2E test automation projects that Selenium was the key tool.
Regression testing is important to ensure new software changes do not break existing functionality. Automating regression testing helps manage the large number of test cases needed and speeds up release cycles. Key aspects of managing regression include establishing a baseline, comparing new results to the baseline, debugging failures efficiently, and automating testing processes to reduce human effort and testing time.
It Seemed a Good Idea at the Time: Intelligent Mistakes in Test AutomationTechWell
Some test automation ideas seem very sensible at first glance but contain pitfalls and problems that can and should be avoided. Dot Graham describes five of these “intelligent mistakes”—1. Automated tests will find more bugs quicker. (Automation doesn’t find bugs, tests do.) 2. Spending a lot on a tool must guarantee great benefits. (Good automation does not come “out of the box” and is not automatic.) 3. Let’s automate all of our manual tests. (This may not give you better or faster testing, and you will miss out on some benefits.) 4. Tools are expensive so we have to show a return on investment. (This is not only surprisingly difficult but may actually be harmful.) 5. Because they are called “testing tools,” they must be tools for testers to use. (Making testers become test automators may be damaging to both testing and automation.) Join Dot for a rousing discussion of “intelligent mistakes”—so you can be smart enough to avoid them.
Defect root cause analysis, Андрей ТитаренкоSigma Software
This document outlines a process for defect root cause analysis with the following goals:
1) Control defect costs and delivery through early defect elimination to save budget.
2) Contract with the team to map potential defects to root causes and SDLC phases.
3) Mine data to accurately define defect root causes and focus on solving real problems by adjusting team process and prevention strategies, then monitoring progress to ensure effectiveness.
The document discusses effective test automation practices in an agile environment. It outlines the benefits of automated testing such as early feedback, safety net for manual tests, and ability to run tests unattended. It presents success stories from companies like Google, Ebay, Facebook, and Amazon on their extensive use of automated testing. The document also covers test automation techniques like the test pyramid, WSO2's test automation framework, continuous integration, and continuous delivery. It emphasizes the importance of selecting the right tools, processes, and team for successful test automation.
This document discusses end-to-end testing and why it is important for complex modern software systems with multiple interconnected subsystems. End-to-end testing ensures that all subsystems work together as expected by testing user journeys that trigger actions across systems. It recommends planning end-to-end test cases that think through scenarios from start to finish and avoid adding unnecessary tests. Automating end-to-end test cases is difficult but valuable as it can catch issues that arise from system interactions.
The document discusses how to make automation an asset to software testing organizations by outlining the advantages and disadvantages of manual versus automated testing, providing examples of what types of tests are best suited for automation, and describing best practices for developing an effective test automation process and addressing common myths about automation. It emphasizes that automation can increase testing efficiency and coverage but requires proper planning, resources, and maintenance to be successful.
Many organizations never achieve the significant benefits that are promised from automated test execution. Surprisingly often, this is due not to technical factors but to management issues, especially at system testing level. Surprisingly often, this is due not to technical factors but to management issues. Dot Graham describes the most important management concerns the test manager must address for test automation success, and helps you understand and choose the best approaches for your organization—no matter which automation tools you use or your current state of automation. Dot explains how automation affects staffing, who should be responsible for which automation tasks, how managers can best support automation efforts leading to success, and why return on investment can be dangerous and what you can realistically expect. Dot also reviews a few key technical issues that can make or break the automation effort. Come away with an example set of automation objectives and measures, and a draft test automation strategy that you can use to plan or improve your own automation.
Regression testing is retesting software after changes to ensure bugs have not been introduced or detected. It has the objectives of checking that bugs have been addressed, testing related areas that could be affected, and achieving a bug-free system. Strategies for regression testing include retesting all tests, selecting some tests to rerun based on areas affected by changes, and prioritizing test cases based on business impact and importance. An effective regression strategy can save organizations time and money by automating regression testing.
This document provides information about an ISTQB Advanced Test Manager training course. The 4-day course will cover: (1) ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level certification and test processes; (2) test life cycles like V-Model and agile and activities like reviews and defect reporting; (3) team composition; and (4) defect management and test process improvement. The course is intended for test engineers, software engineers, testers, and quality assurance professionals seeking ISTQB Advanced Test Manager certification.
This document discusses how automation is changing the testing scene by reducing challenges in manual testing. It introduces CloudTestr, an automated testing platform, and how it can reduce testing time from weeks to days through features like integrated test management, scheduled execution, and remote testing. An accelerated testing methodology is outlined involving test strategy, execution, defect management, and release. FAVExpress is introduced as a way to generate test cases based on requirements.
Crawl Walk and Run to Continuous DeliveryDavid Batten
Over the course of 15+ years in software development, I've learned quite a bit about automating software delivery. Looking back, I realized that I've been performing Continuous Delivery in one form, or another, for most of that time. Let's take a few minutes to talk about how Continuous Delivery can help teams of all sizes get software into customers' hands faster for tighter, more effective feedback loops. It's all about the automation!
This document discusses Kanban, an agile project management method. It mentions that Kanban focuses on limiting work-in-progress to avoid bottlenecks and encourage continuous flow. The document also provides a visual example of a Kanban board with columns for backlog, development, testing, and deployment stages of a project.
"Configure once, deploy anywhere" is one of the most sought-after enterprise operations requirements. Large-scale IT shops want to keep the flexibility of using on-premises and cloud environments simultaneously while maintaining the monolithic custom, complex deployment workflows and operations. This session brings together several hybrid enterprise requirements and compares orchestration and deployment models in depth without a vendor pitch or a bias. This session outlines several key factors to consider from the point of view of a large-scale real IT shop executive. Since each IT shop is unique, this session compares strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and the risks of each model and then helps participants create new hybrid orchestration and deployment options for the hybrid enterprise environments.
Orchestration & Deployment Options for Hybrid Enterprise Environments (ARC310...Amazon Web Services
Configure once, deploy anywhere is one of the most sought-after enterprise operations requirements. Large-scale IT shops want to keep the flexibility of using on-premises and cloud environments simultaneously while maintaining the monolithic custom, complex deployment workflows and operations. This session brings together several hybrid enterprise requirements and compares orchestration and deployment models in depth without a vendor pitch or a bias. This session outlines several key factors to consider from the point of view of a large-scale real IT shop executive. Since each IT shop is unique, this session compares strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and the risks of each model and then helps participants create new hybrid orchestration and deployment options for the hybrid enterprise environments.
At the EuroSTAR conference 2016 in Stockholm I presented about the testing of artificial intelligence and machine learning. But also about testing using intelligent machines.
AWS and VMware: How to Architect and Manage Hybrid EnvironmentsRightScale
AWS and VMware are not an either/or decision. Almost every enterprise is looking to leverage AWS in addition to their existing VMware virtualized environments. They want to choose the right venue for each application and move applications between VMware and AWS as their business needs dictate.
In this webinar, you’ll hear how RightScale helps customers to successfully implement and manage hybrid environments that span AWS, VMware vSphere and other clouds.
In this webinar we will:
-5 common use cases for hybrid environments
-Why VMware isn’t the same as a cloud, and what to do about it
-Architecture considerations for hybrid environments
-Is portability a possibility or a pipe dream?
-Demo of a single-pane-of-glass to manage hybrid environments
AWS Summit Stockholm 2014 – B3 – Integrating on-premises workloads with AWSAmazon Web Services
"Configure once, deploy anywhere" is one of the most sought-after enterprise operations requirements. Large-scale IT shops want to keep the flexibility of using on-premises and cloud environments simultaneously while maintaining the monolithic custom, complex deployment workflows and operations. This session brings together several hybrid enterprise requirements and compares orchestration and deployment models in depth without a vendor pitch or a bias. This session outlines several key factors to consider from the point of view of a large-scale real IT shop executive. Since each IT shop is unique, this session compares strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and the risks of each model and then helps participants create new hybrid orchestration and deployment options for the hybrid enterprise environments.
ATAGTR2017 Machine Learning telepathy for Shift Right approach of testingAgile Testing Alliance
The presentation on Machine Learning telepathy for Shift Right approach of testing was done during #ATAGTR2017, one of the largest global testing conference. All copyright belongs to the author.
Author and presenter : Santhosh GS
Disruptive technologies that will change aviation in the coming yearsThoughtworks
The document summarizes an afternoon workshop session on March 30th about disruptive technologies that will change aviation in the coming years. The panel will discuss messaging as the new mobile home screen, the rise of image and augmented reality, and the rise of voice interfaces. It also covers machine learning and data platforms, context awareness, and how to embrace digital change through putting technology at the core of business strategies, unleashing technologists, talking to customers, and experimenting. The panelist is Gabriel Gavasso, a business strategist and client partner for the air travel vertical.
AI for IA's: Machine Learning Demystified at IA Summit 2017 - IAS17Carol Smith
What is machine learning? Is IA relevant in the age of AI? How can I take advantage of cognitive computing? Learn the basics of these concepts and the implications for your work in this presentation. Carol Smith provides examples of machine learning use and will discuss the challenges inherent in in AI.
This document discusses building a "DataScienceStein" team by combining existing staff members with different skills, rather than hiring a single data scientist. It recommends assembling a team with skills in data integration, analytics, visualization, industry expertise, communication, and programming. Key roles include a visualization specialist to communicate results and a subject matter expert to ensure the analysis makes sense. The advantages are broadening the hiring pool, fostering cross-training, and disseminating knowledge. Strong leadership is needed to direct the team's work and secure resources and support across departments.
This document discusses different machine learning techniques including unsupervised learning, supervised learning, training data, testing data, and validation data. Unsupervised learning allows models to find patterns in unlabeled data, while supervised learning uses labeled data to optimize performance. Training data is used to fit models, testing data to evaluate performance on unseen data, and validation data is sometimes used during development to tune models and prevent overfitting.
This document discusses using K-means clustering technique to detect discussions of anorexia nervosa (AN) on Twitter. It involves collecting tweets using keywords, preprocessing the data by removing noise and stopwords, then applying K-means clustering to group the tweets and identify patterns in how often AN is discussed. The methodology has 5 phases - data selection, preprocessing, transformation, mining using K-means, and interpretation of results. K-means is well-suited as it can handle large amounts of unstructured, dynamic Twitter data by grouping tweets into clusters based on similarity and difference between words. The results will show how frequently discussions of AN occur on Twitter.
This session was delivered at SQLServer UG group meetup. This is pretty much 101 on AzureML offering which allows easy creation of trained models and their deployment for prediction purpose. It does not get into details of all algorithms , process of cleaning up data or tuning - sweeping, bagging/boosting/bootstrapping .....
This document provides an overview of becoming a data scientist. It defines a data scientist and lists common job titles. It discusses the functions of a data scientist like devising business strategies, descriptive/predictive analytics, and data mining. Examples are provided of customer churn analysis and market basket analysis. The skills, aptitudes, and educational paths to become a data scientist are also outlined.
This document provides an introduction to machine learning, including definitions, types of machine learning problems, common algorithms, and typical machine learning processes. It defines machine learning as a type of artificial intelligence that enables computers to learn without being explicitly programmed. The three main types of machine learning problems are supervised learning (classification and regression), unsupervised learning (clustering and association), and reinforcement learning. Common machine learning algorithms and examples of their applications are also discussed. The document concludes with an overview of typical machine learning processes such as selecting and preparing data, developing and evaluating models, and interpreting results.
Nellie Deutsch will be discussing Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for Action Research in today's webinar July 30, 2015 at 12 PM EST on WizIQ: http://www.wiziq.com/online-class/2866384-ar-qualitative-and-quantitative-data-analysis Recordings will be available to those who join the class.
This document discusses ensuring the integrity and interoperability of educational usage and social data through a framework to support competency assessment. It proposes SCALA, an extensible web-platform that integrates usage and social data from different learning tools using the IMS Caliper Measurement Framework to provide enriched rubrics for competency assessment. SCALA aims to make competency assessment more objective, scalable, and able to uncover latent skills by analyzing integrated educational and context data.
The document outlines the CRISP-DM methodology for the data science process. It consists of 6 steps: 1) business understanding to define goals and success metrics, 2) analytic approach to determine appropriate techniques, 3) data requirements, 4) data collection and understanding, 5) data preparation including cleaning, 6) modeling using various algorithms, 7) evaluation of models, and 8) deployment and obtaining feedback for refinement. The process is iterative with feedback from deployment used to refine models.
LETS PUBLISH WITH MORE RELIABLE & PRESENTABLE MODELLING.pptxshamsul2010
The document discusses techniques for developing generalized machine learning models that can accurately predict outcomes for new, unseen data. It defines a generalized model as one that is not overfit to the specific training data. The key techniques discussed are k-fold cross-validation and separating data into training and testing sets. K-fold cross-validation involves dividing data into k subsets, training on k-1 subsets and validating on the remaining subset, and averaging performance across folds. This helps ensure models are evaluated on data not used for training, to better estimate how they will predict "unseen" cases.
The document summarizes a group project using Microsoft Azure Machine Learning Studio to build predictive models for identifying employees likely to get promoted. The group tested various models on a machine learning competition and selected a Two Class Boosted Decision Tree model, which had the highest accuracy and F1 score. The group further tuned the model hyperparameters and submitted the best model and a refined third-ranked model. While the results were similar, the submission scored higher on the leaderboard. The group reflected on learning machine learning tools in Azure and opportunities to improve the model through additional data preparation.
Data collection and analysis tools refer to methods used to systematically gather and examine information. This includes statistical software packages, specialized computer programs, and online testing systems. Popular tools include SPSS, Stata, and R programming language. Computer-based testing systems allow electronic assessment and tracking of student performance. Electronic gradebooks make it easy for teachers to calculate and track student grades digitally. Student response systems engage students in real-time feedback and assessments through interactive technology. Online testing with feedback immediately informs students of correct answers and provides explanations.
This document discusses using machine learning to improve testing and quality assurance processes. It describes collecting historical data from various sources like requirements, development, testing, and operations. This data is then used to train predictive models using machine learning platforms like IBM Watson and SPSS Modeler. The trained models can predict metrics like defects, test cases needed, and component risks to help schedule testing and prioritize resources. The presenter shares their experience piloting this approach and lessons learned around data needs, model training, and demonstrating value to convince stakeholders.
This will be presented at the Optimizely's San Francisco User Group session on Oct 4th. As with any program, an A/B Testing Practice also follows a specific maturity curve. Since it is much more complex and spans across various domains and business units, it begins with a "Sell" phase focused on getting buy-in from various stakeholders but with a specific focus on Engineering & QA, followed by "Scale" phase with focus on building team, efficiency and program and then on to "Expand" phase focused on wider scope/complex tests and strengthen the platform, over to the "Deepen" phase where the focus is to ingrain testing within the company's DNA, i.e., within the backend/algorithms, cross pollinate learning and testing across various business units. The final phase is the "Sustain" phase where Algorithmic Test Management takes over Testing, and Testing is productized as a Value Add service for monetization and brand captial creation. We will walk the audience through our own journey so far along the maturity curve, the lessons learnt along the way, the challenges and what worked for us. The session will be rounded up with a working session with the audience on their own journey, lessons and advice for others.
Machine learning: A Walk Through School ExamsRamsha Ijaz
When it comes to studying, Machines and Students have one thing in common: Examinations. To perform well on their final evaluations, humans require taking classes, reading books and solving practice quizzes. Similarly, machines need artificial intelligence to memorize data, infer feature correlations, and pass validation standards in order to solve almost any problem. In this quick introductory session, we'll walk through these analogies to learn the core concepts behind Machine Learning, and why it works so well!
EDUC5103 7th Adobe Connect Session Presentation (March 30, 2016)Robert Power
The document outlines an agenda for an online session on using surveys in education, including discussing common survey types used by educators, how to analyze survey data, best practices for student satisfaction surveys and pre-test/post-test analyses, and tools for qualitative and quantitative survey analysis. Participants will break into groups to discuss how to apply insights from videos on survey topics to their own practices and to plan a professional development session. The session will conclude with reviewing ethics and resources for further exploring survey use and analysis.
The document discusses machine learning, providing definitions and examples. It outlines the history and development of machine learning, describes common applications like image and speech recognition. It also covers different types of machine learning including supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning. Challenges in machine learning like data quality issues and overfitting/underfitting are addressed. Popular programming languages for machine learning like Python, Java, C/C++ are also listed.
This document provides an overview of a 5-part data science course covering topics like data preparation, exploratory data analysis, regression, classification, unsupervised learning, and natural language processing. The course uses Python and Jupyter Notebook. Part 1 focuses on data preparation and exploratory data analysis. It introduces the data science workflow and covers gathering, cleaning, exploring, and preparing data. Later parts will cover specific modeling techniques. The course also outlines a project where students will apply the skills learned to analyze customer churn for a music streaming company.
How to find new ways to add value to your auditsCaseWare IDEA
Past Presentation at IIA GAM
Aaron Boor, IT Audit & Project Automation Manager talks about how he uses technology and data analytics to deliver more value to his organization.
SLIDESHARE: www.slideshare.net/CaseWare_Analytics
WEBSITE: www.casewareanalytics.com
BLOG: www.casewareanalytics.com/blog
TWITTER: www.twitter.com/CW_Analytic
Similar to Testing in the Age of Machine Learning (20)
The document discusses common reasons why Agile transformations struggle or fail, referring to them as "watermelons". It identifies 10 potential watermelons: lack of sponsorship, lack of empathy, over-collaboration, toxic positivity, over-support, treating all changes as experiments, front-loading changes without sustainability, disregarding existing strengths, declaring premature success, and experts focusing on appearances over results. The document provides examples of each watermelon and asks for audience ideas to address them. It concludes by discussing an approach to identify "hidden watermelons" through leading indicators, finding root causes, and experimenting to reinvigorate a stalling transformation.
Accessibility, Inclusivity, Internationalization and Environmental Sustainability. Do these aspects get due consideration when we are defining and refining our backlog items? The presentation explains the growing importance of these aspects in software products - to reflect both the demographics we serve, as well as an increased awareness of our social responsibility.
The document discusses considerations for forming effective teams, comparing different options on factors like size, cross-functionality, geographical distribution, management style, titles, and composition. Small, co-located, cross-functional teams that are self-organized without titles and take a feature team approach tend to allow for better communication, collaboration, agile ceremonies, quality and feedback, but can be tougher to create and sustain with challenges around capacity utilization and redundancy. In contrast, larger, distributed, specialized teams that have directed management and use component team structures are easier to establish and maintain capacity for, but involve greater overheads, silos and delays.
The document discusses some negative consequences that can arise from lack of transparency or "darkness", including bad decisions, poor management, loss of control, team dysfunctions, and hidden risks. It implies that greater transparency or "light" can help address these issues and allow for better understanding and accountability.
A presentation about an enterprise's experience and experiments with Scrumban. The core message is that the practices and frameworks help but are secondary to the values and principles. We are happy to adopt elements from both scrum and kanban to find what works well for us.
Sutap Choudhury and Vinaya Muralidharan presented at India Agile Week-2014 in Pune on an enterprise's journey towards agility. They discussed where the journey started with the transition from waterfall to agile processes for many projects. They explained stops along the way, using a kanban board as the vehicle and overcoming roadblocks. The presentation concluded by noting the journey towards sustainable pace continues.
This document discusses an enterprise's journey towards more agile testing practices. It outlines some of the challenges that led the organization to change, including delays in development cascading to testing, large amounts of manual testing slowing delivery, and late defect discovery impacting timelines and quality. The journey involved adopting practices like test-driven development, test automation, and integrating testing scopes from cross-functional teams earlier in iterations. It also discusses challenges of setting up an agile test organization, implementing test automation at scale, determining how and when to do integration and non-functional testing. The approach involved training, coaching, conferences, evolving practices using kanban principles, and starting with current capabilities while experimenting safely.
WWDC 2024 Keynote Review: For CocoaCoders AustinPatrick Weigel
Overview of WWDC 2024 Keynote Address.
Covers: Apple Intelligence, iOS18, macOS Sequoia, iPadOS, watchOS, visionOS, and Apple TV+.
Understandable dialogue on Apple TV+
On-device app controlling AI.
Access to ChatGPT with a guest appearance by Chief Data Thief Sam Altman!
App Locking! iPhone Mirroring! And a Calculator!!
Zoom is a comprehensive platform designed to connect individuals and teams efficiently. With its user-friendly interface and powerful features, Zoom has become a go-to solution for virtual communication and collaboration. It offers a range of tools, including virtual meetings, team chat, VoIP phone systems, online whiteboards, and AI companions, to streamline workflows and enhance productivity.
Artificia Intellicence and XPath Extension FunctionsOctavian Nadolu
The purpose of this presentation is to provide an overview of how you can use AI from XSLT, XQuery, Schematron, or XML Refactoring operations, the potential benefits of using AI, and some of the challenges we face.
Flutter is a popular open source, cross-platform framework developed by Google. In this webinar we'll explore Flutter and its architecture, delve into the Flutter Embedder and Flutter’s Dart language, discover how to leverage Flutter for embedded device development, learn about Automotive Grade Linux (AGL) and its consortium and understand the rationale behind AGL's choice of Flutter for next-gen IVI systems. Don’t miss this opportunity to discover whether Flutter is right for your project.
E-Invoicing Implementation: A Step-by-Step Guide for Saudi Arabian CompaniesQuickdice ERP
Explore the seamless transition to e-invoicing with this comprehensive guide tailored for Saudi Arabian businesses. Navigate the process effortlessly with step-by-step instructions designed to streamline implementation and enhance efficiency.
Measures in SQL (SIGMOD 2024, Santiago, Chile)Julian Hyde
SQL has attained widespread adoption, but Business Intelligence tools still use their own higher level languages based upon a multidimensional paradigm. Composable calculations are what is missing from SQL, and we propose a new kind of column, called a measure, that attaches a calculation to a table. Like regular tables, tables with measures are composable and closed when used in queries.
SQL-with-measures has the power, conciseness and reusability of multidimensional languages but retains SQL semantics. Measure invocations can be expanded in place to simple, clear SQL.
To define the evaluation semantics for measures, we introduce context-sensitive expressions (a way to evaluate multidimensional expressions that is consistent with existing SQL semantics), a concept called evaluation context, and several operations for setting and modifying the evaluation context.
A talk at SIGMOD, June 9–15, 2024, Santiago, Chile
Authors: Julian Hyde (Google) and John Fremlin (Google)
https://doi.org/10.1145/3626246.3653374
E-commerce Development Services- Hornet DynamicsHornet Dynamics
For any business hoping to succeed in the digital age, having a strong online presence is crucial. We offer Ecommerce Development Services that are customized according to your business requirements and client preferences, enabling you to create a dynamic, safe, and user-friendly online store.
Introducing Crescat - Event Management Software for Venues, Festivals and Eve...Crescat
Crescat is industry-trusted event management software, built by event professionals for event professionals. Founded in 2017, we have three key products tailored for the live event industry.
Crescat Event for concert promoters and event agencies. Crescat Venue for music venues, conference centers, wedding venues, concert halls and more. And Crescat Festival for festivals, conferences and complex events.
With a wide range of popular features such as event scheduling, shift management, volunteer and crew coordination, artist booking and much more, Crescat is designed for customisation and ease-of-use.
Over 125,000 events have been planned in Crescat and with hundreds of customers of all shapes and sizes, from boutique event agencies through to international concert promoters, Crescat is rigged for success. What's more, we highly value feedback from our users and we are constantly improving our software with updates, new features and improvements.
If you plan events, run a venue or produce festivals and you're looking for ways to make your life easier, then we have a solution for you. Try our software for free or schedule a no-obligation demo with one of our product specialists today at crescat.io
Unveiling the Advantages of Agile Software Development.pdfbrainerhub1
Learn about Agile Software Development's advantages. Simplify your workflow to spur quicker innovation. Jump right in! We have also discussed the advantages.
Top Benefits of Using Salesforce Healthcare CRM for Patient Management.pdfVALiNTRY360
Salesforce Healthcare CRM, implemented by VALiNTRY360, revolutionizes patient management by enhancing patient engagement, streamlining administrative processes, and improving care coordination. Its advanced analytics, robust security, and seamless integration with telehealth services ensure that healthcare providers can deliver personalized, efficient, and secure patient care. By automating routine tasks and providing actionable insights, Salesforce Healthcare CRM enables healthcare providers to focus on delivering high-quality care, leading to better patient outcomes and higher satisfaction. VALiNTRY360's expertise ensures a tailored solution that meets the unique needs of any healthcare practice, from small clinics to large hospital systems.
For more info visit us https://valintry360.com/solutions/health-life-sciences
SOCRadar's Aviation Industry Q1 Incident Report is out now!
The aviation industry has always been a prime target for cybercriminals due to its critical infrastructure and high stakes. In the first quarter of 2024, the sector faced an alarming surge in cybersecurity threats, revealing its vulnerabilities and the relentless sophistication of cyber attackers.
SOCRadar’s Aviation Industry, Quarterly Incident Report, provides an in-depth analysis of these threats, detected and examined through our extensive monitoring of hacker forums, Telegram channels, and dark web platforms.
Do you want Software for your Business? Visit Deuglo
Deuglo has top Software Developers in India. They are experts in software development and help design and create custom Software solutions.
Deuglo follows seven steps methods for delivering their services to their customers. They called it the Software development life cycle process (SDLC).
Requirement — Collecting the Requirements is the first Phase in the SSLC process.
Feasibility Study — after completing the requirement process they move to the design phase.
Design — in this phase, they start designing the software.
Coding — when designing is completed, the developers start coding for the software.
Testing — in this phase when the coding of the software is done the testing team will start testing.
Installation — after completion of testing, the application opens to the live server and launches!
Maintenance — after completing the software development, customers start using the software.
Transform Your Communication with Cloud-Based IVR SolutionsTheSMSPoint
Discover the power of Cloud-Based IVR Solutions to streamline communication processes. Embrace scalability and cost-efficiency while enhancing customer experiences with features like automated call routing and voice recognition. Accessible from anywhere, these solutions integrate seamlessly with existing systems, providing real-time analytics for continuous improvement. Revolutionize your communication strategy today with Cloud-Based IVR Solutions. Learn more at: https://thesmspoint.com/channel/cloud-telephony
How Can Hiring A Mobile App Development Company Help Your Business Grow?ToXSL Technologies
ToXSL Technologies is an award-winning Mobile App Development Company in Dubai that helps businesses reshape their digital possibilities with custom app services. As a top app development company in Dubai, we offer highly engaging iOS & Android app solutions. https://rb.gy/necdnt
When it is all about ERP solutions, companies typically meet their needs with common ERP solutions like SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft Dynamics. These big players have demonstrated that ERP systems can be either simple or highly comprehensive. This remains true today, but there are new factors to consider, including a promising new contender in the market that’s Odoo. This blog compares Odoo ERP with traditional ERP systems and explains why many companies now see Odoo ERP as the best choice.
What are ERP Systems?
An ERP, or Enterprise Resource Planning, system provides your company with valuable information to help you make better decisions and boost your ROI. You should choose an ERP system based on your company’s specific needs. For instance, if you run a manufacturing or retail business, you will need an ERP system that efficiently manages inventory. A consulting firm, on the other hand, would benefit from an ERP system that enhances daily operations. Similarly, eCommerce stores would select an ERP system tailored to their needs.
Because different businesses have different requirements, ERP system functionalities can vary. Among the various ERP systems available, Odoo ERP is considered one of the best in the ERp market with more than 12 million global users today.
Odoo is an open-source ERP system initially designed for small to medium-sized businesses but now suitable for a wide range of companies. Odoo offers a scalable and configurable point-of-sale management solution and allows you to create customised modules for specific industries. Odoo is gaining more popularity because it is built in a way that allows easy customisation, has a user-friendly interface, and is affordable. Here, you will cover the main differences and get to know why Odoo is gaining attention despite the many other ERP systems available in the market.
Using Query Store in Azure PostgreSQL to Understand Query PerformanceGrant Fritchey
Microsoft has added an excellent new extension in PostgreSQL on their Azure Platform. This session, presented at Posette 2024, covers what Query Store is and the types of information you can get out of it.
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DCgHsxISE0Q
W H E R E A R E
W E H E A D E D
httpsweforum.org/agenda/2017/01/worried-
about-ai-taking-your-job-its-already-happening-in-
japan?utm_content=buffera14af&utm_medium=s
ocial&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=b
uffer
3. THE WORLD OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
NLP
Neural Networks
MACHINE LEARNING
DEEP LEARNING
…..
4. THE FUTURE IS ALREADY HERE
Google RankBrain
Assistants
5. HOW DOES IT WORK
Supervised
• Labelled data
• Given new
data, predict
outcome
• Classification
Unsupervised
• No labels
• Find hidden
structures
• Clustering
Reinforcement
• Decision
process
• Actions are
rewarded or
punished
• Learns to
optimize
rewards
8. INTO THE REALM OF PROBABILITIES
Y = f ( x ) Y ≈ f ( x )
What is scrum ?
{
"Prediction": {
"details": {
"Algorithm": "SGD",
"PredictiveModelType": "MULTICLASS"
},
"predictedLabel": "definition",
"predictedScores": {
"advantages": 0.0001860455668065697,
"characteristics": 0.00006915141420904547,
"compare": 0.00017757616296876222,
"definition": 0.9970965385437012,
"disadvantages": 0.0000534967657586094,
}
}
}
Can you tell me about scrum ?
{
"Prediction": {
"details": {
"Algorithm": "SGD",
"PredictiveModelType": "MULTICLASS"
},
"predictedLabel": "definition",
"predictedScores": {
"advantages": 0.01977257989346981,
"characteristics": 0.022757112979888916,
"compare": 0.008386141620576382,
"definition": 0.21092116832733154,
"disadvantages": 0.04002799838781357
}
}
}
9. TOLERANCE LEVELS
Y ≈ f ( x )
Know the probability that is within acceptable limits
10. EVALUATE WITH DIFFERENT MODELS
Evaluate against a set of
algorithms to iterate towards a
model that’s closest
representation and for further
tuning
https://s3.amazonaws.com/MLMastery/MachineLearningAlgorithms.png?__s=h4reg8jqwyg4sz3bzdqf
11. EVALUATION – DATA SET APPROACHES
Random split
• 70% train, 30% test
K-fold cross validation
Split into 3 datasets
• #1 Train on 1 and 2, test on 3
• #2 Train on 2 and 3, test on 1
• #3 Train on 1 and 3, test on 2
Never use the same dataset for training and evaluating
15. MODEL IS AS GOOD AS THE TRAINING DATA
If all of the algorithms perform poorly,
• it maybe worth considering if there is a lack of learning
structure in the data set
• some transformation needed to make the structure more
learnable
• remove unnecessary noise - stop words are typically
removed because they cause unnecessary noise)
16. SUMMARY
Machine Learning applications demand a shift in testing
approach
• Use objective acceptance levels to evaluate the application
• Express test outcomes in statistical terms
• Have a high level understanding of the underlying working of
the application