This document summarizes the English tenses. It provides the identification, affirmative sentences, interrogative sentences, and negative sentences for each tense including present indefinite, present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, past indefinite, past continuous, past perfect, past perfect continuous, future indefinite and future continuous tenses. For each tense, it specifies which forms of verbs to use for different subjects (I, he, she, it, we, they, you) and gives examples of sentences in each tense.

1. English Tenses
Present Indefinite Present Continuous Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous
Identification:
‫ہو‬ ‫ہیں۔تی‬ ‫ہوں۔تی‬ ‫ہے۔تےہیں۔تا‬ ‫تا‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S + 1st form + O
o For He, She, It or singular
name add s/es at end of verb.
o If these word comes at end of
verb(s, o, x, sh, ch) use “es”
otherwise use “s”.
He goes to school. ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫ہے‬ ‫جاتا‬
We go to school. ‫ہیں‬ ‫جاتے‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫ہم‬
Interrogative Sentence:
Do/Does+ S + 1st form + O
o Use why, when, where,how
before Do/Does
o Do not use Do/Does with “who”
o ‫لیے‬ ‫کی‬ ‫کرنے‬ ‫پیدا‬ ‫زور‬ ‫میں‬ ‫فقرے‬‫ب‬‫ھی‬
‫بعد‬ ‫کے‬ ‫سبجیکٹ‬
(do or does) used.
Doeshe go to school? ‫جات‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬‫ا‬
‫ہے؟‬
Negative sentence:
S + Do/Does+ 1st form + O
o For He, She, It, or Singular name
use Does before Sub.
o For I, we, they, you use Do before
Sub.
o Use first form with “Do not/Does not”.
Identification:
‫ہیں‬ ‫ہے۔رہے‬ ‫ہے۔رہی‬ ‫رہا‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S+ is/am/are + 1st + ing + O
o Use “is” with (He, She, It,
Singular name).
o Use “am” with (I).
o Use “are” with (We, they, you).
He is going to school. ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫جا‬‫رہا‬‫ہے‬
I am going to school. ‫رہا‬ ‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫میں‬
‫۔‬ ‫ہوں‬
We are going to school. ‫ہم‬‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬
‫ہیں۔‬ ‫رہے‬
Interrogative Sentence:
Is/Am/Are + S + 1st + ing + O
Is he goingto school? ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬‫جا‬‫رہا‬
‫ہے‬‫؟‬
Negative sentence:
S + is/am/are +not+ 1st + ing + O
He is not goingto school. ‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
Identification:
‫ہیں‬ ‫چکے‬ ‫ہے۔‬ ‫ہے۔چکی‬ ‫چکا‬‫ہے۔ےہے۔یا‬ ‫۔یا‬
‫ہوں۔ےہو‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S + has/have+ 3rd form + O
o Use “has” with (He, She, It,
Singular name).
o Use “have” with others (I, We,
They, You).
He has gone to school. ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫جا‬‫چکا‬‫ہے‬‫۔‬
They have gone to school. ‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫ہیں‬ ‫چکے‬
Interrogative Sentence:
Has/Have+ S + 3rd form + O
o Use why, when, where, how before
has/ have.
Has he gone toschool? ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬
‫جا‬‫چکا‬‫ہے‬‫؟‬
Negative sentence:
S + has/have+ not + 3rd form + O
Identification:
‫ہیں‬ ‫ہے۔رہے‬ ‫ہے۔رہی‬ ‫رہا‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S+ has/have been+1st
+ing + O+
since/for+ Remaining
o Use “has been” with (He,She, It,
Singular name).
o Use “have been” with others (I, We,
They, You).
o For period of time use “for”.
(Two hours, one month etc.)
o For point of time use “since”.
(morning, 1990, January etc.)
‫وہ‬‫دو‬‫سے‬ ‫دن‬‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬‫رہا‬‫ہے‬
He has been going to school for two days.
‫وہ‬1990‫ہے۔‬ ‫رہا‬ ‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫سے‬
He has been going to school since 1990.
Interrogative Sentence:
Has/Have +S+ been+1st
+ing + O+
since/for+ Remaining
‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬‫سے‬ ‫دن‬ ‫دو‬‫سکول‬‫جا‬‫ہے؟‬ ‫رہا‬
Has he not been going to schoolfor two days?
Negative sentence:
S+ has/ have + not + been+1st
+ ing + O+
since/for+ Remaining
. ‫نہیں‬ ‫سےسکول‬ ‫دن‬ ‫دو‬ ‫وہ‬‫جا‬‫رہاہے‬
He has not been going to schoolfor two days.

2. He does not go to school. ‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫ہے‬ ‫جاتا‬
‫جا‬‫ہے‬ ‫رہا‬ He has not gone to school. ‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫جاچکاہے۔‬
Past Indefinite Past Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous
Identification:
‫تا‬‫۔‬ ‫تھا‬‫تی‬‫تھی۔‬‫تے‬‫تھے۔‬‫تھیں۔ا۔ی۔‬ ‫تی‬‫ۓ‬‫۔‬
Affirmative Sentence:
Subject + 2nd form + Object
He went to school. ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫جاتا‬‫تھا‬‫۔‬
o ‫تھا،کرتے‬ ‫"کرتا‬ ‫میں‬ ‫آخر‬ ‫کے‬ ‫فقرات‬ ‫جن‬
‫تھی‬ ‫تھے،کرتی‬‫فق‬ ‫ان‬ ‫آے‬ ‫تھیں‬ ‫،کرتی‬‫رات‬
‫ہوتی‬ ‫استعمال‬ ‫فارم‬ ‫پہلی‬ ‫کی‬ ‫ورب‬ ‫میں‬
‫بعد‬ ‫کے‬ ‫فاعل‬ ‫ہےاور‬‫ہے۔‬ ‫ہوتا‬ ‫استعمال‬
‫تھا۔‬ ‫کرتا‬ ‫جایا‬ ‫کو‬ ‫سیر‬ ‫روزانہ‬ ‫میں‬
I used to go for walk daily.
Interrogative Sentence:
Did+ S + 1st form + O
Didhe go to school? ‫جاتا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬‫تھ‬‫ا‬
‫؟‬
Negative sentence:
S + did not+ 1st form + O
He did not go to school. ‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
Identification:
‫تھے‬ ‫تھی۔رہے‬ ‫تھا۔رہی‬ ‫رہا‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S+ was/were + 1st
+ ing + O
o Use “was” with (I, He, She, It,
Singular name).
o Use “were” with (We, they,
you).
‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬‫رہا‬‫تھا‬‫۔‬
He was going to school.
‫تھے‬ ‫رہے‬ ‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫ہم‬
We were going to school.
Interrogative Sentence:
Was/Were + S + 1st
+ ing + O
Was he going to school? ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬
‫جا‬‫رہا‬‫تھا‬‫؟‬
Negative sentence:
S+ was/were + not+ 1st
+ ing + O
‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬‫جا‬‫تھا‬ ‫رہا‬
He was not going to school.
Identification:
‫تھے‬ ‫تھی۔چکے‬ ‫تھا۔چکی‬ ‫چکا‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S + had+ 3rd form + O
o For double sentence use 3rd
form of
verb first then use 2nd
form of verb.
o Already, Till, Before are
identification for past perfect tense.
He had gone to school. ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫جا‬‫چکاتھا‬‫۔‬
Interrogative Sentence:
Had+ S + 3rd form + O
Had he gone to school? ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬
‫جا‬‫چکاتھا‬‫؟‬
Negative sentence:
S + had+ not + 3rd form + O
Identification:
‫تھے‬ ‫تھی۔رہے‬ ‫تھا۔رہی‬ ‫رہا‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S+ had been+1st
+ ing + O+ since/for + R
o Use “had been” with (He, She, It, I,
We, They, You).
o For period of time use “for”.
(Two hours, one month etc.)
o For point of time use “since”.
(Morning, 1990, January etc.)
‫وہ‬‫سے‬ ‫دن‬ ‫دو‬‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬‫رہا‬‫تھا‬
He had been going to school for two days.
‫وہ‬1990‫سکول‬ ‫سے‬‫جا‬‫رہا‬‫۔‬ ‫تھا‬
He had been going to school since 1990.
Interrogative Sentence:
Had + S + been + 1st
form + ing+ since/for
+Remaining part
‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬‫سے‬ ‫دن‬ ‫دو‬‫سکول‬‫جا‬‫تھا؟‬ ‫رہا‬
Had he not been going to schoolfor two days?
Negative sentence:
S + had+ not+ been + 1st
form + ing+
since/for +Remaining part
. ‫نہیں‬ ‫سےسکول‬ ‫دن‬ ‫دو‬ ‫وہ‬‫جا‬‫رہا‬‫تھا‬
He had not been going to schoolfor two days.
Usedto

3. ‫تھا‬ ‫جاتا‬ ‫جاچکاتھا‬ ‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
He had not gone to school. ‫۔‬
Future Indefinite Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous
Identification:
‫ون‬‫گا‬‫۔‬‫ےگا‬‫۔‬‫و‬‫گے‬‫گی۔‬ ‫گی۔وں‬ ‫یں‬ُ‫ا‬‫۔‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S + will/shall +1st form + O
o Use shall with I and we.
o Use will with all others.
He will go to school. ‫جاتا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬
o ‫پختہ‬ ‫میں‬ ‫جملے‬ ‫اگر‬،‫خواہش‬ ، ‫ارادہ‬
‫تو‬ ‫جاے‬ ‫پایا‬ ‫حکم‬ ‫نصیحت،یا‬
 Use Will in place of Shall with I
and We.
 Use Shall in place of Will with
He,She, It, They, You.
‫گا۔‬ ‫کروں‬ ‫پورا‬ ‫ظرور‬ ‫وعدہ‬ ‫اپنا‬ ‫میں‬
I will fulfill my promise.
Interrogative Sentence:
S+ will/shall+ not +1st
form + O
Identification:
‫گی۔رہے‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫گا۔رہی‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫رہا‬‫گے‬ ‫ہوں‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S + Will be/Shall be + 1st
+ ing + O
o Use shall be with I and we.
o Use will be with all others.
‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬‫رہا‬‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬
He will be going to school.
‫ہونگے۔‬ ‫جارہے‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫ہم‬
We shall be going to school.
Interrogative Sentence:
Will /Shall + s + be + 1st + ing + O
‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬‫جا‬‫رہا‬‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬‫؟‬
Will he be goingto school?
Identification:
‫گا۔چکی‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫چکا‬‫گے۔‬ ‫ہوں‬ ‫گی۔چکے‬ ‫ہو‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S+ will have/shall have+ 3rd + O
o Use shall have with I and we.
o Use will have with all others.
o ‫تو‬ ‫ہوں‬ ‫رہے‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫کام‬ ‫دو‬ ‫میں‬ ‫جملے‬ ‫اس‬ ‫اگر‬
‫بعدتیس‬ ‫کی‬ ‫شل‬ ‫اور‬ ‫ول‬ ‫میں‬ ‫جملے‬ ‫پہلے‬‫ری‬
‫جملہ‬ ‫دوسرا‬ ‫ہوگی۔جبکہ‬ ‫استعمال‬ ‫فارم‬
Will be according to Present
Indefinite.
‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫چکا‬
He will have gone to school.
Interrogative Sentence:
Will /Shall + S + have +3rd + O
‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬‫؟‬ ‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫چکا‬
Will he have gone to school?
Identification:
‫گے‬ ‫ہوں‬ ‫گی۔رہے‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫گا۔رہی‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫رہا‬
Affirmative Sentence:
S+ will have been/shall have been
+ 1st
+ ing + O+ since/for+R
o Use shall have been with I and we.
o Use will have been with all others.
o For period of time use “for”.
(Two hours, one month etc.)
o For point of time use “since”.
(Morning, 1990, January etc.)
‫وہ‬‫سے‬ ‫دن‬ ‫دو‬‫جا‬ ‫سکول‬‫رہا‬‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬
He will have been going to school for two days.
‫وہ‬1990‫سکول‬ ‫سے‬‫جا‬‫رہا‬‫ہوگا‬‫۔‬
He will have been going to school since
1990.
Interrogative Sentence:
Will/Shall + S + have been+ 1st
+ ing +
O+ since/for+ Remaining
‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬‫سے‬ ‫دن‬ ‫دو‬‫سکول‬‫جا‬‫؟‬ ‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫رہا‬
Will he have been going to school for two days?

4. Will he go to school? ‫ہو‬ ‫جاتا‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬ ‫کیا‬
‫؟‬ ‫گا‬
Negative sentence:
will/shall+ S +1st form + O
He will notgo to school. ‫جات‬ ‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬‫ا‬
‫۔‬ ‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬
Negative sentence:
S + will /shall+ not + be + 1st + ing + O
‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬‫جا‬‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫رہا‬
He will notbe goingto school.
Negative sentence:
S + will /shall+ not + have +3rd
+ O
‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬ ‫جاچکا‬ ‫نہیں‬ ‫سکول‬ ‫وہ‬
He will not have gone to school.
Negative sentence:
S+ will/shall+ not+ have been+ 1st + ing + O+
since/for+ Remaining
. ‫نہیں‬ ‫سےسکول‬ ‫دن‬ ‫دو‬ ‫وہ‬‫جا‬‫رہا‬‫گا‬ ‫ہو‬
He will not have been going to school for two days.