This document contains notes on various topics related to computer science including hardware components, operating systems, programming languages, software, and parallel processing models. It defines terms like RISC, SPARC, RAID, FLASH, BIOS, and describes CPU components like registers, ALU, and control unit. It also covers operating system concepts, network layers, databases, storage technologies, programming basics, data structures, and parallel computing architectures.

1. RAHUL KARAN
March 23 1989 :: 5 55 PM :: Malakpet
Open Source :: Trust Alone Triumphs
Create . Use . Study . Change . Share . Credit

2.  Simple
 Speed
 Safe

3.  Hardware
RISC SPARC
Reduced Instruction Set Computer
Scalable Processor Architecture
RAID FLASH
Redundant Array Of Independent Discs
Redundant Array Of Inexpensive Discs
 Software
 Network

4.  General Purpose Registers
R1, R2, ….Rn
 Special Function Registers
PC, IR, MDR, MAR
 PC  Program Counter  Next Instruction
 IR  Instruction Register  Current Instruction
 MDR  Mem Data Reg   MU
 MAR  Mem Addr Reg  MU
 ALU  Arithemetic And Logical Unit
 CU  Control Unit  MU
 MU  Mem Unit

5.  Basic Input Output System
POST :: Power On Switch Test
Test PC Hardware Before Loading OS
Boostrap
Process Of Loading OS
BIOS 2.0  Unified Extensible Firmware Interface

6.  Interrupt Handler
 Dispatcher/ Scheduler
 Inter Process Communication
 Manager
PS, IO, MEM, DEV
 Process Control Block :: Data Structure
Stores All Info About A Process
Process Descriptor
Each Process Has A PCB And PID.
 INIT  First Process After Loading BIOS

7.  Scheduler/ Dispatcher
New  Ready  Run  Stop
 Wait
Run  IO Request  IO Response  Ready

8.  Client
 Server
 Data
 MOdulation DEModulation
Request Client PC  Server PC
Response Server PC  Client PC

9.  Layer Unit Type
 Host Data Application
 Host Data Presentation
 Host Data Session
 Host Segments Transport
 Media Packets Network
 Media Frames Data Link
 Media Bits Physical

10.  HTTP, FTP, SMTP
 SSLP, SSH
 NetBIOS :: Inter Host Communication
 TCP
 IP
 MAC, LLC
 Ethernet, WiFi

11.  Storage
 Security
 Retrieval
 DBMS SEQUEL
 DD OLTP INSERT UPDATE DELETE
 DWDM OLAP SELECT
 MMDB SEARCH
FDD, CD, DVD, HD DVD
Punch Cards, Vaccum Tubes, Magnetic Tubes/ Drums

12.  System
 Application

13.  Operating System :: OS
 Kernel + Shell
 Kernel :: Monolitic | Micro | Hybrid | Nano
 Machine :: Stack Or Register
 Making OS Another API
 Making CPU Another VM
 Shell :: CUI _ GUI

14.  ASSEMBLY
 ALGOL
 COBOL
 BASIC
 PASCAL
 FORTRAN
 UNIX
 JAVA
 SEQUEL

15.  Letters
 Numbers
 Symbols
 Spaces

16.  Identifiers
 Keywords
 Constants
 Strings
 Operators

17.  Names :: Variables :: Fields
 Types :: int, char, float
 Sizes
 Loops
 Unions
 Functions :: Methods :: BuiltIn/ UserDefined
 HeaderFiles :: Libraries :: API
 Pointers
 Memory Allocation :: Garbage Collection
 Data Structures :: Collection Framework

19.  Algorithm
 Program
 Process
 Thread
 Fiber

20.  Documentation Section
 Linking Section
 Definition Section
 Global Declaration Section
 Main Function Section
 Sub Program Section
 Parameters :: Actual And Formal

23.  C Programming langauge
 UNIX Kernel
 Bourne Shell :: BASH :: CSH :: TCSH
 Format Specifiers

24.  Documentation Section
 Library Section
 Interface Section
 Object Section
 Main Section
 Arguments :: Implicit And Explicit

25.  Java Programming Language
 Java Application Programming Interface
 Java Virtual Machine
 VisualVm :: Jshell :: Pie Menu
 VirtualVM For Every App On A VM
 Network extensible Windowing System
 Z FS(File System) Q FS NIS(Network Info Service)
 WYSIWYG
 REYES
 Inter App Communication :: Linked Apps
 Access Modifiers

26.  Common Object Request Broker Arch
 IDL :: Interface Definition Language

27.  Verb Options Parameters
 login username
 passwd *******
 touch file.txt
 cat >> file.c cntrl + d
 ls –l
 cd
 mkdir
 rmdir
 mv
 rm
 vi file.txt  esc i <V^>
 lex

28.  Window
 Icon
 Menus
 Pointer
 Address Bar
 Tool Bar
 Scroll Bar
 Status Bar
 View Port

29.  DiGraph
 TriGraph

30.  Single Instruction Stream, Single Data Stream
 Single Instruction Stream, Multiple Data Stream
 Multiple Instruction Stream, Single Data Stream
 Multiple Instruction Stream, Multiple Data Stream
 Single Instruction, Multiple Threads
 Single Program, Multiple Data Stream
 Multiple Program, Multiple Data Stream
 SIMD Within A Reg SWAR