Hinduism is one of the world's oldest religions, with over 1 billion followers worldwide. It believes in an eternal spiritual principle called Sanatana Dharma. The core scriptures are the Vedas, which form the basis of Hindu beliefs and philosophy. Hinduism sees divinity in all of creation and believes in an impersonal and personal conception of God. It teaches that all individuals have an eternal soul (Atman) that is ultimately one with the divine (Brahman).
Jainism originated in India and was founded by Jinas, or conquerors, who rediscovered the teachings of non-violence and asceticism. Followers believe in non-violence towards all living beings, and that the soul can achieve liberation from rebirth through ascetic practices and ethical living according to the teachings of the Tirthankaras. There are two major sects, Digambara and Shvetambara, who differ in practices such as ascetic nudity and idol worship. The goal of Jainism is the liberation of the soul from karmic bonds through ethical conduct, asceticism, and spiritual development.
The Jaina philosophy is based on the principles of non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possessiveness. It believes that liberation from bondage is achieved through right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct. Jainism presents a religion without belief in God, arguing that neither perception nor valid inference can prove God's existence. Instead, Jainas worship liberated souls who have attained perfect knowledge, power, and bliss.
This PPT describes the beginning of Jainism,early life and preaching of Lord Mahavir, 3 path, 5 great vows and daily life of a Jain. The PPT also gives an insight on the literature, prayer and some debatable issued under Jainism.
Jainism is one of the most beautiful and peaceful religion. In this presentation, we get he overview of the principles and the philosophy of this religion.
Jainism originated in northeastern India as a rejection of aspects of Hinduism like animal sacrifice and the caste system. It is centered around 24 great teachers called tirthankaras, with the most important being Mahavira. Jains believe in nonviolence, nonattachment, karma, and reincarnation. They seek to purify the soul through moral behavior and spiritual discipline to achieve liberation from rebirth.
Religions - Jainism: Jainism at a glance.
"Attachment and aversion are the root cause of karma, and karma originates from infatuation. Karma is the root cause of birth and death, and these are said to be the source of misery. None can escape the effect of their own past karma "
The document provides information about Jainism including that it is one of the oldest religions in the world that emphasizes non-violence and discipline. It discusses key aspects of Jainism such as its principles, philosophy including karma and rebirth, and symbols. It also provides an overview of the Jain Society of Metropolitan Chicago including its history, purpose, and expansion project to construct a new larger facility.
Hinduism is one of the world's oldest religions, with over 1 billion followers worldwide. It believes in an eternal spiritual principle called Sanatana Dharma. The core scriptures are the Vedas, which form the basis of Hindu beliefs and philosophy. Hinduism sees divinity in all of creation and believes in an impersonal and personal conception of God. It teaches that all individuals have an eternal soul (Atman) that is ultimately one with the divine (Brahman).
Jainism originated in India and was founded by Jinas, or conquerors, who rediscovered the teachings of non-violence and asceticism. Followers believe in non-violence towards all living beings, and that the soul can achieve liberation from rebirth through ascetic practices and ethical living according to the teachings of the Tirthankaras. There are two major sects, Digambara and Shvetambara, who differ in practices such as ascetic nudity and idol worship. The goal of Jainism is the liberation of the soul from karmic bonds through ethical conduct, asceticism, and spiritual development.
The Jaina philosophy is based on the principles of non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possessiveness. It believes that liberation from bondage is achieved through right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct. Jainism presents a religion without belief in God, arguing that neither perception nor valid inference can prove God's existence. Instead, Jainas worship liberated souls who have attained perfect knowledge, power, and bliss.
This PPT describes the beginning of Jainism,early life and preaching of Lord Mahavir, 3 path, 5 great vows and daily life of a Jain. The PPT also gives an insight on the literature, prayer and some debatable issued under Jainism.
Jainism is one of the most beautiful and peaceful religion. In this presentation, we get he overview of the principles and the philosophy of this religion.
Jainism originated in northeastern India as a rejection of aspects of Hinduism like animal sacrifice and the caste system. It is centered around 24 great teachers called tirthankaras, with the most important being Mahavira. Jains believe in nonviolence, nonattachment, karma, and reincarnation. They seek to purify the soul through moral behavior and spiritual discipline to achieve liberation from rebirth.
Religions - Jainism: Jainism at a glance.
"Attachment and aversion are the root cause of karma, and karma originates from infatuation. Karma is the root cause of birth and death, and these are said to be the source of misery. None can escape the effect of their own past karma "
The document provides information about Jainism including that it is one of the oldest religions in the world that emphasizes non-violence and discipline. It discusses key aspects of Jainism such as its principles, philosophy including karma and rebirth, and symbols. It also provides an overview of the Jain Society of Metropolitan Chicago including its history, purpose, and expansion project to construct a new larger facility.
The document provides an overview and summary of the Bhagavad Gita. It discusses how the Bhagavad Gita is a sacred Hindu scripture that reveals spiritual knowledge and the purpose of human existence. It also discusses how Lord Krishna establishes that the soul is eternal and present within all living beings. Finally, it summarizes the 18 chapters of the Bhagavad Gita, with each chapter focusing on a different yoga or spiritual practice.
The document provides an overview of Jainism, including its origins, principles, philosophies, beliefs, and practices. Some key points:
- Jainism originated in India and its oldest scriptures date back thousands of years. It believes in ahimsa (non-violence) and has 24 spiritual guides called Tirthankaras.
- Core principles include non-violence, non-attachment, non-stealing, truthfulness, and acceptance of multiple viewpoints. Jains follow strict vegetarian diets and lifestyle rules to minimize harm.
- The goal is to eliminate karmas through ethical conduct and spiritual practices over multiple lifetimes until reaching moksha (liberation).
Lord Mahavira was born in 599 BC in Bihar, India to a royal family. At age 30, he left his family and possessions to become a monk and spent the next 12.5 years in intense meditation and penance. He then became omniscient and traveled throughout India teaching Jain philosophy, including speaking the truth, self-control, non-attachment to wealth, non-violence, and compassion. His miraculous idol was later discovered from a hill near the Shri Mahavirji temple in Rajasthan 400 years ago and is now worshipped there. Mahavir Jayanti and Deepawali are important Jain festivals celebrating his birth and liberation.
The document provides an overview of some of the key foundations and concepts in Hinduism, including its origins in the Indus Valley civilization and Vedic traditions. It discusses concepts like dharma, karma, samsara, the four paths of yoga (karma, jnana, raja, and bhakti), and the Upanishadic idea of Brahman as the ultimate impersonal reality and Atman as the soul. The Vedas and Upanishads are also summarized as some of the earliest Hindu scriptures containing hymns, rituals, and spiritual teachings.
Jainism originated in India in the 6th century BCE as a protest against rituals in Hinduism. It teaches that souls undergo reincarnation until achieving moksha by following ahimsa (non-violence). Jainism denies a supreme being and believes in an eternal universe containing innumerable souls. Key figures are 24 Tirthankaras who teach the path to liberation, notably Mahavira in the 6th century BCE. Jains strive to minimize karma and attain moksha through ascetic practices like meditation and nonviolence.
The Charvaka philosophy was an ancient Indian school of thought that was atheistic and rejected notions of an afterlife or supernatural beings. It believed that sense perception was the only reliable source of knowledge and that consciousness and pleasure were merely physical phenomena arising from the body. The Charvaka viewed pleasure as the sole purpose of life and advocated enjoying pleasurable things like food, drink, and company while one is alive in the material world. They rejected concepts like dharma and moksha, or liberation, as they saw no evidence of an afterlife or soul separate from the body.
This document provides an overview of the Puranas, a genre of Hindu religious texts. It discusses the main characteristics of Puranas which include the creation of the world, periods of Manus, genealogies of gods and sages, and accounts of royal dynasties. It also describes some key concepts in the Puranas like the four ages (Yugas) and the concept of time. Finally, it summarizes 18 major Puranas including the Matsya, Kurma, Varaha, Brahma, Vishnu, Bhagavata, Padma, and Garuda Puranas.
The document provides background information on the Upanishads, including their origins, key concepts, authors, and the 10 principal Upanishads. It notes that the Upanishads express the striving of the human mind to understand reality and set forth fundamental conceptions. They contain lofty ideals and poetry that have moved great minds.
1) The document discusses the origins and teachings of Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama, also known as the Buddha.
2) It explains that after meditating and fasting, Siddhartha Gautama realized the Four Noble Truths about life, which formed the basis of Buddhism - that suffering is inevitable, caused by desire, and can be overcome through following the Eightfold Path.
3) The Eightfold Path involves right thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration, and leads to wisdom, enlightenment, and escaping further reincarnation and suffering.
The document provides an introduction to Krishna and the Bhagavad Gita. It discusses how Krishna imparted the teachings of the Vedas and yoga to others. The Gita was spoken around 2 million years ago to help humans in difficult times. It contains Krishna's teachings on dharma, karma, nature, and the path to self-realization. Quotes from the Gita emphasize Krishna's central role and importance of undistorted devotion to him.
Life and teachings of siddhartha gautama buddhaTouseefAhmed56
Siddhartha Gautama was born a prince in Nepal in 563 BCE and was shielded from religious teachings. At age 29, after seeing an old man, sick man, and dead man, he left his palace to live an ascetic life seeking enlightenment. After meditating under a bodhi tree for 49 days, he achieved enlightenment and became the Buddha. He then taught the Four Noble Truths about suffering and the Eightfold Path to end suffering to his first five disciples in Sarnath, India. The Four Noble Truths explain dukkha, its cause, its end, and the path to its end. The Eightfold Path consists of right understanding, thought, speech, action
This document provides information on the history and antiquity of Jainism from various sources such as literature, archaeological findings, and references in ancient texts. It discusses topics like the earliest Tirthankars that likely lived thousands of years ago according to Jain texts, references to Jain concepts in Vedic scriptures, archaeological evidence from Harappa and Mohenjodaro dating to 5000 BC, and the spread and later adoption of practices from Hinduism after periods of decline without royal patronage. It also lists the names of prominent Acharyas after Mahavira.
Vaishnavism and Shaivism are the two major traditions in Hinduism. Vaishnavism focuses on the worship of Vishnu and his ten avatars, believing Vishnu to be the supreme manifestation of the divine. Shaivism focuses on the worship of Shiva, who is seen as both a terrifying and mild deity that destroys and restores. Both traditions believe in worshipping God through manifestations and icons, with devotees perceiving icons as actual manifestations of the deities.
The Carvaka philosophy was a materialist school of thought in ancient India. It held that perception is the only valid source of knowledge and denied the existence of anything beyond the material world such as God, soul, or life after death. The Carvakas viewed pleasure as the highest goal in life and were essentially hedonists. While criticized for their views, the Carvakas made contributions to Indian philosophy by challenging other schools of thought and questioning assumptions around sources of knowledge and metaphysical concepts.
The Sankhya school of Hindu philosophy was founded by Kapila in the 7th-6th century BCE. It aims to distinguish between purusha (consciousness) and prakriti (matter) through reason and discrimination. It sees the world as emerging from the interaction of these two eternal principles. Purusha is passive and isolated while prakriti undergoes modification through the three gunas of sattva, rajas, and tamas to create the empirical world. The goal is for purusha to gain discriminative knowledge and become liberated from prakriti through understanding of their distinct natures.
The document provides an overview of Buddha's life and teachings. It discusses how Buddha sought enlightenment from many teachers but found no satisfaction until looking within. It then summarizes the Four Noble Truths about suffering and the Eightfold Path to end suffering. The document also examines Buddhist philosophy, including dependent origination, karma, impermanence, and the lack of a soul. It outlines the major schools of Buddhist philosophy and how Buddhism spread and evolved, forming the Hinayana and Mahayana traditions with ideals like the Bodhisattva.
Gautam Buddha was a religious teacher who founded Buddhism in India in the 6th century BC. He taught that desire and attachment cause suffering, and that one can reach nirvana or eternal peace by following the Noble Eightfold Path of right view, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, concentration and intention. Mahavira was the 24th and last Tirthankara or enlightened teacher of Jainism, who taught nonviolence, truth, non-stealing, chastity and non-attachment as the path to liberation from the cycle of rebirth. He organized his followers into a four-fold order of monks, nuns, laymen and laywomen.
This document provides an overview of Buddhism and Jainism. It describes the origins and key teachings of Buddhism, including the Four Noble Truths, Noble Eightfold Path, and Three Jewels. It also discusses the origins of Jainism, its principles of non-violence, non-attachment, and truthfulness. The document summarizes the beliefs around karma in Jainism and highlights important figures like Mahavir and practices like Ahimsa.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that believes the universe undergoes endless cycles of time. It teaches that living beings have souls (jivas) that accumulate karma based on their interactions, trapping them in rebirth. The 24 Jinas or prophets have provided the path to enlightenment to escape this cycle. Key beliefs include non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possession. Jainism is practiced mainly in India by about 10 million followers and has two main sects, Digambara and Svetambara, which differ on ascetic practices and gender roles.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion based on non-violence that believes souls can achieve enlightenment by shedding karmic bonds. It divided into the Digambara and Svetambara sects around 200 years after the death of Mahavira, its last prophet, over minor differences like whether monks wear clothes. The Digambara sect believes women cannot achieve enlightenment directly due to rules against nakedness and beliefs that their bodies are less non-violent, while the Svetambara sect disagrees.
- Mahavira led the life of a householder but left at age 30 to pursue spiritual awakening through intense meditation and austerities for 12 years.
- He attained omniscience and preached Jainism for 30 years, teaching non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, non-attachment, and the doctrine of anekantavada (many-sided reality).
- Key teachings included the belief in soul, karma, and rebirth; rejecting the authority of God and the Vedas; emphasizing non-violence; and advocating for women's rights and liberation.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion founded in the 6th century BC by Vardhamana Mahavira. It believes in a plurality of souls and that liberation can be obtained through nonviolence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possessiveness. Jainism emphasizes individualism and achieving enlightenment through ascetic practices and detachment from worldly pleasures to be free of karma and attain nirvana. It rejects the idea of a creator god and believes reality is complex, with many perspectives.
The document provides an overview and summary of the Bhagavad Gita. It discusses how the Bhagavad Gita is a sacred Hindu scripture that reveals spiritual knowledge and the purpose of human existence. It also discusses how Lord Krishna establishes that the soul is eternal and present within all living beings. Finally, it summarizes the 18 chapters of the Bhagavad Gita, with each chapter focusing on a different yoga or spiritual practice.
The document provides an overview of Jainism, including its origins, principles, philosophies, beliefs, and practices. Some key points:
- Jainism originated in India and its oldest scriptures date back thousands of years. It believes in ahimsa (non-violence) and has 24 spiritual guides called Tirthankaras.
- Core principles include non-violence, non-attachment, non-stealing, truthfulness, and acceptance of multiple viewpoints. Jains follow strict vegetarian diets and lifestyle rules to minimize harm.
- The goal is to eliminate karmas through ethical conduct and spiritual practices over multiple lifetimes until reaching moksha (liberation).
Lord Mahavira was born in 599 BC in Bihar, India to a royal family. At age 30, he left his family and possessions to become a monk and spent the next 12.5 years in intense meditation and penance. He then became omniscient and traveled throughout India teaching Jain philosophy, including speaking the truth, self-control, non-attachment to wealth, non-violence, and compassion. His miraculous idol was later discovered from a hill near the Shri Mahavirji temple in Rajasthan 400 years ago and is now worshipped there. Mahavir Jayanti and Deepawali are important Jain festivals celebrating his birth and liberation.
The document provides an overview of some of the key foundations and concepts in Hinduism, including its origins in the Indus Valley civilization and Vedic traditions. It discusses concepts like dharma, karma, samsara, the four paths of yoga (karma, jnana, raja, and bhakti), and the Upanishadic idea of Brahman as the ultimate impersonal reality and Atman as the soul. The Vedas and Upanishads are also summarized as some of the earliest Hindu scriptures containing hymns, rituals, and spiritual teachings.
Jainism originated in India in the 6th century BCE as a protest against rituals in Hinduism. It teaches that souls undergo reincarnation until achieving moksha by following ahimsa (non-violence). Jainism denies a supreme being and believes in an eternal universe containing innumerable souls. Key figures are 24 Tirthankaras who teach the path to liberation, notably Mahavira in the 6th century BCE. Jains strive to minimize karma and attain moksha through ascetic practices like meditation and nonviolence.
The Charvaka philosophy was an ancient Indian school of thought that was atheistic and rejected notions of an afterlife or supernatural beings. It believed that sense perception was the only reliable source of knowledge and that consciousness and pleasure were merely physical phenomena arising from the body. The Charvaka viewed pleasure as the sole purpose of life and advocated enjoying pleasurable things like food, drink, and company while one is alive in the material world. They rejected concepts like dharma and moksha, or liberation, as they saw no evidence of an afterlife or soul separate from the body.
This document provides an overview of the Puranas, a genre of Hindu religious texts. It discusses the main characteristics of Puranas which include the creation of the world, periods of Manus, genealogies of gods and sages, and accounts of royal dynasties. It also describes some key concepts in the Puranas like the four ages (Yugas) and the concept of time. Finally, it summarizes 18 major Puranas including the Matsya, Kurma, Varaha, Brahma, Vishnu, Bhagavata, Padma, and Garuda Puranas.
The document provides background information on the Upanishads, including their origins, key concepts, authors, and the 10 principal Upanishads. It notes that the Upanishads express the striving of the human mind to understand reality and set forth fundamental conceptions. They contain lofty ideals and poetry that have moved great minds.
1) The document discusses the origins and teachings of Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama, also known as the Buddha.
2) It explains that after meditating and fasting, Siddhartha Gautama realized the Four Noble Truths about life, which formed the basis of Buddhism - that suffering is inevitable, caused by desire, and can be overcome through following the Eightfold Path.
3) The Eightfold Path involves right thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration, and leads to wisdom, enlightenment, and escaping further reincarnation and suffering.
The document provides an introduction to Krishna and the Bhagavad Gita. It discusses how Krishna imparted the teachings of the Vedas and yoga to others. The Gita was spoken around 2 million years ago to help humans in difficult times. It contains Krishna's teachings on dharma, karma, nature, and the path to self-realization. Quotes from the Gita emphasize Krishna's central role and importance of undistorted devotion to him.
Life and teachings of siddhartha gautama buddhaTouseefAhmed56
Siddhartha Gautama was born a prince in Nepal in 563 BCE and was shielded from religious teachings. At age 29, after seeing an old man, sick man, and dead man, he left his palace to live an ascetic life seeking enlightenment. After meditating under a bodhi tree for 49 days, he achieved enlightenment and became the Buddha. He then taught the Four Noble Truths about suffering and the Eightfold Path to end suffering to his first five disciples in Sarnath, India. The Four Noble Truths explain dukkha, its cause, its end, and the path to its end. The Eightfold Path consists of right understanding, thought, speech, action
This document provides information on the history and antiquity of Jainism from various sources such as literature, archaeological findings, and references in ancient texts. It discusses topics like the earliest Tirthankars that likely lived thousands of years ago according to Jain texts, references to Jain concepts in Vedic scriptures, archaeological evidence from Harappa and Mohenjodaro dating to 5000 BC, and the spread and later adoption of practices from Hinduism after periods of decline without royal patronage. It also lists the names of prominent Acharyas after Mahavira.
Vaishnavism and Shaivism are the two major traditions in Hinduism. Vaishnavism focuses on the worship of Vishnu and his ten avatars, believing Vishnu to be the supreme manifestation of the divine. Shaivism focuses on the worship of Shiva, who is seen as both a terrifying and mild deity that destroys and restores. Both traditions believe in worshipping God through manifestations and icons, with devotees perceiving icons as actual manifestations of the deities.
The Carvaka philosophy was a materialist school of thought in ancient India. It held that perception is the only valid source of knowledge and denied the existence of anything beyond the material world such as God, soul, or life after death. The Carvakas viewed pleasure as the highest goal in life and were essentially hedonists. While criticized for their views, the Carvakas made contributions to Indian philosophy by challenging other schools of thought and questioning assumptions around sources of knowledge and metaphysical concepts.
The Sankhya school of Hindu philosophy was founded by Kapila in the 7th-6th century BCE. It aims to distinguish between purusha (consciousness) and prakriti (matter) through reason and discrimination. It sees the world as emerging from the interaction of these two eternal principles. Purusha is passive and isolated while prakriti undergoes modification through the three gunas of sattva, rajas, and tamas to create the empirical world. The goal is for purusha to gain discriminative knowledge and become liberated from prakriti through understanding of their distinct natures.
The document provides an overview of Buddha's life and teachings. It discusses how Buddha sought enlightenment from many teachers but found no satisfaction until looking within. It then summarizes the Four Noble Truths about suffering and the Eightfold Path to end suffering. The document also examines Buddhist philosophy, including dependent origination, karma, impermanence, and the lack of a soul. It outlines the major schools of Buddhist philosophy and how Buddhism spread and evolved, forming the Hinayana and Mahayana traditions with ideals like the Bodhisattva.
Gautam Buddha was a religious teacher who founded Buddhism in India in the 6th century BC. He taught that desire and attachment cause suffering, and that one can reach nirvana or eternal peace by following the Noble Eightfold Path of right view, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, concentration and intention. Mahavira was the 24th and last Tirthankara or enlightened teacher of Jainism, who taught nonviolence, truth, non-stealing, chastity and non-attachment as the path to liberation from the cycle of rebirth. He organized his followers into a four-fold order of monks, nuns, laymen and laywomen.
This document provides an overview of Buddhism and Jainism. It describes the origins and key teachings of Buddhism, including the Four Noble Truths, Noble Eightfold Path, and Three Jewels. It also discusses the origins of Jainism, its principles of non-violence, non-attachment, and truthfulness. The document summarizes the beliefs around karma in Jainism and highlights important figures like Mahavir and practices like Ahimsa.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that believes the universe undergoes endless cycles of time. It teaches that living beings have souls (jivas) that accumulate karma based on their interactions, trapping them in rebirth. The 24 Jinas or prophets have provided the path to enlightenment to escape this cycle. Key beliefs include non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possession. Jainism is practiced mainly in India by about 10 million followers and has two main sects, Digambara and Svetambara, which differ on ascetic practices and gender roles.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion based on non-violence that believes souls can achieve enlightenment by shedding karmic bonds. It divided into the Digambara and Svetambara sects around 200 years after the death of Mahavira, its last prophet, over minor differences like whether monks wear clothes. The Digambara sect believes women cannot achieve enlightenment directly due to rules against nakedness and beliefs that their bodies are less non-violent, while the Svetambara sect disagrees.
- Mahavira led the life of a householder but left at age 30 to pursue spiritual awakening through intense meditation and austerities for 12 years.
- He attained omniscience and preached Jainism for 30 years, teaching non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, non-attachment, and the doctrine of anekantavada (many-sided reality).
- Key teachings included the belief in soul, karma, and rebirth; rejecting the authority of God and the Vedas; emphasizing non-violence; and advocating for women's rights and liberation.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion founded in the 6th century BC by Vardhamana Mahavira. It believes in a plurality of souls and that liberation can be obtained through nonviolence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possessiveness. Jainism emphasizes individualism and achieving enlightenment through ascetic practices and detachment from worldly pleasures to be free of karma and attain nirvana. It rejects the idea of a creator god and believes reality is complex, with many perspectives.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion founded by Mahavira in the 6th century BCE that teaches nonviolence and spiritual purity through asceticism. It believes in 24 spiritual teachers with Mahavira as the most recent. Core beliefs include nonviolence, not lying, not stealing, non-possessiveness, and chastity. Jainism is divided into the Digambara and Svetambara sects which differ on ascetic practices and views on women. Major Jain councils divided the religion and compiled its scriptures.
This document provides an overview of Hinduism and Buddhism. It describes some key beliefs of Hinduism, including that God is one but known by many names, and the ultimate goal of Hindus is to attain moksha or union with Brahman. It also outlines Buddha's life and teachings, including the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path as the heart of Buddhism. The document notes similarities between Hinduism and Buddhism like karma, dharma, moksha, and reincarnation, but also differences like Buddhism rejecting Hindu rituals and castes.
Hinduism and Buddhism ppt informational presenationchereewhale
This document provides an overview of Hinduism and Buddhism. It describes some key beliefs of Hinduism, including that God is one but known by many names, and the ultimate goal of Hindus is to attain moksha or union with Brahman. It also outlines Buddha's life and teachings, including the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path as the heart of Buddhism. The document notes similarities between Hinduism and Buddhism like karma, dharma, moksha, and reincarnation, but also differences like Buddhism rejecting Hindu rituals and castes.
[Type text][Type text][Type text]Halil Ibrahim GozumReligi.docxhanneloremccaffery
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Halil Ibrahim Gozum
Religion 212
Week 10
Religion
Cosmogony - Origin of the Universe
Nature of God
View of Human Nature
View of Good and Evil
View of “Salvation”
View of After Life
Practices and Rituals
Celebrations and Festivals
Week 2
Hinduism and Jainism
Hinduism does not have a single founder.
Fisher, 2014, p 95
In Jainism, Rishabba, who is the first of the tirthankara is the founder.
Fisher, 2014 pp. 121, 124
In Hinduism, their Gods include Vishnu, the supreme God in Hindu;s Vaishnavite tradition. Krishna, either one of the Supreme Being and/or and avatar of Vishnu. Brahma is the Hindu creation God.
Shiva is one of the live primary form of God in Smarta tradition. Shakti is the form of divine feminine creative power is worshiped as the Supreme being.
Fisher, 2014 pp 84-90
In Jainism, Jains believe that they are the ones who are in control of their destiny. They believe in the power of life. They view demons as being subject to the same passions of humans. One may achieve complete liberation only in a human form.
Fisher, 2014 p.124
In Hinduism all the human beings are considered as the extension of the Brahma, the supreme being
In Jainism, the soul is not created and it has an infinite knowledge and power.
In Hinduism, the sanskirt word karma means “ actions” and refers to the fundamental Hindu principal that one’s morel actions have unavoidable and automatic effects on one’s fortunes in this lie and condition of rebirth. Fisher, 2014 p.77
Jainism teaches the two kind of karma; Ghati (Destructive)
And Aghati (Non-destructive). The soul is affected by the former and the body is affected by the latter.
In Hinduism, Salvation is the freedom from this cycle of birth and death.
Fisher, 2014 p.77
In Jainism, the main prayer, salutes the five special categories of souls that have consciousness or are on their way to achieving it to match.
In Hinduism, they believe in the rebirth and reincarnation of souls and souls are immortal.
Fisher, 2014 p.77
In Jainism, Death may be same as reborn in another physical appearance in the “earthly realm”, suffering the punishment in one of the eight hells or joining the other liberated souls in the heaven.
Fisher, 2014, p.125
In Hinduism, the central Hindu worship is Puja. Puja is a ritual to engage the senses of both devotee and the Gods. Darsham is the act of seeing and being seen by the deity to attain grace. Fisher, 2014 p.95
In Jainism, rituals are important to the Jain faith because beliefs and values are expressed through them.
In Hinduism,
Holi happens at the end of Winter and beginning fo spring.
Janmashrami is Krishna;s birthday. Ganesh is the removal of obstacles celebration
In Jainism, Divali Paryushan Mahaparva is the celebration with meditation, fasting and spiritual study.
Fisher, 2014 pp 108-111, 131-133.
Week 3
Buddhism
Alternative to the ritual oriented Brahmanism if India
There is no personal god.
Buddha was not pessimist or.
The document provides information on several major Asian religions including Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Shinto. It discusses the origins, basic beliefs, sacred texts, and other key aspects of each religion. The religions covered originate from different areas in Asia and have varying beliefs, but all have been historically and culturally influential in Asia.
Jainism originated in the 6th century BCE when Vardhamana Mahavira propagated the religion. According to Jain beliefs, there were 24 great teachers before Mahavira, with the first being Rishabhanath, who founded Jainism. Mahavira was born in 599 BCE and renounced his home at age 30 to become an ascetic. After 12 years of fasting and meditation, he attained perfect knowledge at age 42 and came to be known as Mahavira or "Great Hero." He passed away at age 72, becoming fully liberated. Jainism rejects the idea of a creator god and the Vedas, believing that salvation comes from following nonviolence and other principles
Jainism originated in the 6th century BCE when Vardhamana Mahavira propagated the religion. Mahavira was born in 599 BCE to Kshatriya parents and renounced his home at age 30 to become an ascetic. After 12 years of fasting and meditation, he attained perfect knowledge at age 42 and came to be known as Mahavira or "Great Hero." He passed away at age 72, becoming fully liberated. Jainism rejects the authority of the Vedas and the idea of a creator god. It believes in karma and reincarnation, and that salvation can be attained through right faith, knowledge, and conduct including nonviolence and control of the senses.
This document provides an introduction to world religions, beginning with an overview of major religions to be covered which include Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Islam, Shinto, early African religions, Judaism, Confucianism, and Taoism. It then discusses various definitions of religion before providing more details on the origins and beliefs of Hinduism, including its concepts of Brahman, Atman, karma, samsara, and the paths of moksha. The summary concludes with some common questions and answers about Hindu beliefs and practices.
The document provides an overview of Hinduism, the main religion in India followed by about 80% of the population. It discusses several key concepts in Hinduism including reincarnation, karma, dharma, and moksha. Reincarnation is the belief that the soul is reborn after death into another person or animal. Karma refers to actions determining one's status in the next life. Dharma are religious and moral duties that vary based on factors like caste and age. Moksha is the goal of escaping the cycle of reincarnation by merging with Brahman.
This document provides an overview of Buddhism and Jainism. It describes the origins and key teachings of Buddhism, including the Four Noble Truths, Noble Eightfold Path, and Three Jewels. It also outlines the origins of Jainism, emphasizing the principles of non-violence, non-attachment, and truthfulness. Additionally, it discusses concepts like karma, the 24 Tirthankaras, and important festivals in Jainism. Overall, the document summarizes and compares the foundations of Buddhism and Jainism.
This document provides an overview of Buddhism and Jainism. It describes the origins and key teachings of Buddhism, including the Four Noble Truths, Noble Eightfold Path, and Three Jewels. It also outlines the origins of Jainism, emphasizing the principles of non-violence, non-attachment, and truthfulness. Additionally, it discusses concepts like karma, the 24 Tirthankaras, and important festivals in Jainism. Overall, the document summarizes and compares the main beliefs and practices of these two ancient Indian religions.
This document provides an overview of Buddhism and Jainism. It describes the origins and key teachings of Buddhism, including the Four Noble Truths, Noble Eightfold Path, and Three Jewels. It also outlines the origins of Jainism, emphasizing the principles of non-violence, non-attachment, and truthfulness. Additionally, it discusses concepts like karma, the 24 Tirthankaras, and important festivals in Jainism. Overall, the document summarizes and compares the foundations of Buddhism and Jainism.
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World Religions: Mandatory Essay
The Idea of Maya
In Hinduism, the word ‘Maya’ holds a very strong place and people possess strong perceptions about it. The word actually means ‘illusion’ or something that is actually not real but still people run behind it and try to chase it in their lives. Money, wealth, and all kinds of materialistic items are associated with this word by the intellectuals of the religion. In this sense, the word Maya holds somewhat negative image. At the same time, the same word holds a positive connotation as well as people relate it to something that is the raw material or actual force behind the creation of all the things in the whole universe. So, according to this religious school of thought, Maya is everything that the whole universe is made up of. To call the world and it belonging with the word Maya means that we are actually putting into focus those people who hold false perceptions about the world and universe and for them, everything is Maya. If we look at the world as only an amalgamation of people are things, then the word is Maya for us. In reality, it is just an illusion since the world is far more than just a mixture of people and things and it is a vast topic to be talked about.
Usually, people look at the materialistic, sold, and practical aspects of this world and that is why the concept of Maya has been introduced. In reality, the world is made up of thoughts and dreams and it takes different forms like a magic. Believers of this school of thought believe that the whole universe is acting because of unimaginable magic and everything takes another form when it is destroyed or is killed/dead.
The Idea of Anatta
Buddhism holds the idea of Anatta or Anatma which means ‘no self’ or no permanent self and soul in human beings. This idea clearly rejects the ideas of Hinduism about the cycle of life and rebirth of all creatures because they possess a soul. They believe that there is no soul in human beings and these are just concepts made by human mind. They hold a firm believe that world is made up of humans and microorganisms who die at certain stages and got decayed. So there is no concept of spiritual souls or anything like that. They also believe that only those things have got ‘self’ and value which we can see and touch and which are made out of bodies and minds. While the concept of eternal source is illusion and does not hold any logic and is made up because of human thoughts, imagination, and expectations.
Buddhism highly holds believe on the objective realty of the world and only those things are real which we can feel with our body and soul and to practice the right path, one needs to understand these concepts.
Hinduism-Brahman, Atman, Samsara and Moksha
Brahman is the Holistic nature of the true believers as they all follow same thoughts and hold same perceptions about everything. Brahman is a concept that is just ‘known’. Being a Bahaman is to believ ...
World ReligionsReligionOrigin of All ThingsNature of GodCreatorVi.docxericbrooks84875
World ReligionsReligionOrigin of All ThingsNature of God/CreatorView of Human NatureView of Good and EvilView of "Salvation"View of After LifePractices and RitualsCelebrations and FestivalsMost indigenous peoples have creation stories where they believe the Creator or Great Father in the Sky made the earth, the animals and all humans. Many believe that they have lost touch or even forgotten about a Creator that their ancestors knew, but disobeyed. They believe the dark gods of the spirit world are the ones to be afraid of or to placate. Thus they believe that the Creator God, if there is one, is distant, removed and angry with them.Humans are often seen as lost or wandering from a true path that was lost to the ancestors long ago. Humans are seen as capable of good or bad and under the influence of curses, vows, incantations, or evil spirits. In this sense, they may be animistic. Many have a special shaman or witch doctor who is supposed to help them connect to the spirit worldGood and evil are seen as forces that compete for dominance in a person and in the world. Sometimes there is an ethnocentric idea that ‘our’ group is the good one and all outsiders are ‘bad’. This idea can lead to wars and conflicts.The idea of the path or the way or a lifeway is their main idea of salvation. It is the path to the good. This idea is closely aligned with a responsibility for nature and this world. Oneness with nature is for some seen as a goal of life. Others see ‘salvation’ as surviving and not being defeated by the dark spirits, thus having a long life.Some groups have a notion of an afterlife, but others do not. For example, some Native American groups believe in a “Happy Hunting Ground’ or that one goes to be with the ancestors and/or the Great Spirit. Many indigenous peoples are terrified of death and use their rituals to ward it off.Varies by country or group. Some have animal sacrifices or smoke various substances in a ritualistic manner. Dance is often used to express stories and tales of the tribe or group or the gods. Body decoration, paint, garments and drums are often used in the ritual dances. To placate the spirits, they may also cut themselves or in some cases engage in cannibalism or headhunting. An example: the Sawi people of New Guinea make peace with an enemy by swapping infants between the tribes. As long as the children live there will be peace between the two tribes. One family per tribe agrees to take in the other child and give up their own. Varies by country or group. Some have celebrations tied to the seasons of the year. Others have celebrations of victory in war or at weddings. The birth of children is often a time of great celebration. Death is universally observed in various ways depending on the culture and local beliefs. The finding of good prey when hunting would be a cause for celebration as well. Communal meals are common. For example: the Native Americans shared food with the Pilgrims who came to America. .
The document introduces Manav Dharam, which is described as realizing one's innate potential and spiritual essence. It encompasses the teachings of all religions and is the eternal wisdom of the soul. The organization Manav Utthan Sewa Samiti, founded by Shri Satpal Ji Maharaj, aims to manifest this knowledge through spiritual conferences and social service programs around the world. Shri Satpal Ji Maharaj, born in 1951, showed spiritual tendencies from a young age and grew up helping others realize their inner potential under the guidance of his enlightened father.
The document discusses several key beliefs and principles of Jainism. It states that Jains believe that animals and plants have souls equal to human souls. They practice strict non-violence and minimize resource use. The goals are to attain liberation from the cycle of rebirth through eliminating karma and ultimately live in eternal bliss. There are no gods; individuals achieve spiritual progress through right faith, knowledge, and conduct according to principles of non-violence and asceticism.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion founded by Lord Mahavira in the 6th century BC. It teaches non-violence and respect for all living beings. Lord Mahavira was the 24th and last Tirthankara, who attained perfect enlightenment and nirvana. He spread the message of Jain philosophy for 30 years after achieving kevala jnana at age 42. The core teachings of Jainism are non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-attachment through the observation of five main vows. Jain philosophy considers the soul to be eternal and believes the path to liberation and enlightenment is through disciplined non-violence
The document discusses several key topics:
1. It provides an overview of Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama, including the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path that lead to the cessation of suffering through enlightenment or Nirvana.
2. It examines perspectives on the biblical God and humanity from Augustine and Aquinas, emphasizing that faith supplements reason and humans need God to avoid failure or going astray.
3. It clarifies common misconceptions about Nirvana in Buddhism, stating it is a state of perfect insight and freedom from attachment, not inactivity or indifference to the world.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
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at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
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3. Contents
1. Jainism
2. Lord Mahavira
3. Belief in Soul and Karma
4. Nirvana
5. Non-Belief in God
6. Rejection of Vedas
7. Ahimsa
8. Freedom to Women
9. Conclusion
4. Jainism
Lord Mahavir was the twenty-fourth and last Tirthankara of the Jain religion of this era.
According to Jain philosophy, all Tirthankaras were human beings but they have attained a
state of perfection or enlightenment through meditation and self-realization.
They are the Gods of Jains. The concept of God as a creator, protector, and destroyer of the
universe does not exist in Jainism.
Also the idea of God's reincarnation as a human being to destroy the demons is not accepted in
Jainism.
5. Lord Vardhaman Mahavira
Lord Mahavir was born on the thirteenth day of rising moon of Chaitra month, 599 B.C. in Bihar,
India.
This day falls in the month of April as per English calendar. His birthday is celebrated as Mahavir
Jayanti day.
Mahavir was a prince and was given the name Vardhaman by his parents. Being son of a king,
he had many worldly pleasures, comforts, and services at his command. But at the age of thirty,
he left his family and royal household, gave up his worldly possessions, and become a monk in
search of a solution to eliminate pain, sorrow, and sufferings.
Mahavir preached that right faith (samyak-darshana), right knowledge (samyak-jnana), and
right conduct (samyak-charitra) together is the real path to attain the liberation of one's self.
6. Belief in Soul and Karma
According to Mahavira every element was a combination of material and spiritual factors.
While the material factor is perishable, the spiritual factor is external and consistently evolving
itself. He held that the soul was held in a state of bondage due to karma.
The soul can be released from the bondage by getting rid of passions.
He believed that the soul could be finally liberated only by the disintegration of Karmik force.
According to him with the decay of the karmas the intrinsic value of the soul can be highlighted
and the soul shines in full luminosity.
When the soul attains infinite greatness it becomes Paramatma, the pure soul, with infinite
knowledge, power and bliss.
7. Nirvana
The chief object of life according to Mahavira is to attain salvation. He therefore insisted on
avoiding evil Karmas, prevent all kinds of fresh Karmas and destroy the existing ones.
According to him this could be attained through five vows viz., non-injury (Ahimsa), speaking
truth (Satya), non-stealing (Asteya), non-adultery (Brahmacharya) and non-possession
(aparigraha).
In addition to taking these five vows he also insisted on principles of right conduct, right faith
and right knowledge.
8. Non-Belief in God
Mahavira did not believe in God nor did he believe that He created the world or exercised any
personal control over it.
According to him the world never comes to an end.
No matter ends, it simply changes its form. Since the universe is also composed of certain
matters it simply changes its form.
We clearly find the influence of the Sankhya philosophy as far as this principle is concerned.
Mahavira further believed that the emancipation of man does not depend on the mercy of any
outside authority.
The man was the maker of his own destiny. While leading a life of austerity and self-
mortification man can get rid of his miseries and sorrows.
9. Rejection of Vedas
Jainism also rejected the theory of the Vedas and attached no importance to the sacrificial
rituals of the Brahmans.
He believed the a Supreme Being like GOD didn’t require any sacrificial rituals.
He made people realise that salvation is the real means to attain the liberation of one's self.
10. Ahimsa
Mahavira laid too much importance on Ahimsa.
According to him all creatures, animals, plants, stones, rocks etc. possess life and one should
not do any harm to the other in speech, deed or action.
Though this principle was not entirely a new one, credit goes to the Jains that they popularized
it and thereby put an end to the practice of various types of sacrifices.
11. Freedom to Women
Mahavira favoured the freedom of women and believed that they also had the right to attain
Nirvana.
In this respect Mahavira followed the example of his predecessor, Parsva Nath. Women were
allowed in the Jain Sangha and many women became Sarmini and Sravikas.
It will be evident from the above teachings of Mahavira that he was more of a reformer of the
existing religion rather than the founder of a new faith.
12. Conclusion
Jainism is thus a moral code rather than a religion in the modern western sense of the term.
It recognised no Supreme Being, but there was a whole galaxy of deified men who had been
spiritually great. Every soul possessed the potentiality of becoming as great as they.
Besides it was also not opposed to the theory of’ caste.
It must also be remembered that Jainism did not dogmatise. According to its fundamental
logic, no absolute affirmation or denial was possible.
The result of this spirit of accommodation was that Jainism has survived in India till today,
whereas, Buddhism. its twin sister, had to look for habitation elsewhere.