This document discusses Colombia's Cluster Network ("Red Cluster Colombia") and the country's efforts to develop industry clusters. It notes that while investment has increased in Colombia, productivity has not followed. Exports remain concentrated in primary commodities and a few key products. Several government programs aim to address these issues through cluster-based initiatives. The Red Cluster Colombia network coordinates over 60 cluster initiatives across Colombia's major cities and regions, though capabilities vary regionally. The network serves as a knowledge-sharing platform to support cluster development in Colombia.

1. Colombian Cluster Network (“Red Cluster Colombia”)
and Colombia’s cluster development efforts
Marco Llinás & Alejandro Caicedo
Parallel 2.2 Cluster implementation in different parts of the world
11 November 2014

2. Colombian Cluster Network
(“Red Cluster Colombia” - RCC) and Colombia’s
cluster development efforts.
Marco Llinás V. Alejandro Caicedo
November 11th, 2014

4. Source: WSJ online y El País Spain.

5. Source : WEF

6. Problem- Productivity stagnation
Productivity hasn’t followed increase in investment.
Source: CPC with data from DANE and BID
INVESTMENT
TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY

7. Problem- Low sophistication
Share of primary exports has been increasing.
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Primary commodities, precious stones and non-monetary gold Labour-intensive and resource-intensive manufactures
Low-skill and technology-intensive manufactures Medium-skill and technology-intensive manufactures
High-skill and technology-intensive manufactures
Source: UNCTAD

8. Problem- Low diversification
Top 5 products in Colombian export basket concentrate 72% of total
exports.
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Turquía Sudáfrica Mexico Corea del Sur Brasil Malasia Perú Chile Colombia
Source: Comtrade.

9. Problem- “Tail winds” are gone
Source: www.noticiasrcn.com

10. Colombia is implementing numerous Industrial Policy efforts.
Programa de
Transformación
Productiva
Programa Rutas
Competitivas
Otros clusters de
Cámaras de
Comercio
Proyecto MCIT-KOIKA
“Desarrollo de
Mipymes bajo
enfoque Cluster”
Apuestas de
departamentos a
través de las CRC
FITI y apps.co de
MinTIC
Instrumentos
crecimiento rápido,
rentable y sostenido
de iNNpulsa
Política de CTeI (Ley
1286 y Conpes 3582
de 2009)
Fondos de regalías
(e.g. CTeI - $1.7B
para 2013-2014)
Oferta institucional
de SENA y
Colciencias para
CTeI
Política de Gestión
de Capital Humano
(Conpes 3674/2010)
Pilotos de
prospectiva de
demanda laboral del
Ministerio de Trabajo
Cadenas Productivas
del MADR
Atlas de
Complejidad
Económica para
Colombia a nivel
subnacional
Modern Industrial Policy efforts

11. Several of these efforts are Cluster-related.
Programa de
Transformación
Productiva
Programa Rutas
Competitivas
Otros clusters de
Cámaras de
Comercio
Proyecto MCIT-KOIKA
“Desarrollo de
Mipymes bajo
enfoque Cluster”
Apuestas de
departamentos a
través de las CRC
FITI y apps.co de
MinTIC
Instrumentos
crecimiento rápido,
rentable y sostenido
de iNNpulsa
Política de CTeI (Ley
1286 y Conpes 3582
de 2009)
Fondos de regalías
(e.g. CTeI - $1.7B
para 2013-2014)
Oferta institucional
de SENA y
Colciencias para
CTeI
Política de Gestión
de Capital Humano
(Conpes 3674/2010)
Pilotos de
prospectiva de
demanda laboral del
Ministerio de Trabajo
Cadenas Productivas
del MADR
Atlas de
Complejidad
Económica para
Colombia a nivel
subnacional
Modern Industrial Policy efforts

12. Medellin
6 Cluster Initiatives

13. Bogota
9 Cluster Initiatives

14. Barranquilla
5 Cluster Initiatives

15. Cali
5 Cluster Initiatives

16. There are substantial regional disparities in capabilities for implementing
cluster-based agendas

17. Rutas Competitivas – Competitive Routes Program
36 cluster initiatives in 18 departments

18. =
Knowledge
transfer
Articulation
of actors
+

19. Easy to-use library
Inventory of public offer
that could support cluster efforts
Cluster initiatives
profiles
Forums, links, news,
and newsletter

20. More than 60 cluster initiatives and +500 members…

22. @RedClusterCo
/redclusterco
Red Cluster Colombia
RCC - Red Cluster Colombia
vimeo.com/redclustercolombia
www.redclustercolombia.com

23. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IiNqI9NK8n4