This document discusses renewable energy options for providing power to a remote, mountainous town of 5,000 people with agricultural industries. There are several potential renewable energy sources available: 1) Small, fast-flowing rivers could support hydroelectric power through small dams and run-of-river turbines. 2) Abundant hot springs emitting steam indicate potential for geothermal power, which can be harnessed through dry steam, flash steam, or binary cycle systems. 3) Solar energy could also contribute through applications like solar drying of crops, greenhouse heating, and photovoltaic panels for remote electricity generation without transmission lines.

1. LMCP 1532:PEMBANGUNAN BANDAR MAPAN
TUGASAN 8:TENAGA YANG DIPERBAHARUI
Nama:Yee Xin Ni
Matrix no:A161031
Prof. Dato’ IR.DR Riza Atiq Abdullah Bin O.K. Rahmat

2. SOALAN
Sebuah bandar kecil yang terpencil amat memerlukan
bekalan tenaga untuk memajukan agro-industrinya.
Penduduk bandar itu hanya 5000 orang dan
kedudukannya di kawasan pegunungan. Terdapat banyak
sungai-sungai kecil yang deras arusnya dan juga mata air
panas yang mengeluarkan wap panas. Berikan cadangan
ringkas dengan gambar-gambar yang sesuai. Muat nak
jawapan anda

3. AGRO-INDUSTRI
◦ Agro-industries provide a means of converting raw agricultural materials into value added
products while generating income and employment and contributing to overall economic
development in both developed and developing countries.
◦ Food processing converts relatively bulky, perishable and typically inedible raw materials into
more useful, shelf-stable and palatable foods or potable beverages. Processing contributes to
food security by minimizing waste and loss in the food chain and by increasing food availability
and marketability. Food is also processed to improve its quality and safety.

4. “Terdapat banyak sungai-sungai kecil yang
deras arus”
-HYDROELECTRIC POWER
◦ This is called hydroelectric power or
hydropower. The most common type
of hydroelectric power plant uses a dam on
a river to store water in a reservoir. Water
released from the reservoir flows through a
turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a
generator to produce electricity.

5. SOLAR ENERGY
This solar barn dries hay while
saving money. Source: Centre for
the Analysis & Dissemination of
Demonstrated Energy Techniques
Using the sun to dry crops and grain is one of the oldest
applications of solar energy. Solar drying equipment can dry crops
faster and more evenly than leaving them in the field after harvest,
with the added advantage of avoiding damage by birds, pests, and
weather.
Greenhouse Heating
Remote Electricity Supply
Sunlight can also generate electricity. Photovoltaic (PV) panels are
often a cheaper option than new electric lines for providing power
to remote locations. And because they require no fuel and have no
moving parts, they are more convenient to operate and maintain
than diesel or gasoline generators.

6. “mata air panas yang mengeluarkan wap panas”-GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
◦ There are three basic designs for geothermal power plants:
◦ 1) dry steam
◦ 2) flash steam
◦ 3) binary cycle
The three basic designs for geothermal power plants: dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle.
Image: U.S. Department of Energy

7. There are three basic designs for geothermal power plants, all of which pull hot water and steam from the
ground, use it, and then return it as warm water to prolong the life of the heat source. In the simplest
design, known as dry steam, the steam goes directly through the turbine, then into a condenser where the
steam is condensed into water. In a second approach, very hot water is depressurized or "flashed" into
steam which can then be used to drive the turbine.
In the third approach, called a binary cycle system, the hot water is passed through a heat exchanger,
where it heats a second liquid—such as isobutane—in a closed loop. Isobutane boils at a lower
temperature than water, so it is more easily converted into steam to run the turbine. These three systems
are shown in the diagrams below.
The choice of which design to use is determined by the resource. If the water comes out of the well as
steam, it can be used directly, as in the first design. If it is hot water of a high enough temperature, a flash
system can be used; otherwise it must go through a heat exchanger. Since there are more hot water
resources than pure steam or high-temperature water sources, there is more growth potential in the
binary cycle, heat exchanger design.

8. CONTOH
◦ With rapid urbanizations and industrialization in the country, the risk of contamination of water
sources is very high. To ensure that the general public has access to safe drinking water, the
water bottling line was set up. The bottling line equipped with batteries of filters, micro filters,
Ultra filtration & ozonation and online testing equipment renders water safe for drinking. The
key safety aspects are complied as per the Codex Standard.

9. ◦ The hot fill technology produces a product free of any chemical preservatives hence retaining
the organoleptic properties of a fresh fruit. The assembly of homogenizer, pasteurizer and
simultaneous cooling system enhances the overall product quality packaged in hot fill pet
bottles.
◦

10. ◦ The hot fill pet-blowing machine is an automatic machine with PLC system and touch screen
monitor that facilitates efficient shaping of the PET bottles for juices and drinks.
◦

11. SOURCES
◦ http://www.ucsusa.org/clean-energy/increase-renewable-energy/solar-energy-
agriculture#.WP4LM_mGPIU
◦ http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/our-energy-choices/renewable-energy/how-geothermal-
energy-works.html#.WP9Nlvl97IV