This presentation describes how the use of Coco Peat can affect the quality of the sustainably developed compost that can be used as an organic fertilizer.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Physiochemical characterization of starch from different sorghum varietiesAlexis Prillhart
This was an investigation of techniques to isolate chemical properties of several sorghum starch sample. The morphology, gelatinization, swelling power, and solubility were determined so that results could provide evidence to support the use of sorghum starch in food products.
Potential role of microbial surfactants in environment control recovered from...SUS GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
A total of 20 samples were collected from contaminated (oil contaminated) as well as non-contaminated (agricultural) sites. A
total of 10 bacterial isolates were recovered from these samples out of which 6 were recovered from non contaminated sites
and 4 were recovered from contaminated sites gave emulsification index ranged from 44% to 73%. Different carbon sources
viz. maltose, starch, sucrose, mannitol and nitrogen sources viz. urea, peptone, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate
were screened to obtain optimum emulsification activity by KMSS09 and KIWS11. In this study mannitol and peptone was
evaluated as best carbon and nitrogen source for the production of bioemulsifier. Further these potential isolates were
evaluated for some environmental applications viz. Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery and Bacterial Adhesion to Hydrocarbon
assay having important role in bioremediation. The percentage oil recovered by KMSS09, KIWS11 and P. aeruginosa MTCC
2297 was 51.67%, 71.67% and 85.0% respectively. In BATH assay, percentage of bacterial adherence by KMSS09, KIWS11
and P. aeruginosa MTCC 2297 was 80.4%, 86.3% and 93.2% respectively showing wide applicability in bioremediation for
pollution remediation of metal and hydrocarbon contaminated field.
An Investigation Into The Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Biosulphidogenesis I...iosrjce
Anthropogenic activities like mining, processes of metallurgy and other chemical industries lead to
the discharge of a high amount of sulphate into the environment that causes serious problems to human health.
This paper illustrates the employment of thermophilic sulphate reducing bacteria for biosulphidogenesis. Two
different species have been isolated from hot water spring of Vajreshwari and Ganeshpuri,Thane, Maharashtra,
INDIA.The mechanism involved in biosulphidogenesis includes production of specific protein as well as
liberation of some extracellular polymeric compound (EPS) e.g. proteins, carbohydrate, acids etc. that are
produced during the microbial cell metabolism. These compounds plays an important role in the faster
reduction of sulphate and decrease in production rate of sulphide.The isolate was found to be of genus
Bacillusand type strain was found to be subtilis Zankar and licheniformis Sonali. The strain sequence were
deposited in NCBI database with accession number KJ939324 and KJ939325 respectively. The result highlights
the potential use of these organism in biosulphidogenesis.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Physiochemical characterization of starch from different sorghum varietiesAlexis Prillhart
This was an investigation of techniques to isolate chemical properties of several sorghum starch sample. The morphology, gelatinization, swelling power, and solubility were determined so that results could provide evidence to support the use of sorghum starch in food products.
Potential role of microbial surfactants in environment control recovered from...SUS GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
A total of 20 samples were collected from contaminated (oil contaminated) as well as non-contaminated (agricultural) sites. A
total of 10 bacterial isolates were recovered from these samples out of which 6 were recovered from non contaminated sites
and 4 were recovered from contaminated sites gave emulsification index ranged from 44% to 73%. Different carbon sources
viz. maltose, starch, sucrose, mannitol and nitrogen sources viz. urea, peptone, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate
were screened to obtain optimum emulsification activity by KMSS09 and KIWS11. In this study mannitol and peptone was
evaluated as best carbon and nitrogen source for the production of bioemulsifier. Further these potential isolates were
evaluated for some environmental applications viz. Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery and Bacterial Adhesion to Hydrocarbon
assay having important role in bioremediation. The percentage oil recovered by KMSS09, KIWS11 and P. aeruginosa MTCC
2297 was 51.67%, 71.67% and 85.0% respectively. In BATH assay, percentage of bacterial adherence by KMSS09, KIWS11
and P. aeruginosa MTCC 2297 was 80.4%, 86.3% and 93.2% respectively showing wide applicability in bioremediation for
pollution remediation of metal and hydrocarbon contaminated field.
An Investigation Into The Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Biosulphidogenesis I...iosrjce
Anthropogenic activities like mining, processes of metallurgy and other chemical industries lead to
the discharge of a high amount of sulphate into the environment that causes serious problems to human health.
This paper illustrates the employment of thermophilic sulphate reducing bacteria for biosulphidogenesis. Two
different species have been isolated from hot water spring of Vajreshwari and Ganeshpuri,Thane, Maharashtra,
INDIA.The mechanism involved in biosulphidogenesis includes production of specific protein as well as
liberation of some extracellular polymeric compound (EPS) e.g. proteins, carbohydrate, acids etc. that are
produced during the microbial cell metabolism. These compounds plays an important role in the faster
reduction of sulphate and decrease in production rate of sulphide.The isolate was found to be of genus
Bacillusand type strain was found to be subtilis Zankar and licheniformis Sonali. The strain sequence were
deposited in NCBI database with accession number KJ939324 and KJ939325 respectively. The result highlights
the potential use of these organism in biosulphidogenesis.
Virulence Phenotype, Physicochemical Properties and Biofilm Formation of Pseu...IJERA Editor
Potable water piping has been demonstrated to serve as a reservoir for opportunistic pathogens bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this report, we describe the characterization of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from water intended for human consumption by the presence of virulence factors. These strains expressed their suitability for adhesion and the formation of biofilms on polyethylene (PE). Also In this work, we were able to elucidate the factors intervening in adhesion and biofilm formation by showing the role of the substrate, the environment and bacteria. Strong correlation was observed between physicochemical properties especially the electron donor property and the surface percentage covered by cells. These results indicate that this property plays a crucial role in Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence on the PE surface. In addition, if no relationship was found between the adhesion results and hydrophobicity, it means that this property was not involved in the adhesion process of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the PE surface.
Comparative Evaluation of Fiber-glass Reinforced Plastic and Metal Biogas Dig...theijes
A 0.35m3 capacity anaerobic digestion unit for producing biogas from poultry waste in the rural communities
was designed, fabricated and tested for performance. The entire unit was made of fiber glass reinforced plastics
(FRP) to ensure good quality of the product. After construction and assembly, the biogas digestion unit was
tested and compared with a metal bio-digester of the same capacity. In each digester, 90kg poultry waste was
diluted with 191 kg of water and subjected to a retention period (45days) to make a substrate (slurry) of 8%
total solid (TS). Results showed a cumulative gas yield of 2.28m3 for the metal digester and 1.33m3 for the FRP
digester after 45 days retention period at average substrate temperature of between 250C and 34.50C while the
daily ambient temperatures varied from 24.50C to 320C and a pH of 7.92 to 9.57 for the FRP digester and 8.01
to 9.67 for the metal digester. T-test analysis of the parameters showed significant differences in the pH, biogas
volume and in temperature. It is recommended that further research be carried out on the FRP digester using
other waste substrates/co-digestion of substrates to test its efficiency in terms of biogas production.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Seedlings characters of wheat as affected by soaking with chitosan and prolin...Innspub Net
To investigate the effect of soaking with chitosan and proline levels under salinity stress on seedlings characters of wheat, a laboratory experiment was carried out at Central Laboratories in Central Administration for Seed Testing and Certification, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt, during January 2019. The experiment was conducted in factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The first factor included four levels of soaking with chitosan (0.00, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75%). The second factor integrated with five levels of soaking with proline (0, 1, 5, 9 and 13mM). The third factor incorporated with four levels of salinity i.e. 0, 4, 8 and 12dSm-1 of NaCl. The results indicated that soaking in chitosan at 0.75% recorded highest values of seedlings characters, followed by soaking in chitosan at 0.50%. The highest values of seedlings characters were produced from soaking in highest level of proline (13mM), followed soaking in proline at 9mM. The highest values of seedlings characters were obtained from the control treatment (without salinity stress), followed by salinity stress at the level of 4dSm-1 of NaCl and then salinity stress at the level of 8dSm-1 of NaCl. It could be concluded that for maximizing seedlings characters of bread wheat Shandaweel 1 cultivar under salinity stress, it could be recommended to soak with the mixture of chitosan at the rate of 0.75 or 0.50% and proline at the rates of 13 or 9mM for 6 h.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals
Optimization of physical parameters of α amylase producing brevibacillus boro...eSAT Journals
Abstract Bacteria have been regarded as treasure of many useful enzymes viz., amylases, proteases, lipases, hydrolases and reductases. Among them amylolytic enzymes have great biotechnological applications and economic exploitations. The production of α-amylases by fermentation had been thoroughly investigated and shown to be affected by a variety of physicochemical factors, such as the composition of the growth medium, the type of strain, cell growth, methods of cultivation, inoculum concentration, time of incubation, pH, temperature, salinity, carbon, nitrogen and mineral sources. The present study was carried out to optimize the α-amylase production of Brevibacillus borstelensis R1 using ten different media viz., Nutrient broth, Luria Bertain broth, Clarks & Lub medium, Pikovskaya’s medium, Tendler's non-synthetic medium, Amylase production medium, Soluble starch beef extract medium, Soybean casein digest medium, Yeast extract peptone dextrose glucose medium and Tryptone glucose beef extract medium. Among these ten media, Pikovskaya’s (PK) medium proved to be optimal for α-amylase production (1861±17U/ml). The optimized α-amylase production in PK medium by submerged fermentation (SmF) was subjected to varying physical parameters such as 24hrs incubation time, 2% inoculum size, 370C, pH 7.0 and 1% NaCl. Alpha-amylase produced by B.borostelensis R1 have many applications in starch processing, desizing of textiles, paper sizing, detergent additive, bread improvement, ethanol production, sewage treatment, effluent treatment and other fermentation processes. Keywords: Pikovskaya’s medium, incubation time, inoculum size, temperature, pH and salinity.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
ABSTRACT- Biosurfactant is a structurally diverse group of surface-active molecule, synthesized by microorganisms. Kocuria rosea and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from pesticide contaminated soil, which produces biosurfactant were studied. Curd whey was used as a cheap source of growth medium for biosurfactant production. There was formation of stable emulsions of biosurfactant containing broth with vegetable oil and kerosene. These strains produced a clear zone in oil spreading test, which is an indicative of the good biosurfactant activity. Both the strains produced extra cellular biosurfactant in the culture media and showed good foam stability in the culture medium. Biosurfactant was efficiently extracted from the culture broth by acetone-HCl precipitation. The biosurfactants from the two species, namely Kocuria rosea and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to have no effects on germinating seedlings of Glycine max, Pisum sativum and Spinacia oleracea, when treated with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% with the combination of curd whey in the making of 100ml volume. Curd whey as a control was taken with no surfactant. Our study suggested an efficient use in surfactant aided bioremediation in agricultural land.
Key-words- Biosurfactant, Kerosene, Emulsification, Oil spreading, Kocuria rosea, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Glycine max, Pisum sativum, Spinacia oleracea
Statistical optimization of process parameters for gelatinization of potato (...eSAT Journals
Abstract Potato, a cost effective source of starch, a root vegetable is grown in more than 100 countries in the world. India holds 2nd position in potato production in the world and West Bengal 1st position in India. Potato is processed into a variety of products ranging from potato powder, potato starch, frozen potato flakes, baby food and alcohol, potato chips, French fries, potato flakes/powder etc. In this study, the main objective was statistical optimization of the condition for potato gelatinization and effect of potassium metabisulphite (KMS) concentration on potato starch in gelatinization process. The range of the factors employed were gelatinization pressure, time and different concentration of KMS. The optimized gelatinization condition was 10psig for 15 minutes and 200ppm KMS. The percentage of gelatinized starch at optimized gelatinized condition was 35.67 (dry weight basis). Optimization of effective concentration of potassium metabisulphite (KMS) to retain the colour of potato was also studied and the optimized effective concentration of KMS to retain the colour was 200ppm. RSM modeling, simple regression was used as a tool to study different interactive and linear effect of different factors and significance of the factors. Keywords: potato starch, gelatinization, KMS concentration, colour retention, RSM modeling, regression equation.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
— Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), mainly Kitchen Waste
(K) with Cow Dung (C) and Fungi Culture (F) can be used to
generate energy which could save on the fossil fuels conventionally
used as source of energy. In this study, the possibility was
explored to mix Cow Dung with Fungi Culture for anaerobic
digestion, so that energy can be generated as biogas and at the
same time digested sludge can be used as fertilizer for agricultural
applications. Pre-treatment of Kitchen Waste was done by alkali
method. Anaerobic digestion (AD) was carried out in mesophilic
temperature range of 30°C to 37°C with different fermentation
slurries of 8 % total solids. Digestion was carried for a retention
period of 60 days. The gas produced was collected by the
downward displacement of water and was subsequently measured
and analyzed. The overall results showed that blending of Kitchen
waste with cow dung and fungi culture (Aspergillus flavus) had
significant improvement on the biogas yield.
Virulence Phenotype, Physicochemical Properties and Biofilm Formation of Pseu...IJERA Editor
Potable water piping has been demonstrated to serve as a reservoir for opportunistic pathogens bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this report, we describe the characterization of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from water intended for human consumption by the presence of virulence factors. These strains expressed their suitability for adhesion and the formation of biofilms on polyethylene (PE). Also In this work, we were able to elucidate the factors intervening in adhesion and biofilm formation by showing the role of the substrate, the environment and bacteria. Strong correlation was observed between physicochemical properties especially the electron donor property and the surface percentage covered by cells. These results indicate that this property plays a crucial role in Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence on the PE surface. In addition, if no relationship was found between the adhesion results and hydrophobicity, it means that this property was not involved in the adhesion process of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the PE surface.
Comparative Evaluation of Fiber-glass Reinforced Plastic and Metal Biogas Dig...theijes
A 0.35m3 capacity anaerobic digestion unit for producing biogas from poultry waste in the rural communities
was designed, fabricated and tested for performance. The entire unit was made of fiber glass reinforced plastics
(FRP) to ensure good quality of the product. After construction and assembly, the biogas digestion unit was
tested and compared with a metal bio-digester of the same capacity. In each digester, 90kg poultry waste was
diluted with 191 kg of water and subjected to a retention period (45days) to make a substrate (slurry) of 8%
total solid (TS). Results showed a cumulative gas yield of 2.28m3 for the metal digester and 1.33m3 for the FRP
digester after 45 days retention period at average substrate temperature of between 250C and 34.50C while the
daily ambient temperatures varied from 24.50C to 320C and a pH of 7.92 to 9.57 for the FRP digester and 8.01
to 9.67 for the metal digester. T-test analysis of the parameters showed significant differences in the pH, biogas
volume and in temperature. It is recommended that further research be carried out on the FRP digester using
other waste substrates/co-digestion of substrates to test its efficiency in terms of biogas production.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Seedlings characters of wheat as affected by soaking with chitosan and prolin...Innspub Net
To investigate the effect of soaking with chitosan and proline levels under salinity stress on seedlings characters of wheat, a laboratory experiment was carried out at Central Laboratories in Central Administration for Seed Testing and Certification, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt, during January 2019. The experiment was conducted in factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The first factor included four levels of soaking with chitosan (0.00, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75%). The second factor integrated with five levels of soaking with proline (0, 1, 5, 9 and 13mM). The third factor incorporated with four levels of salinity i.e. 0, 4, 8 and 12dSm-1 of NaCl. The results indicated that soaking in chitosan at 0.75% recorded highest values of seedlings characters, followed by soaking in chitosan at 0.50%. The highest values of seedlings characters were produced from soaking in highest level of proline (13mM), followed soaking in proline at 9mM. The highest values of seedlings characters were obtained from the control treatment (without salinity stress), followed by salinity stress at the level of 4dSm-1 of NaCl and then salinity stress at the level of 8dSm-1 of NaCl. It could be concluded that for maximizing seedlings characters of bread wheat Shandaweel 1 cultivar under salinity stress, it could be recommended to soak with the mixture of chitosan at the rate of 0.75 or 0.50% and proline at the rates of 13 or 9mM for 6 h.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
call for paper 2012, hard copy of journal, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper,
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals
Optimization of physical parameters of α amylase producing brevibacillus boro...eSAT Journals
Abstract Bacteria have been regarded as treasure of many useful enzymes viz., amylases, proteases, lipases, hydrolases and reductases. Among them amylolytic enzymes have great biotechnological applications and economic exploitations. The production of α-amylases by fermentation had been thoroughly investigated and shown to be affected by a variety of physicochemical factors, such as the composition of the growth medium, the type of strain, cell growth, methods of cultivation, inoculum concentration, time of incubation, pH, temperature, salinity, carbon, nitrogen and mineral sources. The present study was carried out to optimize the α-amylase production of Brevibacillus borstelensis R1 using ten different media viz., Nutrient broth, Luria Bertain broth, Clarks & Lub medium, Pikovskaya’s medium, Tendler's non-synthetic medium, Amylase production medium, Soluble starch beef extract medium, Soybean casein digest medium, Yeast extract peptone dextrose glucose medium and Tryptone glucose beef extract medium. Among these ten media, Pikovskaya’s (PK) medium proved to be optimal for α-amylase production (1861±17U/ml). The optimized α-amylase production in PK medium by submerged fermentation (SmF) was subjected to varying physical parameters such as 24hrs incubation time, 2% inoculum size, 370C, pH 7.0 and 1% NaCl. Alpha-amylase produced by B.borostelensis R1 have many applications in starch processing, desizing of textiles, paper sizing, detergent additive, bread improvement, ethanol production, sewage treatment, effluent treatment and other fermentation processes. Keywords: Pikovskaya’s medium, incubation time, inoculum size, temperature, pH and salinity.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
ABSTRACT- Biosurfactant is a structurally diverse group of surface-active molecule, synthesized by microorganisms. Kocuria rosea and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from pesticide contaminated soil, which produces biosurfactant were studied. Curd whey was used as a cheap source of growth medium for biosurfactant production. There was formation of stable emulsions of biosurfactant containing broth with vegetable oil and kerosene. These strains produced a clear zone in oil spreading test, which is an indicative of the good biosurfactant activity. Both the strains produced extra cellular biosurfactant in the culture media and showed good foam stability in the culture medium. Biosurfactant was efficiently extracted from the culture broth by acetone-HCl precipitation. The biosurfactants from the two species, namely Kocuria rosea and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to have no effects on germinating seedlings of Glycine max, Pisum sativum and Spinacia oleracea, when treated with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% with the combination of curd whey in the making of 100ml volume. Curd whey as a control was taken with no surfactant. Our study suggested an efficient use in surfactant aided bioremediation in agricultural land.
Key-words- Biosurfactant, Kerosene, Emulsification, Oil spreading, Kocuria rosea, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Glycine max, Pisum sativum, Spinacia oleracea
Statistical optimization of process parameters for gelatinization of potato (...eSAT Journals
Abstract Potato, a cost effective source of starch, a root vegetable is grown in more than 100 countries in the world. India holds 2nd position in potato production in the world and West Bengal 1st position in India. Potato is processed into a variety of products ranging from potato powder, potato starch, frozen potato flakes, baby food and alcohol, potato chips, French fries, potato flakes/powder etc. In this study, the main objective was statistical optimization of the condition for potato gelatinization and effect of potassium metabisulphite (KMS) concentration on potato starch in gelatinization process. The range of the factors employed were gelatinization pressure, time and different concentration of KMS. The optimized gelatinization condition was 10psig for 15 minutes and 200ppm KMS. The percentage of gelatinized starch at optimized gelatinized condition was 35.67 (dry weight basis). Optimization of effective concentration of potassium metabisulphite (KMS) to retain the colour of potato was also studied and the optimized effective concentration of KMS to retain the colour was 200ppm. RSM modeling, simple regression was used as a tool to study different interactive and linear effect of different factors and significance of the factors. Keywords: potato starch, gelatinization, KMS concentration, colour retention, RSM modeling, regression equation.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
— Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), mainly Kitchen Waste
(K) with Cow Dung (C) and Fungi Culture (F) can be used to
generate energy which could save on the fossil fuels conventionally
used as source of energy. In this study, the possibility was
explored to mix Cow Dung with Fungi Culture for anaerobic
digestion, so that energy can be generated as biogas and at the
same time digested sludge can be used as fertilizer for agricultural
applications. Pre-treatment of Kitchen Waste was done by alkali
method. Anaerobic digestion (AD) was carried out in mesophilic
temperature range of 30°C to 37°C with different fermentation
slurries of 8 % total solids. Digestion was carried for a retention
period of 60 days. The gas produced was collected by the
downward displacement of water and was subsequently measured
and analyzed. The overall results showed that blending of Kitchen
waste with cow dung and fungi culture (Aspergillus flavus) had
significant improvement on the biogas yield.
Comparison of kinetic models for biogas production rate from saw dusteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
internship report presented for the award of degree in soil microbiology at institute of soil and environmental science, University of agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
A series of batch and bioreactors experiments were carried out for absorption of dis-azo dyes present in
textile mill effluents under different aeration conditions. One fungal strain with five rates of air was
used to absorb direct brown dye. Five liters bioreactors were applied to study the removal performance.
The experimental results are compared for various operating conditions. The effects of airflow rate
(1/8, ¼, ½, 1, 2 v/v min) inlet on the dye removing were assessed. It was found that the rate of aeration
of ½ v/v min induced increase in dye removal percentages (72%) and fungal biomass (9.2 g); at the rate
of aeration of 2 v/v min, high dye removal percentage (77%) was recorded with a decrease in biomass
dry weight at the end of the incubation time. The results also indicated that the biomass dry weight
obtained at three flow rates of aeration was more or less similar until the end of the growth stage (after
incubation for three days). The results obtained indicate that using low rate of aeration (1/8, ¼, ½ v/v
min) was better for dye biosorption than high rate (1, 2 v/v min), and therefore it is recommended for
dis-azo dye removing.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Optimization of key factors affecting biogas production from milk waste using...Lasbet Mohamed
The study was undertaken at Bechar University and focuses on production of biogas as an alternative energy by using milk waste of Igli milk factory. The optimization of the factors affected the anaerobic digestion using experimental design gave the following results: pH = 7.5, temperature (T= 38°C) and moisture content 90%. The application of these parameters conducted to an excellent production of the biogas. The experiments were carried out in two digesters and daily gas yield from milk waste was monitored for 70 days and the total volume of gas production was found to be 25.472 L. The measurement of
the percentages of the essentials nutriments needed for the
biomethanization gave the values of 48.28%, 2.857% (75.65 mg /kg P) and 5.56% for the total organic carbon, phosphorus and
nitrogen, respectively. The biogas formed is flammable, so very
rich in methane (62%).
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
protease activity of extracellular enzyme produced by b. subtilis isolated fr...IJEAB
Background: Proteases produced by enzymatic method are more environments friendly than chemical process, and they have tremendous potential in the leather industry and in other several industries. In this study extracellular protease producing non pathogenic Bacillus subtilis was isolated from soil sample and relationship between sporulation and extracellular protease synthesis in large scale cultivation was studied. The enzyme was further characterized, purified, and tested for potential application. Result: The molecular weight of the protease was found to be ~30 KDa. Enzyme activity was checked on the presence of different metal ions and effectors. The enzyme was slightly modulated by MG++ ion, and significantly by Hg++ ion, while Zn++ ion slightly decrease the proteolytic activity. Sulfahydryl reagents, DTT slightly and β-ME significantly inhibit the enzyme. EDTA showed no effect on the enzyme suggesting that the enzyme might not be metalloprotease. PMSF, a known serine protease inhibitor was seen to totally inhibit the enzyme which indicates that the enzyme is a serine protease. The optimum enzyme activity was observed after 22 hours of incubation of B. subtilis at 37o C. Conclusions: Crude enzyme contains 285 units of enzyme which have direct dehairing activity. The enzyme was also seen to be able to remove blood and curry stain from clothes; making it a very promising candidate to be used in a leather and detergent industry. Apart from protease the bacterium was also seen to have lipase and collagenase activity. So, the bacteria are potentially good candidate for industrial application.
Screening, Production and Characterization of Biosurfactants from Caatinga´S ...inventionjournals
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Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Sustainable developed compost
1. Submitted To: Submitted By:
SOS in Biotechnology Deepti Maheshwari
M.Sc.( 3rd
Semester)
A STUDY ON USE OF COCOPEAT AS AN
ADDITIVE IN A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPED COMPOST
Under The Guidance Of
Dr. S. B. GHOSH
Scientific Officer ‘F’
NUCLEAR AGRICULTURE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY DIVISION
PESTICIDE RESIDUE AND SOIL SCIENCES SECTION
BHABHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE
MUMBAI- 400 085
3. Composting is the controlled biological decomposition of organic
wastes (plant and animal origin) by various microorganisms in the
presence of oxygen along with the release of by products such as
carbon dioxide , water and heat.
Compost (end product of composting) is stable and rich in nutrients,
having various agricultural applications.
INTRODUCTION:
Fig : The Composting Process
5. COCO PEAT – An Additive :
COCO PEAT is an agricultural by-product that is obtained during the coir
fibre production by the processing of coconut husk.
PROPERTIES OF COCO PEAT:
.
6. OBJECTIVES:
1) Production and maintenance of compost (CONTROL) in the
laboratory.
2) Production and maintenance of compost (TEST) in the laboratory.
3) Temperature and pH monitoring of the compost container
(CONTROL and TEST).
4) To estimate the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) of compost sample
(CONTROL and TEST)
5) To estimate the Total Nitrogen content of compost sample
(CONTROL and TEST)
7. 6)To carry out Seed germination assay of compost sample (CONTROL and
TEST) using following methods:
i. Seed germination assay on petri plate.
ii. Pot assay of mung seeds (Vigna radiata).
7)Isolation of lignin degrading microbes from Control compost container:
i. Alkali lignin preparation by treatment of dry leaves.
ii. Enrichment, isolation and screening of lignin degrading microbes
from compost.
8. METHODOLOGY and RESULTS:
1) Production and maintenance of compost (CONTROL) in
the laboratory
• A compost container was set up and maintained.
• The degradation activity was monitored for next 72 hrs.
0 HOUR
72 HOUR48 HOUR
24 HOUR
9. 2) Production and maintenance of compost (TEST) in the
laboratory
• A compost container was set up with the addition of coco peat as an
additive and maintained.
• The degradation activity was monitored for next 72 hrs.
0 HOUR
48 HOUR
24 HOUR
72 HOUR
10. 3) Temperature and pH monitoring of the compost container
(CONTROL and TEST)
• The temperature and pH of the compost (CONTROL and TEST )container
was monitored daily, starting from 0 hour till 72 hours.
Hours Temperature pH
Control Test Control Test
0 32.5 31.3 8.8 9
24 35.5 33.6 8 9.5
48 33.5 32.3 7.6 9.0
72 32 32 7.9 9.0
Table : Temperature and pH of the compost (CONTROL and TEST) sample
12. 4) To estimate the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) of compost
sample (CONTROL and TEST)
• The carbon content of compost sample (CONTROL and TEST) was determined
using Soil Organic Carbon Detection Kit (SOCDK) developed at Bhabha
Atomic Research Centre (BARC) .
Sample Percentage of Organic Carbon
24 hours 48 hours 72 hours
SOIL 0.5 0.45 0.45
CONTROL 1.5 1.1 0.8
TEST 1.1 1 0.9
Table : Percentage of Organic Carbon in compost (CONTROL AND TEST) sample
14. 5) To estimate the Total Nitrogen content of compost sample
(CONTROL and TEST)
• Total Nitrogen content of compost sample (CONTROL and TEST) was
determined by Spectroquant Nitrogen (total) Cell Test.
PERCENTAGE OF NITROGEN
SAMPLE 24 Hours 48 Hours 72 Hours
SOIL(mg/l) 6.8 6.5 6.4
CONTROL (mg/l) 7.6 15 0.5
TEST (mg/ml) 14.7 11.1 10.2
Table: Total Nitrogen content of compost (CONTROL and TEST) sample
15. Figure : Graphical representation of Concentration of Total Nitrogen Content
16. 6) To carry out Seed germination assay of compost sample
(CONTROL and TEST) using following methods:
i. Seed germination assay on petri plate:
Seed germination assay of Mung seeds was performed and
observations noted after 24, 48 and 72 hrs.
Seeds
Germinated
Concentration 24 Hours 48 Hours 72 Hours
0% 5 5 5
25% 5 5 5
50% 2 2 3
75% 0 0 1
100% 0 0 0
Seeds
Germinated
Concentration 24 Hours 48 Hours 72 Hours
0% 5 5 5
25% 5 5 5
50% 5 5 5
75% 4 4 4
100% 0 0 0
Number Of Germinated Seeds:
CONTROL
COMPOST
TEST
COMPOST
19. Figure : Graphical representation of root length in CONTROL and TEST sample
20. Figure : Graphical representation Germination percentage of CONTROL and TEST
sample
21. Root and shoot elongation in
0% and 25% filtrate of
CONTROL compost
Root and shoot elongation in
0% and 25% filtrate of TEST
compost
22. Figure : Graphical representation of Germination Index in CONTROL and TEST
sample
23. ii. Pot assay of mung seeds (Vigna radiata) :
Five seeds of ‘Mung bean’ were sown in each container. Seeds were
incubated in growth chamber .Visual observations were noted.
0% 25% 50%
75% 100%
24. 7) Isolation of lignin degrading microbes from Control compost
container:
i. Alkali lignin preparation by treatment of dry leaves (Ficus religiosa).
Filtered alkali lignin had a pH of 10.
ii. Enrichment, isolation and screening of lignin degrading microbes
from compost.
The CONTROL compost container yielded 4 lignin degrading microbes.
25. CONCLUSION:
The variant compost developed, showed a positive impact of coco peat on the
composting process and final compost quality.
Accelerated degradation of vegetable and fruit waste was observed visually.
The final product, that is, compost was mature & stable and produced an
earthen smell.
The compost produced was stable in terms of quality.
The seed germination bioassay data clearly indicated that 75% of TEST
compost samples can be used for soil application without deleterious effects.
This study encourages the use of coco peat as a supplement for composting
process, to obtain a compost of better physical and chemical stability.
The advantage of such compost is that it can be used as a fertilizer and
therefore enrichment of the quality of soil.
26. REFRENCES:
Bholay, A. D., Borkhataria, B. V., Jadhav, P. U., Palekar, K. S.,
Dhalkari, M. V., & Nalawade, P. M. (2012). Bacterial lignin peroxidase:
A tool for biobleaching and biodegradation of industrial
effluents. Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology, 2(1),
58-64.
de Bertoldi, M. D., Vallini, G. E., & Pera, A. (1983). The biology of
composting: a review. Waste Management & Research, 1(2), 157-176.
Diener, R. G., Collins, A. R., Martin, J. H., & Bryan, W. B. (1993).
Composting of source-separated municipal solid waste for agricultural
utilization–A conceptual approach for closing the loop. Applied
Engineering in Agriculture, 9(5), 427-436.
Prasad, M. (1996, September). Physical, chemical and biological
properties of coir dust. In International Symposium Growing Media and
Plant Nutrition in Horticulture 450 (pp. 21-30).
27. Varma, V. S. (2015). Composting of Vegetable Waste through Different
Composting Techniques (Doctoral dissertation).
Zmora-Nahum S, Markovitch O, Tarchitzky J, Chen Y. Dissolved organic carbon
(DOC) as a parameter of compost maturity. Soil BiolBiochem. 2005;37(11):2109-16.