Body weight-supported systems are being used increasingly in physical therapy to treat patients with neurological conditions. The document discusses two facilities' experiences using these systems. It describes the different types of systems at Mercy Medical Center including ones for adults and pediatrics. Physical therapist Sandra Burns discusses using the pediatric system to work on gait and other skills. The document also profiles Good Shepherd Rehabilitation Hospital and physical therapist Sue Golden, who notes positive results in patients after implementing a body weight support system. Both facilities found the systems improved mobility and provided a safe environment for patients to progress.
MSK HQ outcomes from patients attending cognitive behavioural and exercise i...Andrew Bateman
This poster was produced as part of the output by Alex Theobald's research internship. It demonstrates an engagement with item level data that emerges from our interactions with Musculoskeletal (MSK) outpatients. Patient reported outcomes like this deserve careful collation and analysis and I think that Alex has done a great job presenting the findings from his study.
In Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust we are aiming to increase research activity throughout all of our services. It was very pleasing that this poster was accepted for presentation at a prestigious PROMS conference.
MSK HQ outcomes from patients attending cognitive behavioural and exercise i...Andrew Bateman
This poster was produced as part of the output by Alex Theobald's research internship. It demonstrates an engagement with item level data that emerges from our interactions with Musculoskeletal (MSK) outpatients. Patient reported outcomes like this deserve careful collation and analysis and I think that Alex has done a great job presenting the findings from his study.
In Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust we are aiming to increase research activity throughout all of our services. It was very pleasing that this poster was accepted for presentation at a prestigious PROMS conference.
professionals chiropractor in Everett, WA, Everett back pain relief center, auto accident specialists in Everett, WA, top Everett wellness center, best postural correction in Everett,
Effect of Structured Progressive Exercise Protocol on Management of Chronic C...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Neck pain is a common degenerative condition which is associated with poor posture and advanced age related to wear and tear. It is the one of the causes of dysfunction, like low back pain. Neck pain is one of the most common conditions for referral management by a physical therapist. The most commonly intervention for the management of neck pain are exercise and rest followed by analgesics. Despite the prevalence of neck pain, there is a lack of evidence for commonly used rehabilitation interventions. OBJECTIVE To find out the effect of structured progressive exercise protocol for patients suffering from chronic cervical spine pain. METHODOLOGY A quantitative experimental research approach with pre test post test control group design was conducted in CIRS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The sample comprised of 60 patients suffering from chronic cervical spine pain. The samples were purposively selected and conveniently assigned to 30 in each experimental and control group. The background data were taken through structured interview schedule. Followed by assessment of cervical pain through structured pain assessment proforma, visual analog scale and the neck disability index. The data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, median, and “t” test. RESULTS The significant findings of the study were that, the mean post test Pain as well as NDI scores were significantly lower than the mean pre test scores of the experimental group and control group. Mean post test mean 3.3 , SD 1.93 of level of cervical pain were significantly reduced than the pretest mean 4.8 , SD 1.27 as evident from the‘t’ test was 3.70. df, 28 at 0.05 level of significance. Similarly, the post test mean 5.48 and SD 0.62 of neck disability index in cervical pain were significantly reduced than the pretest mean 7.11 and SD 0.28 as evident from the‘t’ test was 3.01at df, 28 differed significantly at 0.05 level of significance. CONCLUSION Findings of the study revealed that structured exercise protocol would be very helpful in alleviating chronic cervical spine pain and found to be more effective in experimental group than the control group. Punyashloka Nayak | Debajani Nayak "Effect of Structured Progressive Exercise Protocol on Management of Chronic Cervical Spine Pain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33332.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/33332/effect-of-structured-progressive-exercise-protocol-on-management-of-chronic-cervical-spine-pain/punyashloka-nayak
Can I Walk Again? Latest technology on Motion TherapyJennifer French
Session to address the latest in technology as it relates to motion therapy; Topics covered include: Locomotion Treadmill Training, Robotic Repetitive Motion, Exoskeletons, FES and more.
Safe Patient Handling - Reduction in Ceiling LiftsLauren Hurst
Learn how product innovations built into a hospital bed frame can help caregivers reduce dependence on costly and complicated ceiling lift technology to provide better patient care.
There research on the effectiveness of Physical Therapy for back pain is not compelling. This presentation overviews the current evidence base and discusses the potential for classification of back pain to demonstrate stronger support for Physical Therapy.
The Specific Treatment of Problems of the Spine (STOPS) trial protocol is then presented. This study was recently completed showing moderate to strong effect sizes favouring Physical Therapy over evidence-based advice.
Note that the clinical protocol details in the presentation are examples only. For the full clinical protocol visit Physical Therapy Reviews
professionals chiropractor in Everett, WA, Everett back pain relief center, auto accident specialists in Everett, WA, top Everett wellness center, best postural correction in Everett,
Effect of Structured Progressive Exercise Protocol on Management of Chronic C...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Neck pain is a common degenerative condition which is associated with poor posture and advanced age related to wear and tear. It is the one of the causes of dysfunction, like low back pain. Neck pain is one of the most common conditions for referral management by a physical therapist. The most commonly intervention for the management of neck pain are exercise and rest followed by analgesics. Despite the prevalence of neck pain, there is a lack of evidence for commonly used rehabilitation interventions. OBJECTIVE To find out the effect of structured progressive exercise protocol for patients suffering from chronic cervical spine pain. METHODOLOGY A quantitative experimental research approach with pre test post test control group design was conducted in CIRS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The sample comprised of 60 patients suffering from chronic cervical spine pain. The samples were purposively selected and conveniently assigned to 30 in each experimental and control group. The background data were taken through structured interview schedule. Followed by assessment of cervical pain through structured pain assessment proforma, visual analog scale and the neck disability index. The data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, median, and “t” test. RESULTS The significant findings of the study were that, the mean post test Pain as well as NDI scores were significantly lower than the mean pre test scores of the experimental group and control group. Mean post test mean 3.3 , SD 1.93 of level of cervical pain were significantly reduced than the pretest mean 4.8 , SD 1.27 as evident from the‘t’ test was 3.70. df, 28 at 0.05 level of significance. Similarly, the post test mean 5.48 and SD 0.62 of neck disability index in cervical pain were significantly reduced than the pretest mean 7.11 and SD 0.28 as evident from the‘t’ test was 3.01at df, 28 differed significantly at 0.05 level of significance. CONCLUSION Findings of the study revealed that structured exercise protocol would be very helpful in alleviating chronic cervical spine pain and found to be more effective in experimental group than the control group. Punyashloka Nayak | Debajani Nayak "Effect of Structured Progressive Exercise Protocol on Management of Chronic Cervical Spine Pain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33332.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/33332/effect-of-structured-progressive-exercise-protocol-on-management-of-chronic-cervical-spine-pain/punyashloka-nayak
Can I Walk Again? Latest technology on Motion TherapyJennifer French
Session to address the latest in technology as it relates to motion therapy; Topics covered include: Locomotion Treadmill Training, Robotic Repetitive Motion, Exoskeletons, FES and more.
Safe Patient Handling - Reduction in Ceiling LiftsLauren Hurst
Learn how product innovations built into a hospital bed frame can help caregivers reduce dependence on costly and complicated ceiling lift technology to provide better patient care.
There research on the effectiveness of Physical Therapy for back pain is not compelling. This presentation overviews the current evidence base and discusses the potential for classification of back pain to demonstrate stronger support for Physical Therapy.
The Specific Treatment of Problems of the Spine (STOPS) trial protocol is then presented. This study was recently completed showing moderate to strong effect sizes favouring Physical Therapy over evidence-based advice.
Note that the clinical protocol details in the presentation are examples only. For the full clinical protocol visit Physical Therapy Reviews
Joe a well respected RN with many years of experience, worked in.docxvrickens
"Joe" a well respected RN with many years of experience, worked in the intensive care unit. One afternoon a patient was brought to the unit immediately post heart surgery. Joe assumed his care, and began his assessment. Shortly after the patient's arrival, the surgeon came in to see that patient.
The surgeon decided that he needed to replace a blocked central line, although the patient did have two patent peripheral IVs. Joe assisted the surgeon with the line placement, then called for radiology to come up and confirm line placement, as per protocol. Just as Joe heard the radiology tech coming, the patient developed asystole. Joe and the surgeon instituted ACLS protocol. When the surgeon called for a medication to be pushed, Joe went to push it via the patent peripheral IV, as placement of the central line had not been confirmed. The surgeon yelled 'No! In the central line! Push it in the central line!' Joe responded, 'The central line placement has not been confirmed, so it has to go through the peripheral." At this point, the surgeon yelled, "I want it through the central line, and you have to do what I say, because I'm the physician!" Joe yelled back that he was not going to risk his license just because a physician refused to follow protocol. He told the surgeon that he would push it through the peripheral line. The surgeon was livid, but made no attempt to push the med himself, so Joe pushed it through the peripheral line. The patient was then revived.
Joe and the surgeon continued to argue after the patient was resuscitated, to the point where other staff feared a fist fight would ensue. The house manager, an RN, was called in. Joe explained the situation to her. The surgeon said "I told him he was a nurse and he had to do what I told him to do. He's not going to lose his license or get fired as long as he does what I tell him to do. But he won't listen."
The house manager responded. "Well, the hospital policy does say that central lines cannot be used until placement has been confirmed by radiology." The surgeon went berserk, yelling at everyone. The house manager then said "well, if you want, we can change that policy so if a physician says it's ok, the line can be used without confirmation."
What do you think of the house manager's response to the situation?
What, if anything, do you think Joe should have done differently?
How would you have responded?
What do you suggest should be done about this proposed change in the policy?
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
International Journal of Nursing Studies
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijns
Effect of non-nutritive sucking and sucrose alone and in combination for
repeated procedural pain in preterm infants: A randomized controlled trial
Haixia Gaoa,⁎, Mei Lib, Honglian Gaoc, Guihua Xua, Fang Lib, Jing Zhoub, Yunsu Zoub,
Honghua Jiangb
a School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
b Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical U ...
Did you know that physical therapy is not only a great tool to help you recover from surgery but also one that can help prepare you for surgery? It’s true. Physical therapy prior to surgery, sometimes called prehab, has many benefits that can help improve your surgical outcome.
Qi spine clinic is India’s first and only healthcare offering that exclusively focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of back pain, whether severe, moderate or chronic. It is an initiative of brothers Nithij and Anuj Arenja
The IMI Un-weighing Trainer enables partial weight-bearing therapy to be conducted with the assurance of patient comfort & safety, and with convenient access to the patient for manual observation and assistance. The electrical un-weighing trainer is designed to apply vertical support to remove the stress of bearing body weight; unit digitally controls weight bearing, and promotes proper posture and balance over a treadmill or the ground. The system allows patient to stand upright and use both arms freely. Harnesses give security to patients with limited trunk strength. The adjustable suspension bar adjusts to accommodate tall Children & Adults.
Former police officer Don McMullin survived a gunshot to the head, persevered through intense rehabilitation, and became a physical therapist assistant.
The University of Scranton opens a state-of-the-art learning center to house its occupational therapy, physical therapy, and exercise science programs.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
1. ody weight-supported (BWS)
track and treadmill systems are
carving out an important niche
in the treatment of patients with
a variety of neurological and related condi-
tions. As the technology is implemented at
facilities across the country, PT profes-
sionals are learning all the ways it can
benefit their populations.
Sandra Burns, PT, DPT, c/NDT,
a staff therapist at Mercy Medical
Center in Sioux City, Iowa, pri-
marily focuses on pediatrics,
with additional interest and
experience in adult neuro-
logical treatment. She told
ADVANCE about the body
weight-supported technology
in use at her facility.
“We have three different systems at Mercy
Medical Center,” she said. “One is a mobile
adult system that can be utilized over ground
or over a treadmill. We find this system use-
ful in acute care as well as on the acute rehab
unit. We also have a stationary over-tread-
mill unit that accommodates adults and
older children, typically age 10 and up. This
unit can be used for bariatric patients if need
be as well. Our newest addition is a pediatric
body weight-supported unit, which can be
used over ground or over the treadmill, in
outpatient or acute care.”
Treatment Insight
Burns has utilized the various units with a
number of different patients experiencing
neurological impairments.
GAIT & BALANCE
Supporting
Steps
The impact of body
weight-supported
systems on patients with
neurological conditions
By Brian W. Ferrie
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IMMIGRATION for PTs:
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Wendy Norelli, PT, PMA-CPT, treats patient Vanessa
Gearhart with the help of a body weight-supported
harness system at Good Shepherd Rehabilitation
Hospital in Allentown, Penn.
11 ADVANCE for Physical Therapy & Rehab Medicine May 4, 2015 www.advanceweb.com/pt
COURTESYGOODSHEPHERDREHABILITATIONNETWORK
2. “Typically, I’m working toward gait with children when using the
pediatric walker system,” she explained. “However, I’ll also use the sys-
tem for weight-bearing activities, learning to weight-shift, kick and even
catch in a safe, supported environment. In addition, I’ve used it when
working on four-point and creeping, bouncing, jumping and running
skills. The system is an excellent option when I need to have my hands
free to facilitate the appropriate muscle recruitment.”
How do her patients typically react to weight-bearing apparatus?
“The majority of the children are receptive,” Burns related. “They
enjoy the freedom of mobility and ability to complete tasks by them-
selves, so to speak. Families are reassured their children are well-sup-
ported during therapy, especially when the kids are larger or very
low-tone. Some children have sensory issues, requiring that some pre-
paratory work be completed before use of the harness system.”
Furthermore, the treatment has definitely proven effective in
Burns’ experience.
“Research supports the use of body weight-supported training for
the acquisition of gait skills,” she noted. “From an observational stand-
point, I can report profound gains in mobility skills, benefits from
weight-bearing, improved ability to fractionate and isolate movements,
as well as initiate movements spontaneously.”
Meanwhile on the East Coast, Good Shepherd Rehabilitation
Hospital, Allentown, Penn., has experienced similar success.
“We see patients here with stroke, spinal cord injury, head injury, ves-
tibular issues, concussion, multiple sclerosis, cancer, Parkinson’s, move-
ment disorders, really anything neurologic, as well as amputations,”
said Sue Golden, PT, NCS, director of neurorehabilitation therapies.
The facility implemented a body weight-supported system in
December and saw immediate positive results.
“All of the programs that we develop here are based on neuroplas-
ticity,” Golden explained. “We feel if you attack function from all
angles, you give a person the best chance of recovery, no matter what
that recovery might be.”
The system at Good Shepherd includes a track and harness.
“You can determine how much weight you’re going to take off
patients, as well as specify if you only want them to move in a certain
parameter, for example to work on side-stepping or weight-shifting.
Or you can open up the entire track and allow people to walk with
11 ADVANCE for Physical Therapy & Rehab Medicine May 4, 2015 www.advanceweb.com/pt
GAIT & BALANCE
Overall, both Burns and Golden provided nothing but positive
feedback about utilizing body weight-supported equipment for therapy.
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May 4, 2015 ADVANCE for Physical Therapy & Rehab Medicine 11
or without a device. Again, we’re looking at the challenge of balance,
proprioception, integrating vision, and the alignment for gait.”
The apparatus can be used for patients with stroke at lower or higher
levels of function, added Golden.
“You can work the core through lunges, treat patients with ampu-
tations, take a patient with incomplete spinal cord injury either with
braces or without braces who might be starting a motor-control pro-
gram. You can pre-gait, emphasizing sit-to-stand, and really focus on
helping a patient become weight-bearing through an affected leg.”
Patient Progress
Just before speaking with ADVANCE, Golden utilized the apparatus
with a fairly severe stroke patient who tends to push frequently.
“We were able to take away his assis-
tive device because he wasn’t likely to
fall, and we only allowed the tether
to go a certain length so it would
catch him if he did,” she said. “So
he started taking steps while holding
my hand and receiving directions on
weight-shifting. He really began to
trust his affected leg and walked the
most he has since his stroke.”
Golden also recalled the success of
the first patient who the therapy staff
at Good Shepherd placed in the body
weight-supported equipment.
“She’s in her early 20s and a couple
years removed from sustaining her head injury. Since the accident, she
hadn’t been able to stand on one foot. But within a couple minutes
on this apparatus, she did and was just all giggles and smiles, saying
‘I can’t believe I can do this!’”
Treatment sessions at Good Shepherd typically last an hour, with
about 45 minutes spent in the body weight-supported apparatus.
“If patients need to sit down intermittently, we’ll have them do that
in the harness,” Golden related. “And mind you, neither therapist was
sweating today while we worked with the stroke patient. That was
amazing, because I treated this man once by myself without the body
weight-supported equipment, and I was definitely perspiring.”
Overall, both Burns and Golden provided nothing but positive feed-
back about utilizing body weight-supported equipment for therapy.
“These BWS units have augmented my ability to progress patients
immensely,” said Burns. “They’ve also saved my body significant wear
and tear. I’d recommend these units to any therapist who works with
patients dealing with mobility issues. They provide a safe, supportive
environment to progress patients to the next level of mobility.”
“I think the equipment has been a wonderful addition,” Golden
added. “We’re trying to promote function through every avenue,
at every level for every person, while keeping them safe. To really
increase their repetitions of being upright and moving. I believe this
equipment is a great complement to our treatment, another tool in
our toolbox to help people.” n
Brian W. Ferrie is on staff at ADVANCE. Contact: bferrie@advance
web.com
Online
For more stroke-
related content visit
www.advanceweb.
com/ptgeriatrics