The document provides guidance on using examples, statistics, and testimony when presenting ideas. It discusses using brief examples to illustrate points, extended examples to provide more detail, and hypothetical examples to clarify ideas. The document also reviews best practices for using statistics and different types of testimony, including expert testimony, peer testimony, and testimony from ordinary people. It concludes with tips for accurately quoting or paraphrasing sources and using examples, statistics, and testimony effectively.

1. Rachel Hibner
Erin Davidson
Shane
Evelyn

2. Examples
Statistics
Testimony

3. • Specific case referred to in
Brief examples passing to illustrate point
Extended • Longer and more detailed
examples to illustrate point
Hypothetical • Describes an imaginary or
examples fictitious situation

4. Use to clarify
Use to reinforce
Use examples to personalize
Make your examples vivid
Practice delivery so you can maintain
eye contact

5. Can be stacked in
Often cited in
Can clarify and order to show
passing to
support ideas magnitude of an
strengthen points
issue

6. Are the statistics
representative?
Are statistical
measures used
correctly?
Are the statistics
from a reliable
source?

7. Mean Mode Median
Middle number in a
Number that occurs
Average value of a group of numbers
most frequently in
group of numbers (arranged highest
a group of numbers
to lowest)

8. The quotations or paraphrases used to support a
point
Expert testimony
Peer testimony
Difference between quoting & paraphrasing
Tips for using testimony

9. Testimony from
people who are
recognized experts
in the their field
Helpful to
Important to students who
use when topic are rarely
is controversial looked at as
experts

10. Testimony from
Gives a more personal
ordinary people with
viewpoint on an issue
firsthand experience
Conveys feelings,
knowledge and insight

11. Quote- testimony
that is presented
word for word
Paraphrasing-
testimony that
restates or
summarizes sources
ideas

12. More effective
More effective
then
More effective than
paraphrasing
than paraphrasing
when the quote
paraphrasing when conveys
is eloquent,
when brief the speaker’s
witty or
meaning
compelling

13. Quote or paraphrase Use testimony from
accurately qualified sources
• Don’t misquote • Example: not all
• Do not violate the celebrities are
meaning of your qualified to
paraphrase endorse certain
• Do not quote out of products
context

14. Examples – help
Statistics –
draw vivid
numerical data
images to ideas
Effective way to
Brief examples clarify & support
ideas
Make sure they are
Extended
representative,
examples/narrative
correct & reliable
Hypothetical
example