Sugar industry in pakistan and their environmental impacts
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The sugar industry in Pakistan plays an important role in the agro-based industry and economy. It is the second largest agro-based industry after textiles. The number of sugar mills has increased from 45 in 1980 to over 80 currently. Sugar production has also increased from 12 million tons in 1990-1995 to over 32 million tons from 2010-2016. However, the industry faces issues such as poor efficiency, high costs, and environmental impacts. Sugar mills generate waste water, solid waste, and gaseous emissions that require proper management to reduce pollution and protect health and safety.
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Sugar industry in pakistan
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Market Research Report : Sugar industry in india 2014 - Sample
For the complete report, get in touch with us at: info@netscribes.com
Abstract :
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Table of Contents :
Slide 1: Executive Summary
Macroeconomic Indicators
Slide 2: GDP at Factor Cost: Quarterly (2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14), Inflation Rate: Monthly (Jul 2013 – Dec 2013)
Slide 3: Gross Fiscal Deficit: Monthly (Feb 2013 – Jul 2013), Exchange Rate: Half Yearly (Oct 2013 – Mar 2014)
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Market Overview
Slide 6-10: Sugar Industry – Overview, Growth of Sugar Production(2013-2018), Growth of Sugar Consumption(2013-2018), Growth of Sugar Factories, Sugarcane – Overview, Growth of Sugarcane Production(2013-2018), Growth of Sugarcane Acreage(2013-2016), Sugar - Value Chain
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Slide 19: Drivers and Challenges – Summary
Slide 20-25: Drivers
Slide 26-28: Challenges
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The evolution of Mauritian agriculture can be divided into four periods: the Portuguese/Dutch period starting in 1507, the French period beginning in 1715 which established sugarcane as the main crop, the British period from 1810-1968 which saw sugarcane production and the sugar industry greatly increase through incentives and improved technology, and the post-independence period from 1968-1990 where sugarcane/sugar remained the dominant crop/export but declined in economic importance as the country diversified into textiles, tourism, and financial services.
Cotton for ecc 12 02-2019-moi
Cotton production contributes 1-1.7% to Pakistan's GDP but yields and production have declined in recent years due to issues like lack of price assurance for farmers, high input costs, outdated ginning technologies, and improper policies favoring competing crops like sugarcane. The document outlines ways to increase cotton production to a target of 15 million bales in 2019-2020, such as ensuring water availability, providing certified seed and pesticide support to farmers, expanding cotton cultivation areas, and modernizing ginning technologies.
Technological Advancement in Pakistan
This document discusses Pakistan's industrial sector and technological advancement. It provides details on several key industries in Pakistan including textiles, sugar, cement, and sports. It notes that textiles is the most important industry and Pakistan is a major global producer and exporter. However, Pakistan remains industrially backward compared to other countries. Some of the reasons given for this are energy crises, youth unemployment, tax evasion, terrorism, lack of technical knowledge, and low savings and investment. The document concludes by discussing some industries with potential to advance Pakistan including pharmaceuticals, surgical equipment, sports, footwear, and emphasizing the need for goals, programs, and new machinery.
Industrial sector of pakistan
The document discusses the industrial sector in Pakistan. It notes that industry plays a vital role in economic development, particularly in underdeveloped countries. It then outlines various industries in Pakistan such as textiles, sugar, cement, fertilizers, and mining. It also discusses challenges facing industry such as infrastructure issues, lack of technical skills, and energy shortages. Potential solutions proposed include improving infrastructure, increasing access to financing, encouraging foreign investment, and reducing energy shortages.
Industrial sector of pakistan
The document discusses the industrial sector in Pakistan. It notes that industry plays a vital role in economic development, particularly in underdeveloped countries. It then provides details on the various industries in Pakistan's economy, including textiles, sugar, cement, fertilizers, and sports goods. It also discusses the natural resources available and the contributions of industry to GDP, employment, and exports. Challenges to industrial growth are presented, along with recommendations to address issues like infrastructure, financing, markets, investment, education, and energy shortages.
Policy issues in pulses in India
The year 2016 is United Nations International Year of Pulses. Keeping this the slides present overview of pulses production, consumption and trade in India.
China’s Grain Policy and World
Presentation delivered by Dr. Jikun Huang (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Textile industry of pakistan
The textile industry is a major sector in Pakistan's economy, providing significant employment and contributing substantially to GDP and exports. However, the industry faces many problems that have hurt its profitability in recent decades, such as high costs, energy crises, outdated equipment, and government policies. Improving productivity, exploring new markets, ensuring quality standards, and increasing government support for the industry could help address these issues and revive Pakistan's struggling but important textile sector.
Paper 1 Dr. Salman Shah Overview of Economy of Pakistan development
The document discusses Punjab's strategy to improve productivity and competitiveness. It notes that Punjab currently has low global rankings that indicate a need for complete transformation. Punjab's strategy includes enhancing productivity and competitiveness through deregulation, improving the investment climate, improving resource efficiency, and reducing the cost of doing business. It highlights opportunities for Punjab including its large working age population, potential for urbanization, and connectivity through CPEC. The strategy aims to transform Punjab's economy from agriculture-driven to outward-looking and export-driven, fueled by socio-economic transformations.
future of industry of pakistan
This document discusses the future of industries in Pakistan. It outlines the major industries currently in Pakistan, including textiles, sugar refining, fertilizers, and cement. It then provides a brief history of industrial development from the embryonic stage in 1947 to recent growth in tertiary/service industries. It identifies factors inhibiting growth, such as high costs, environmental challenges, and political instability. The document concludes that Pakistan has shown growth averaging 6% annually but its industrial fate depends on access to cheap materials, an easy tax policy, infrastructure development, political stability, and access to cheap finance. The industrial revolution in Pakistan is still to take place.
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The document outlines Sabah's development plans from 2016-2035 across various economic components and sectors. Key areas of focus include expanding tourism infrastructure and positioning Sabah as an eco-tourism destination; strengthening palm oil productivity and sustainability; increasing crop diversification and developing downstream agro-food processing; and enhancing healthcare, education, social inclusion, and government services. Major infrastructure investments are planned for transportation, electricity, water, and ICT to support economic growth and connectivity within BIMP-EAGA and ASEAN regions. Human capital development and attracting high-skilled talent are also prioritized.
Bat
British American Tobacco's (BAT) foreign direct investment (FDI) strategy in India from 1906 to 2004 involved gradually localizing ownership and integrating its business goals with India's national development goals. Key aspects included:
1. Gradually increasing Indian ownership of BAT's Indian subsidiary ITC Ltd from 3.8% in 1954 to 68% in 2004.
2. Investing in complementary industries like tobacco, paper, packaging to boost self-sufficiency and exports.
3. Aligning investments in priority sectors like backward regions, agriculture, and social development with India's five-year plans.
4. Contributing to India's goals of import substitution, foreign exchange earnings, and employment generation.
Malaysian Development in Numbers by Prof. Jomo Kwame Sundaram
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East African countries have experienced economic growth in recent decades but remain low or lower-middle income with high poverty rates. While agriculture's share of GDP has declined, the manufacturing base is still low and exports are dominated by raw materials rather than manufactured goods. Employment remains concentrated in agriculture. Rapid population growth is putting pressure on urban labor markets. Industrial policies that develop economic complexity and firms' capabilities over time, as well as horizontal and vertical policies, will be needed to drive economic transformation in East Africa.
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Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
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在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
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◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
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◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
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学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Manitoba毕业证书)曼尼托巴大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
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- 2. INTRODUCTION • Played an important role:- • Agro based industry (2nd after textile) • Economy • Rural development • Agricultural sector GDP 3.4% 0.7%
- 3. Historical Background 2 mini industry In 1947 Rahwali
- 4. 66 69 71 83 89 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2010-2016 numberofsugarmills year Total no. of sugar mills Background 45 37 7 No.of Mills Punjab Sindh Kyber Pakhtonkwa 1980 20 sugar mills
- 5. 12,464,499 14,322,979 16,236,414 17,112,447 32,762,668 0 5,000,000 10,000,000 15,000,000 20,000,000 25,000,000 30,000,000 35,000,000 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2010-2016 Sugarproductionintones year Sugarcane Production Background
- 6. Issues • Governmental Issues • Technological issues • Economic issues – Over capitalization – Price cost of production – Credits Unavailability – Capital requirement – Taxation
- 7. Poor Efficiency/Usage of resources Poor Efficiency – Gur production – Trash – Under utilization of capacity – Low yield per hectare – Low sucrose content
- 8. Resources • Sugarcane • Water • Electricity Consumption Thermal energy Electrical energy 90-95%
- 10. Products Main Product Sugar Visual By Products Molasses Beet Pulp Bagasse Cane Wax
- 11. Environmental Impacts Waste Water Solid Waste Gaseous Emissions HSE issues Domestic Waste Water Bagasse, Molasses Boiler flue gases Accidents Spent Wash Press Mud Boiler Ash Smell Fire Office Wastes First Aid Waste Explosion
- 12. Waste Water Management • Spent Wash Parameter Value (mg/L) Standard (PEQS) (mg/L) COD 110000-120000 150 BOD 55000-60000 80 Biomethanation Tank • Spent Wash Treatment COD – 30000 BOD – 5000 Evaporation COD – 10000 BOD – 1000 Press MudCompost
- 13. Waste Management Practice Bagasse Used as Fuel, raw material in Paper industry, Animal Feed Molasses Alcohol and Ethanol Formation by fermentation and purification Press Mud Used as compost Boiler Ash Used as fertilizer with press mud, soil conditioner, in cement industry Office Waste 4R Technique is used to deal with it through an approved contractor First Aid Waste Incineration of Hazardous Waste
- 14. Gaseous Emissions Management from Boilers
- 15. OHS Issue Action Plan Smell • Good House Keeping • Regular Drain & Channels Cleaning • Proper Cane Management Fire • Proper Fire Fighting Equipment availability • Training of work force Health Effect • Provision of PPEs