Subtraction is removing objects from a group to determine how many are left. It is represented by equations like 5-2=3, meaning 3 objects are left after removing 2 from 5. Word problems can also use subtraction, like a teacher starting with 84 gifts and giving 67 to students, so 84 - 67 = 14 gifts remaining. Key words in subtraction problems include take away, fewer, less than, and remain.