Physics

1. CHEMICAL BONDING
How do elements bond?

2. Objectives:
 Identify the different ways an element bond.
 Compare and contrast ionic and covalent
bond.
 Distinguish between compound and
molecules.

3. Why it’s important?
 Chemical Bonds join the atoms in the
materials you use everyday.

4. Vocabulary:
 Ion
 Ionic bond
 Covalent bond
 Polar bond
 Metallic bond
 Molecule

5. Review: Valence Electrons
 Valence electrons are the electrons in the
highest (last outer energy) occupied energy
level of the atom.
 Valence electrons are the only electrons
generally involved in bond formation.

6. What is an ion?
 Atom or molecule that is no longer neutral
since it has lost or gained an electron.

7. Define Chemical Bonding?
 Elements that do not have a complete energy
level, tend to react.
 When the elements react, chemical bonds
are formed.

8. How do atoms bond?
 Atoms form bonds with other atoms using
electrons in their outer energy level.

9. What are the different ways atoms
bond?
 Gain Electron (+)
 Lose Electron (-)
 Pooling Electron (together)
 Sharing Electron

10. 1. Ionic Bond:
 Chemical bonding holding oppositely charged
ions together.
 Between a metal and non metal
 Responsible for gaining or losing electrons.

11. Example: Na

12. A Positive Ion (Cation):
 An atom that has lost one or more electrons.
 + charge

13. Example: Cl

14. A Negative Ion (Anion)
 An atom that has gained one or more
electrons.
 Negatively (-) charged.

15. Chemical Bond Between Na & Cl : Ionic Bond

16. Some Common Ions

17. 2. Covalent Bonding:
 Share Electrons.
 Bond that forms between non metals only.
 Produce molecular compounds.
 Ex. Hydrogen Molecule

18. Ex. Covalent Bonding

19. 2 Forms:
 Double Bond: when 2 pairs of electrons are
shared.
 Triple Bond: when 3 pairs of electrons are
shared.

20. 3. Metallic Bonding:
 Bond between metal and another metal.
 Electrons in the outer energy level are not
tightly held together----move freely (pooled)
 Electrons stick together
 Responsible for good conductivity,
malleability and ductility.

21. 4. Polar Bond:
 Bond in which electrons are shared unevenly.
 Ex. Water

22. Video
 https://youtu.be/ljvX-RMv_lw