Student ID: 22144192 Exam: 080548RR - Social and Cultural Influences on Behavior When you have completed your exam and reviewed your answers, click Submit Exam. Answers will not be recorded until you hit Submit Exam. If you need to exit before completing the exam, click Cancel Exam. Questions 1 to 20: Select the best answer to each question. Note that a question and its answers may be split across a page break, so be sure that you have seen the entire question and all the answers before choosing an answer. 1. The _______ of the personal influence process advocates that influence passes from higher-status influencers, public figures, and celebrities to the general public. A. trickle-down model B. trickle-up concept C. two-step model D. trickle-across model 2. A/An _______ group is usually a small and intimate group whose members come together on a regular basis, exhibit spontaneous interpersonal behavior, communicate face-to-face, and maintain commitment of self and concern for others in the group. A. primary B. secondary C. formal D. informal 3. The study of culture by unobtrusive observation is known as A. direct questioning. B. ethnography. C. content analysis. D. entomology. 4. In terms of dollars spent by children on various products and services, the first major category of children's expenditures is on which of the following? A. Foods and beverages B. Electronic items and toys C. Clothing D. Music 5. Brian, due to a number of personal problems, started to drink heavily and eventually became an alcoholic. Fortunately, counselors were able to help him recover from his addiction. Since then, Brian vowed never to drink again. He now admits that he feels so sorry for anyone whom he observes drinking. For Brian, alcohol abusers constitute a/an _______ reference group. A. disclaimant B. emergent C. secondary D. primary 6. In terms of dollars spent by children on various products and services, the second major category of children's expenditures is on which of the following? A. Foods and beverages B. Electronic items and toys C. Personal care products D. Music E. Clothing 7. The _______ constitute(s) the first group of consumers to adopt a new product. A. laggards B. innovators C. early majority D. early adopters 8. Due to the loss of his part-time job, Brent, who is 23 years old, returned to live with his parents in the family home. In this case, Brent can be described as a A. boomerang child. B. smart sibling. C. prodigal son. D. candidate for unemployment benefits. 9. The delay between the time when technological innovations are made available and the time when the public accepts and makes use of them, or rejects and limits their use, is known as _______ lag. A. cultural B. time C. diffusion D. usage 10. It's easier to move to a different social class in _______ than it is in any other country of the world. A. Japan B. England C. Canada D. the United States 11. Accordin.

1. Student ID: 22144192
Exam: 080548RR - Social and Cultural Influences on Behavior
When you have completed your exam and reviewed your
answers, click Submit Exam. Answers will not be recorded until
you
hit Submit Exam. If you need to exit before completing the
exam, click Cancel Exam.
Questions 1 to 20: Select the best answer to each question. Note
that a question and its answers may be split across a page
break, so be sure that you have seen the entire question and all
the answers before choosing an answer.
1. The _______ of the personal influence process advocates that
influence passes from higher-status
influencers, public figures, and celebrities to the general public.
A. trickle-down model
B. trickle-up concept
C. two-step model
D. trickle-across model
2. A/An _______ group is usually a small and intimate group
whose members come together on a regular
basis, exhibit spontaneous interpersonal behavior, communicate
face-to-face, and maintain commitment of

2. self and concern for others in the group.
A. primary
B. secondary
C. formal
D. informal
3. The study of culture by unobtrusive observation is known as
A. direct questioning.
B. ethnography.
C. content analysis.
D. entomology.
4. In terms of dollars spent by children on various products and
services, the first major category of
children's expenditures is on which of the following?
A. Foods and beverages
B. Electronic items and toys
C. Clothing
D. Music
5. Brian, due to a number of personal problems, started to drink
heavily and eventually became an
alcoholic. Fortunately, counselors were able to help him recover
from his addiction. Since then, Brian

3. vowed never to drink again. He now admits that he feels so
sorry for anyone whom he observes drinking.
For Brian, alcohol abusers constitute a/an _______ reference
group.
A. disclaimant
B. emergent
C. secondary
D. primary
6. In terms of dollars spent by children on various products and
services, the second major category of
children's expenditures is on which of the following?
A. Foods and beverages
B. Electronic items and toys
C. Personal care products
D. Music
E. Clothing
7. The _______ constitute(s) the first group of consumers to
adopt a new product.
A. laggards
B. innovators
C. early majority

4. D. early adopters
8. Due to the loss of his part-time job, Brent, who is 23 years
old, returned to live with his parents in the
family home. In this case, Brent can be described as a
A. boomerang child.
B. smart sibling.
C. prodigal son.
D. candidate for unemployment benefits.
9. The delay between the time when technological innovations
are made available and the time when the
public accepts and makes use of them, or rejects and limits their
use, is known as _______ lag.
A. cultural
B. time
C. diffusion
D. usage
10. It's easier to move to a different social class in _______
than it is in any other country of the world.
A. Japan
B. England
C. Canada

5. D. the United States
11. According to the text, the rapid pace of diffusion for smart
phones in many areas of the world,
including Sub-Saharan Africa, is due to
A. open social systems.
B. phone donations by American cell phone companies.
C. the World Bank's efforts to expand technology worldwide.
D. a USA program for developing countries.
12. Promotional appeals targeting the early majority often
employ _______ appeals.
A. factual
B. humorous
C. conformity
D. expert
13. Which of the following traits tend to characterize the
members of the Boomers II cohort?
A. Show little concern for the environment or ecologically
friendly products
B. Display a Puritanical view of sex

6. C. Lack faith in the political system
D. Refuse to go into debt to acquire material possessions
14. The _______ of the personal influence process explains
situations in which a product or style
originating in the lower socioeconomic strata eventually gains
acceptance and popularity among the elite
and celebrities, who find the novelty appealing.
A. trickle-up concept
B. multi-step model
C. two-step model
D. trickle-down model
15. The _______ method of measuring social class applies
relevant demographic and socioeconomic
criteria to assess individuals' class membership standing.
A. sociometric
B. subjective
C. reputational
D. objective
16. Which of the following statements about the African-
American population is true?
A. It spends more on basic food ingredients and beverages than
the general population.

7. B. It's growing at a faster pace than its Hispanic counterpart.
C. It can accurately be described as mostly poor.
D. It's older than the general population.
17. Members of the family whose beliefs or opinions affect
product or purchase decisions are known as
A. users.
B. gatekeepers.
C. influencers.
D. buyers.
18. Colleen is a member of the generation that created a new
meaning for the youth culture, popularizing
blue jeans, rock music, and sexual permissiveness. The Beatles
and Elvis Presley are among their favorite
End of exam
entertainers. Colleen fits the profile of the _______ cohort.
A. Boomers II
B. Generation Y
C. Generation X
D. Boomers I

8. 19. Hispanic Americans account for approximately _______
percent of the US population.
A. 7
B. 12
C. 22
D. 17
20. Online networks that are more open, with many ties and
loose social connections, are more likely than
smaller, tighter networks to
A. suffer from confirmation bias.
B. introduce new ideas to members.
C. have less diverse members.
D. raise privacy concerns.
Student ID: 22144192
Exam: 080544RR - Groundwork of the Text
When you have completed your exam and reviewed your
answers, click Submit Exam. Answers will not be recorded until
you
hit Submit Exam. If you need to exit before completing the
exam, click Cancel Exam.

9. Questions 1 to 20: Select the best answer to each question. Note
that a question and its answers may be split across a page
break, so be sure that you have seen the entire question and all
the answers before choosing an answer.
1. Which of the following concepts pertains to the discipline of
psychology?
A. Culture
B. Norms
C. Values
D. Motivation
2. E-commerce commenced in the
A. 2010s.
B. 1980s.
C. 1990s.
D. 2000s.
3. Regarding the innovation of the self-driving car, what is
predicted by the year 2020?
A. Almost 10 percent of vehicle owners will replace their cars
with access to an on-demand car fleet.
B. There will be 50 million self-driven vehicles on the road
within the United States.
C. Almost 70 percent of American households will acquire

10. semi-autonomous vehicles.
D. Almost 30 percent of American households will own a fully-
autonomous vehicle.
4. A successful positioning strategy could be based on
A. defendability.
B. uniqueness.
C. stability.
D. measurability.
5. The new marketing view that's known as the customer life
cycle refers to
A. the stages consumers pass through during their lifetime.
B. making a product that will last beyond the life expectancy of
the buyer.
C. the creation and delivery of lifetime value to consumers
during every interaction with the firm.
D. categories of products purchased by consumers as they pass
through different life stages.
6. Which of the following is an example of the concentration
targeting strategy?
A. A retailer that sells gadgets for left-handed people only

11. B. A toy manufacturer that makes some toys for children and
some for adults
C. A cruise line that advertises to families and singles
D. A tailor who individualizes each suit for each customer
7. A marketer is viewing the total market as a single large
domain with no individual segments. Which
targeting strategy is that marketer employing?
A. Customization
B. Undifferentiated
C. Multisegment
D. Concentration
8. Which of the following statements about the pay gap between
college graduates and everyone else in
American society is true?
A. It has widened over the years.
B. It has narrowed in recent years.
C. It has remained constant in recent years.
D. It has disappeared altogether.
9. The lower prices offered by e-commerce players versus those
charged by traditional brick-and-mortar
stores are made possible due to
A. low overhead and operating costs and a wider variety of

12. product offerings.
B. the virtual commercial environment and low overhead and
operating costs.
C. the virtual commercial environment and a smaller variety of
product offerings.
D. a wider variety of product offerings and the virtual
commercial environment.
10. A resort employs _______ when it shifts the firm's target
market from singles to families.
A. customization
B. multisegmentation
C. undifferentiation
D. repositioning
11. What is the primary objective of shopping behavior?
A. To acquire a good deal
B. To satisfy human needs and wants
C. To feel safe and secure
D. To improve one's physical appearance
12. Due to the overwhelming glut of information found on the
Internet, the consumer decision-making
process has become

13. A. more fun.
B. easier than before.
C. less time consuming.
D. more complicated.
13. Due to its influence on the way a home operates, a family's
decision to purchase a dog would most
likely be a/an _______ decision.
A. high-involvement
B. low-involvement
C. unnecessary
D. zero-involvement
14. A retailer who targets African Americans is using _______
segmentation.
A. psychographic
B. geographic
C. demographic
D. geodemographic

14. 15. The value of the dollar is tied to that of the euro. What does
this mean?
A. A stronger dollar raises the cost of goods the United States
imports from overseas.
B. A weaker dollar raises the cost of goods the United States
imports from overseas.
C. A weaker euro raises the cost of goods the United States
imports from overseas.
D. A stronger euro lowers the cost of goods the United States
imports from overseas.
16. When it comes to marketing, what should firms focus on?
A. Raw materials
B. Customers
C. Selling skills
D. Patents
17. A magazine that publishes different editions for different
regions of the country is implementing
_______ segmentation.
A. demographic
B. psychographic
C. geographic
D. geodemographic

15. 18. How do semi- and fully-autonomous self-driving cars
differ?
A. Semi-autonomous vehicles emit fewer pollutants into the
atmosphere than fully-autonomous ones.
B. Fully-autonomous vehicles can manage the full range of on-
road scenarios.
C. Semi-autonomous vehicles require no intervention from a
human driver.
D. Fully-autonomous vehicles are less energy efficient than
semi-autonomous ones.
19. What three customer attributes are AIO inventories designed
to reveal?
A. Aspiration, inspiration, and orientation
B. Activities, interests, and opinions
C. Access, intuition, and ownership
End of exam
D. Age, involvement, and oversaturation
20. A manufacturer of houses designs each home to suit a
specific customer's needs. That manufacturer is
employing a/an _______ targeting strategy.
A. multisegment

16. B. concentration
C. undifferentiated
D. customization