the structure of a report in a similar way to that of an essay: introduction, body, and conclusion. ... You may also be asked to include specific elements in your reports, such as a title page, table of contents, glossary, executive summary, recommendations, or appendices.

1. STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
Name ………………………. Danish saifi
Admission no. ………..…...19SCME2010003
Sem ……………………….….3rd (MTech CAD-CAM)
Subject ………………………Research methodology
Subject code………………... MCDM5019
Session……………………….2020-21

2. Overview
 This presentation will cover:
1) What is a report
2) Characteristics of a good report
3) Framework of a report

3. What is a report
 A report is a document that presents information in an organized format for a
specific audience and purpose.
 Although summaries of reports may be delivered orally, complete reports are
almost always in the form of written documents.
 The main purpose of a report is to provide the information needed for decisions
to be made and action to be taken.

4. Characteristics of a good report
 Suitable Title. A suitable title has to be provided to each report according to the
nature of contents.
 Simple.
 Promptness.
 Comparability.
 Consistency.
 Precise and Accurate.
 Relevant Information.
 Presented to Required Person or Group or Department.

5. Structure of a
report
Beginning
(introduction)
Middle
(method, result)
End
(Discussion)
 Structure your writing around the IMR&D framework and you will ensure
a beginning , middle, and end to your report

6. Beginning
Title page
Background
Acknowledgement
Summary
(abstract)
List of contents
List of tables
List of appendices
Introduction
Ain and objectives

7. Middle
method
Result/findings

8. End
Discussion
Conclusions
Recommendations
References

9. Beginning
 The title needs to concisely state the topic of the report. It needs to be
informative and descriptive so that someone just reading the title will
understand the main issue of your report. You don't need to include excessive
detail in your title but avoid being vague and too general.
Title page

10.  Background information may include both important and relevant
studies. In addition, the background of the study will discuss your
problem statement, rationale, and research questions.
Background

11.  A page of acknowledgements is usually included at the beginning of a Final
Year Project, immediately after the Table of Contents. Acknowledgements
enable you to thank all those who have helped in carrying out the research
E.g. I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of
(Organization Name)for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me
in completion of this project. I would like to express my special gratitude and
thanks to industry persons for giving me such attention and time
Acknowledgement

12.  An abstract summarizes, usually in one paragraph of 300 words or less, the
major aspects of the entire paper in a prescribed sequence that includes:
a) 1) the overall purpose of the study and the research problem(s) you
investigated.
b) 2) the basic design of the study.
c) 3) major findings or trends found as a result of your analysis.
d) 4) a brief summary of your interpretations and conclusions.
Summary (abstract)

13. An example abstract from a chemistry report

14.  A table of contents shows the reader where the various sections of the report are
located. It is written on a separate page. It includes the page numbers of each
section within the report and any appendices that are attached to the report.
It does not include the title page, abstract or executive summary.
E.g. Every report should have the following sections:
 Title page.
 Table of contents.
 Executive summary.
 Introduction.
 Discussion.
 Conclusion.
 Recommendations.
 References.
List of contents

15.  A List of Tables is a reference tool that allows your readers to quickly and
easily navigate to data in your thesis or dissertation. Construction of the list is
similar to creating a Table of Contents.
E.g.
List of tables

16.  Appendices contain material that is too detailed to include in the main report,
such as long mathematical derivations or calculations, detailed technical
drawings, or tables of raw data.
E.g. appendix include figures/tables/charts/graphs of results, statistics,
questionnaires, transcripts of interviews, pictures, lengthy derivations of equations,
maps, drawings, letters, specification or data sheets, computer program
information
List of appendices

17.  The Introduction tells the reader what the report is about. It sets the project in
its wider context, and provides the background information the reader needs to
understand the report5
Introduction

18.  Aims are statements of intent. They are usually written in broad terms. They set
out what you hope to achieve at the end of the project. Objectives, on the other
hand, should be specific statements that define measurable outcomes.
E.G. what steps will be taken to achieve the desired outcome.
Ain and objectives

19. Middle
 The method section of a report details how the research was conducted, the
research methods used and the reasons for choosing those methods.
General Rules for a methods section:
a) The methods section should be in past tense.
b) Do not list supplies used for the experiment as in a recipe.
c) Do not use narrative style writing, for example: On Tuesday we put five seeds
into six Petri dishes. ...
method

20.  The Results section should include the findings of your study and ONLY
the findings of your study. The findings include: Data presented in tables,
charts, graphs, and other figures
Result/findings

21. End
 The purpose of the discussion is to interpret and describe the significance of
your findings in light of what was already known about the research problem
being investigated, and to explain any new understanding or fresh insights
about the problem after you've taken the findings into consideration.
Discussion

22.  A conclusion summarizes the report as a whole, drawing inferences from the
entire process about what has been found, or decided, and the impact of those
findings or decisions. Even in a short report, it is useful to include a conclusion.
A conclusion demonstrates good organization.
Conclusions

23.  A recommendation report is a paper that compares two or more products or
solutions, and makes a recommendation about which is the best option. It
includes seven parts: the introduction, background information, requirements,
options, category-by-category comparisons, conclusions, and, finally,
the recommendation.
Recommendations

24.  A reference is the bracketed or footnoted piece of information within the text of
your writing that provides an acknowledgment that you are using someone
else's ideas.
 There are several systems of referencing such as the Harvard or author-date
system, footnotes or endnotes.
E.g.
References