Structures in C# are similar to classes but are value types stored on the stack. The document defines a Student struct with roll_number and Name properties, and shows how to declare a variable of the struct type, assign values to its properties, and copy one struct to another. Structs can also contain methods, as shown in the Rectangle struct example which defines a constructor, Area method, and Display method. Nested structs are also possible, like an Employee struct containing a nested Salary struct. The key differences between structs and classes are that structs are value types stored on the stack while classes are reference types.

1. Structure in C#
Dr. Neeraj Kumar Pandey

2. Structures in C#
 Structure are similar to classes in C#.
 They are value type and stored on the stack.
Defining a Struct
struct struct-name
{
data member-1;
data member-2;
}
Example
Struct student
{
public int roll_no;
public string Name;
}
Dr Neeraj Kumar Pandey
student s1;//Declare a
student

3. Assigning Values to Members
 Members variables can be accessed using the simple dot
notation as follows:-
s1.Name=“Raju”;
s1.roll_numer=“89”;
 We may also use the member variables in expressions on
the right-hand side:-
y=x1.z+60;
Dr Neeraj Kumar Pandey

4. Copying Struct
Dr Neeraj Kumar Pandey
 We can also copy values from one struct to another .
student s2;//s2 is declared
s2=s1;
 This will copy all those values from s1 to s2.
 We can also use the operator new to create struct variables
student s3= new student();
 A struct variable is initialized to the default values of its members as
soon as it declared.
 Struct data members are private by default.

5. Structs with Methods
 We can assign values to the data members using constructors.
struct Number
{
int number;
public Number(int value)
{
number= value;
}
}
The constructor will be invoked as:-
Number n1= new Number(100);
C# doesn’t support default constructors.
structs can also have other methods as members.
structs are not permitted to declare destructors.
Dr Neeraj Kumar Pandey

6. Struct with Methods(contd)
using System;
struct Rectangle
{
int a,b;
public Rectangle(int x, int y)
{
a=x;
b=y;
}
public int Area()
{
return (a*b);
}
Dr Neeraj Kumar Pandey
public void Display()
{
Console.WriteLine("Area="+
Area());
}
}
class TestRectangle
{
public static void Main()
{
Rectangle rect= new
Rectangle(10,20);
rect.Display();
}
}

7. Nested Struct
Dr Neeraj Kumar Pandey
struct Employee
{
public string name;
public int code;
public struct Salary
{
public double basic;
public double allowance;
}
}
struct M
{
public int x;
}
struct N
{
public M obj;//object of M
public int y;
}
N obj1;
obj1.obj.x=100;//x is a
member of obj, a member of
obj1
obj1.y=90;//y is a member
of obj1.

8. Difference between Class and Struct
Dr Neeraj Kumar Pandey