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STRESS THEORY

• What is stress and its impact in your life?
• Have you imagined life without stress?
• We should all know that stress is one of the
most common feeling what individuals
experience over their lives.
• For the importance of stress there has been
extensive research


                             Ikonomi Kristi 23/11/2011 ©
STRESS THEORY

i.     Psychologists have viewed stress as the
       outcomes of the neurological and physiological
       responses in a variety of anxious situations.
ii.    Research on the bodily reactions to stress and
       on the known processes that influence the
       perception of stress.
iii.   Throughout time, there have been several
       definitions about stress.



                                 Ikonomi Kristi 23/11/2011 ©
Hans Selye Theory
 Psychologists cannot give clear definition because
  there are many different situations involving stress.
  So Selye Hans defined stress as “nonspecific”
  (1985)
 This led to several definitions of stress. Each one
  focuses on different aspects of stress.
 One of the most comprehensive theories of stress
  is the “Biopsychosocial Model of Stress” (Bernard
  & Krupat, 1994). According to this, we can divide
  stress in three components:
   1. external
   2. internal
   3. interaction between the two Kristi 23/11/2011 ©
                                 Ikonomi
EXTERNAL COMPONENT
 External component: includes all environmental
  conditions before detection of stress.
 Reaction to stress produced by variety of
  psychosocial stimuli due to natural/emotional
  causes for disruption of organism’s homeostasis
  (Cannon, 1932).
 Individuals have ability to recognize when we fall in
  a stressful situation (conflicts, frustration,
  pressure).
 Most common stressors
  I. Personal
  II. Social/Familial
                                  Ikonomi Kristi 23/11/2011 ©
  III. Professional
INTERNAL COMPONENT
   Internal component: includes neurological & physiological
    responses to stress. Selye found that when we are under
    stress for a long time we go through three phases.
    I.     Alarm Reaction
    II. Stage of Resistance
    III. Exhaustion
       General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS). - Reactions that help
        organism to be mobilized in reaction to get through
        situation.
       Alarm reaction: fight-or-flight reaction with various
        neurological / physiological responses.
       Stage of Resistance: arousal state. If situation is prolonged,
        the unusual high level of hormones may setup
        homeostasis and make organism vulnerable to disease.
       Exhaustion: Bodily energy falls down - organism
        exhausted, may collapse.
                                         Ikonomi Kristi 23/11/2011 ©

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STRESS THEORY

  • 1. STRESS THEORY • What is stress and its impact in your life? • Have you imagined life without stress? • We should all know that stress is one of the most common feeling what individuals experience over their lives. • For the importance of stress there has been extensive research Ikonomi Kristi 23/11/2011 ©
  • 2. STRESS THEORY i. Psychologists have viewed stress as the outcomes of the neurological and physiological responses in a variety of anxious situations. ii. Research on the bodily reactions to stress and on the known processes that influence the perception of stress. iii. Throughout time, there have been several definitions about stress. Ikonomi Kristi 23/11/2011 ©
  • 3. Hans Selye Theory  Psychologists cannot give clear definition because there are many different situations involving stress. So Selye Hans defined stress as “nonspecific” (1985)  This led to several definitions of stress. Each one focuses on different aspects of stress.  One of the most comprehensive theories of stress is the “Biopsychosocial Model of Stress” (Bernard & Krupat, 1994). According to this, we can divide stress in three components: 1. external 2. internal 3. interaction between the two Kristi 23/11/2011 © Ikonomi
  • 4. EXTERNAL COMPONENT  External component: includes all environmental conditions before detection of stress.  Reaction to stress produced by variety of psychosocial stimuli due to natural/emotional causes for disruption of organism’s homeostasis (Cannon, 1932).  Individuals have ability to recognize when we fall in a stressful situation (conflicts, frustration, pressure).  Most common stressors I. Personal II. Social/Familial Ikonomi Kristi 23/11/2011 © III. Professional
  • 5. INTERNAL COMPONENT  Internal component: includes neurological & physiological responses to stress. Selye found that when we are under stress for a long time we go through three phases. I. Alarm Reaction II. Stage of Resistance III. Exhaustion  General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS). - Reactions that help organism to be mobilized in reaction to get through situation.  Alarm reaction: fight-or-flight reaction with various neurological / physiological responses.  Stage of Resistance: arousal state. If situation is prolonged, the unusual high level of hormones may setup homeostasis and make organism vulnerable to disease.  Exhaustion: Bodily energy falls down - organism exhausted, may collapse. Ikonomi Kristi 23/11/2011 ©