Stress is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as state of affair involving demand on physical or mental energy". Gregory Moorhead and Ricky W.Griffin define stress as “ a person’s adaptive response to a stimulus that places excessive psychological and physical demands on him or her.

1. Managing Stress and Work-Life
Balance

2.  Stress is defined by the Oxford
Dictionary as state of affair involving
demand on physical or mental energy".
 Gregory Moorhead and Ricky
W.Griffin define stress as “ a
person’s adaptive response to a
stimulus that places excessive
psychological and physical demands
on him or her.

3. Individual Differences and Stress
Personality Ability

4. Responding to Stress Physiologically
• Physiological Responses
– Fight-or-flight response
– Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome
• Alarm
• Resistance
• Exhaustion

5. Figure 9.2 An Inverted U Relationship Between
Stress and Performance

6. Stress
• Eustress
– Manageable Stress can lead to growth and enhanced
competence
• Distress
– Uncontrollable, prolonged, or overwhelming stress is
destructive.
• Acute Stress
– Immediate response to a threat or challenge
• Chronic Stress
– Ongoing exposure to stress, may seem unrelenting

7. Signs of Burnout
• Feelings of
– low personal accomplishment
– Emotional exhaustion
– depersonalization

8. Common Stress Associated Diseases
• Diminished Immunity
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Weight gain
• Hypertension
• Heart Disease
• Psoriasis/Eczema
• Digestive problems
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Alcoholism
• Substance abuse
• Insomnia
• Irritable bowel
syndrome

9. Organizational
stressors
Extra
organizational
Group
stressors
Individual
stressors
Stressors

11. Consequences of Stress
Physiological
Consequences
Behavioral
Consequences
Psychological
Consequences

12. STRATEGIES TO COPE UP WITH
STRESS

13. Coping Strategies for Individuals
• Problem-focused
– Time Management
– Mentoring
– Role Negotiation
• Emotion-focused
– Exercise
– Meditation
– Social Support
– Clinical Counseling

14. Individual strategies to cope up with the stress
 Problem-focused strategies
 Time management
 Requesting others for help
 Shifting to others job

15. Emotion –focused strategies
 Relaxation
 Exercise
 Psychological
strategies
 Recreation
 companionship

16. Organizational strategies to cope up with the
stress
 Problem-focused strategies
 Redesigning the job
 Proper selection and
placement
 Training
 Team building
 Providing day care
facilities

17. Review
• Stress is part of everyday life
– It can promote growth and competency
– If unrelenting or overwhelming it can cause
adverse effects
• Adaptive coping enhances resilience
• Maladaptive coping causes additional
problems
• Enhanced coping increases resilience while
diminishing the adverse affects of stress,
thus promoting health

18. EMOTION FOCUSED STRATEGIES
Promoting open communication within
the organization
Employee assistance programs
Mentoring
Wellness programs and personal timeoff

19. Sources of Stress
Job
Responsibilities
Personal Life
Membership in
Groups
Work-Life Balance
Environmental
Uncertainty

20. Personal Sources of Stress
• Major Life Events
– Death of a loved one
– Divorce
– Serious illness
– Getting arrested
– Getting married
– Buying a house
– Having a baby
• Minor Life Events
– Getting a speeding ticket
– Have trouble with your
in-laws
– Getting caught in traffic
– Going on vacation
– Getting a new
assignment at work

21. Job-Related Stressors
• Role conflict
• Role ambiguity
• Overload
• Underload
• Challenging assignments
• Economic well-being and job security

22. Group and Organization-Related Stressors
• Cultural differences
• Uncomfortable working conditions
• Unsafe working conditions
• Mergers and acquisitions

23. Work-Life Balance
• Elder care
• Child care
• Value conflict

24. Nonfunctional Coping Strategies
• Eating
• Drinking
• Taking drugs

25. Coping Strategies for Organizations
• Problem- focused
– Job redesign
– Job rotation
– Reduction of uncertainty
– Job security
– Company day care
– Flextime/ job sharing
– Telecommuting
• Emotion-focused
– On-site exercise facilities
– Organizational support
– Employee assistance
programs
– Personal days/
Sabbaticals

26. Opening Case:
Doing More With Less
• Is work stress out of control?
• Mounting levels of stress for employees
– Challenging economy
– Layoffs
– Global uncertainty
– Fear of terrorism
– Corporate scandal