The poem is told from the first-person perspective of a woman who is confidently addressing her critics. She states that though others may try to oppress her through words or actions, she will still rise up like dust or air. The speaker repeats the phrase "Still I'll rise" to emphasize her perseverance. The poem concludes by saying the speaker rises up from a painful past, bringing the gifts of her ancestors, as she is the dream and hope of slaves.