Stig Bøtker, Sales Director, Wärtsilä on how to efficiently harness available fuel in the most efficient way for a greener powering solution

1. “Harnessing Available Fuel in the Most
Efficient Way for Greener Powering
Solution”
11th Annual FPSO Congress
By
Stig Bøtker
Sales Director Offshore
Ship Power

2. Agenda
Wärtsilä in brief
Setting the scene
Duel fuel technology and its advantages
Power plant solutions for FPSOs
References & operational experience
Summary

3. This is Wärtsilä
SHIP POWER
POWER PLANTS
18 000 employees in 110
Countries
Net sales 2009 5.3 billion Euro
Operating results 11.2 %
SERVICES

4. This is Wärtsilä – Ship Power
Specials
Cruise Special
Merchant Offshore Navy
and Ferry Vessels
Every third ship is powered by Wärtsilä

5. This is Wärtsilä – Solution Provider
Ship Design
Power Power
Engines Automation Distribution Drives
Propulsion

6. Setting the Scene – Power Plant Fundamentals
Fuel flexibility
Energy Efficiency
Operational flexibility
Low environmental impact
Tried and tested concept
Competitive cost
Capex and Opex

7. Setting the Scene – Fuel Availability
Fuel type and availability will depend on the reservoir
characteristics and may vary with the extent of the
reservoir depletion
Type of fuel available from the reservoir may vary from gas,
light crude oil to heavy crude oil
Alternative to reservoir fuel, the fuel may be transported from
shore. This is in general an expensive solution and will due to
the transportation increase the carbon footprint.
Duel Fuel/Multiple fuel power generation facility with low
emission and high efficiency would solve many of the
fundamentals for an offshore power plant

8. Duel Fuel/Gas Engine Technologies
Gas-diesel (GD) engines: Spark-ignition gas (SG) engines: Dual-fuel (DF) engines:
• Runs on various gas / diesel • Runs only on gas. • Runs on gas with 1% diesel (gas
mixtures or alternatively on diesel. mode) or alternatively on diesel
(diesel mode).
• Combustion of gas, diesel and air • Combustion of gas and air mixture in • Combustion of gas and air mixture in
mixture in Diesel cycle. Otto cycle, triggered by spark plug Otto cycle, triggered by pilot diesel
ignition. injection (gas mode), or alternatively
combustion of diesel and air mixture
in Diesel cycle (diesel mode).
• High-pressure gas injection. • Low-pressure gas admission. • Low-pressure gas admission.
Dual-fuel (DF) engines – Multiple fuel engines
Spark-ignition gas (SG) engines
Gas-diesel (GD) engines
‘87 … ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12

9. Operating Modes for DF Technology
Engine
Gas mode
Load
Natural gas + MDO pilot 100%
Automatic and instant trip to diesel
operation in alarm/emergency situation 80%
Transfer to diesel operation at any load
on request
Diesel mode
MDO/HFO/crude + MDO pilot
Operated as an ordinary diesel engine
Transfer to gas operation at any load
below 80%
10%
Pilot fuel injection in operation also
during diesel mode operation
Transfer between modes without Gas mode Diesel mode
power interruption

10. Typical plant efficiency at full output
Typical shaft efficiencies - simple cycle prime movers –
No de-rating due to ambient temperature
48%
42%
37 %
30%
Coal Fired Small Big Size Big Size DF
Steam Plant Size Gas Gas Engine
Turbine Turbine

11. Duel fuel Engines Efficiency
The available power for a
duel fuel reciprocating
engine is constant for an
ambient temperature of less
than approximately 45
degrees
The available power for a
gas turbo generator is
highly depended on the
ambient temperature

12. Duel Fuel Engines Efficiency
The efficiency of the DF SFOC
engine depend less on the [g/kWhe]
power level compared to a Gas turbine genset
gas turbine generator Max. power limit
Wärtsilä DF genset
The DF engine are
especially more efficient
then the gas turbines for SFOC
[g/kWeh]
lower load levels
Temperature [ºC] Output (% of the MCR output
in 15ºC, i.e. ISO conditions)

13. CO2 emissions
Typical CO2 emissions in g/kWh (shaft) - simple cycle prime movers –
No de-rating due to ambient temperature
800
670
545
430
Coal Fired Small Big Size Big Size
Steam Plant Size Gas Gas Gas Engine
Fuel: Coal Turbine Turbine Fuel:Gas
Fuel:Gas Fuel:Gas

14. Dual Fuel Reciprocating Engine Characteristics
High Efficiency over the full range of ambient temperatures
and load levels
Low emissions due to the high efficiency, clean fuel and a
lean burn combustion
Full fuel flexibility “you pump it – we burn it
With all the advantages why has the solution not been able to
penetrate the market ?

15. Dual-Fuel Engine Portfolio
20DF 6L20DF 1.0 MW
8L20DF
9L20DF
34DF 6L34DF
9L34DF
12V34DF
16V34DF
20V34DF
50DF 6L50DF
8L50DF
9L50DF
12V50DF
16V50DF
18V50DF 17.55 MW
0 5 10 15

16. Power Plant Solutions for Offshore Oil & Gas
Module solutions
Module solutions will typically comprises of 2 to 4 engines
Container solutions
The container will typically comprises of 1 to 3 engines
Hull solutions
The engines will be installed directly in the hull of the
vessel

17. Module & Container Solutions
Full equipped stand alone Full equipped stand alone
container with one engine module with four engines

18. Offshore Power Plant for Brazil
Field characterized by limited availability of gas and high
power requirement due to the use of multiphase pumps
6 x18V50DF in 3 modules, total power 102 MW
Running on tri-fuel: treated crude, MDO and treated well
gas
Delivery July 2011

19. Installation in Hull
Power plant can be housed below decks – frees up
topside space
Conventional “engine room design”
No need for large suction air ducts or discharge
Low radiated heat in engine room
Noise level according to IMO

20. Power Plant For Offshore Oil and Gas applications
Dual fuel reciprocating power plants solutions are available
for offshore oil & Gas applications
Considering the advance in electrical motors and VSD a
central power plant is able to power an entire offshore
production units including compression and pumping
requirement
Reciprocating power plants are especial competitive for
power requirement up to 70 MW
Reciprocating power plants are also competitive for large
power requirement if gas only is available for a limited time
of the fields life time

21. Dual-Fuel Engines - References
Dual Fuel sold or running
Power plant
28 installations
84 engines
>640’000 running hours
LNG carriers OSV - FPSO
62 installations 8 installations
230 engines 22 engines
> 1’500’000 running hours >300’000 running hours

22. Operational Experience with Duel Fuel Engines
The Wärtsilä DF engines have now been in commercial operation on
LNG carriers for > 5 years. Experience from > 1’500’000 engine
running hours have been collected
The DF engines has met or exceeded the requirements in terms of:
Reliability, Functionality and Engine performance
Efficiency > 48% in gas mode
Fuel back up operation instantly
Low emissions
Meet predicted overhaul intervals
Because of the excellent operational experience Wartsila is willing to
sign long term service & operational contracts
The client will have a low and predictable OPEX for the engines

23. Operational Experience with Duel Fuel Engines
Extensive inspection was performed after
18000 running hours to verify the condition
of the engines
Very low wear rates
Honing marks visible in cylinder liner after
18.000 hours of operation
No piston ring wear (not measurable)
Small amount of deposits
Light tendency of discolor on liner surface

24. Summary
A power Plant solution for offshore oil & gas production
based on dual fuel reciprocating engines offer :
Fuel flexibility Yes
Energy Efficiency Yes
Operational flexibility Yes
Low environmental impact Yes
Tried and tested concept Yes
Competitive cost Test it next time and you will
be positively surprised

25. Thank you for your attention