State Pattern in Flex
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The document discusses the state pattern, including: - Allowing an object to change its behavior based on internal state changes, making it seem like the object is changing classes. - Client code interacts with the context, which behaves differently depending on its current state. - States are often singletons to avoid recreating state instances. - States can access the context via a back pointer or by passing needed data via parameters. - The state can be changed by client code, state instances, or the context itself.
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The iterator design pattern provides a way to access elements of an aggregate object sequentially without exposing its underlying representation. It hides implementation details and allows for different traversals while separating traversal code from the list itself. The pattern involves an iterator interface with methods like first(), next(), and isDone(), and an aggregate that creates an iterator and returns it. Iterators can be external, controlled by the client, or internal, controlling iteration themselves through anonymous functions or closures.
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This document discusses concurrency patterns and issues in multi-threaded programming. It introduces common concurrency primitives like threads, mutexes, and condition variables. It describes problems that can occur with race conditions and memory consistency. Several patterns for managing concurrent access are explained, including fully synchronized objects, resource ordering, copy-on-write, partitioning, and lock-free queues. The document cautions that any pattern requiring complex analysis to prove thread-safety may be fragile.
Continuous Integration, Fast Builds and Flot
This document discusses techniques for continuous integration (CI), including:
1. CI involves integrating code changes frequently and automatically through a shared code repository with automated builds and tests. This helps catch errors early and prevents integration issues.
2. As codebases grow larger, builds can slow down, hindering developer productivity and ability to deliver features quickly.
3. Various techniques can help speed up slow builds, such as splitting codebases, using faster hardware, optimizing tests, isolating dependencies, parallelizing builds, and choosing lightweight development containers. Monitoring build times is also important.
Command Pattern
The Command Design Pattern encapsulates requests as objects so that different requests can be handled uniformly. A Command defines an interface for executing an operation but delegates the responsibility of performing the operation to an associated receiver object. This allows requests to be parameterized with different receivers, queued or executed at a later time, and supported by undo/redo operations through command history.
Code Contracts API In .Net
Using the Code Contracts API for design-by-contract in .NET. Code Contracts bring design-by-contract (DbC) to .NET through runtime and static contract checking of preconditions, postconditions, and object invariants. It also extends generated XML documentation. There are some known issues like slow build times and limitations with closures and iterators, but overall it provides an easy way to add design-by-contract principles to .NET code.
LINQ/PLINQ
This document provides an overview of LINQ and PLINQ. It introduces LINQ as a programming model that allows for uniform data manipulation and querying. It discusses various LINQ implementations like LINQ to Objects. The document also covers advanced LINQ concepts like recursive lambda expressions and expression trees. It then introduces PLINQ, explaining that it uses the Task Parallel Library to enable parallel processing. The document demonstrates LINQ basics and PLINQ to show how it can speed up processing by using multiple CPU cores.
Gpu Cuda
CPU architectures are good for serial programs but have slower memory access and thread switching than GPUs. GPU architectures devote most transistors to processing elements for parallel computation on large data sets using shared memory. CUDA provides C extensions for programming GPUs for general purpose processing using a thread hierarchy of blocks and grids. Matrix addition can be accelerated on a GPU using CUDA by assigning each thread to calculate one element. Results show GPU acceleration provides speedups over CPUs for tasks in radio astronomy imaging pipelines.
Facade Pattern
The Facade pattern provides a simplified interface to a more complex subsystem. It defines a higher-level interface that makes the subsystem easier to use. The Facade shields clients from subsystem components by promoting weak coupling between the subsystems and its clients. It encapsulates the subsystem and provides a single point of access to it.
Phani Kumar - Decorator Pattern
The document discusses the Decorator design pattern, which provides a flexible alternative to subclassing by allowing additional responsibilities to be attached to an object dynamically at runtime through the use of wrapper objects known as decorators. It provides an example of using decorators to modify a coffee order by adding condiments like milk and chocolate without exploding the number of classes. The key advantages of the Decorator pattern are that it allows extending functionality without modifying existing classes and supports adding multiple decorators to an object dynamically at runtime. Some disadvantages are that it can result in more smaller classes and increase complexity when instantiating decorated components.
Composite Pattern
The Composite pattern allows clients to treat primitive objects and containers of objects uniformly by composing them into tree structures. It allows clients to treat individual objects and compositions of objects in a uniform manner. The pattern allows clients to recursively compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies.
Adapter Design Pattern
The adapter pattern converts the interface of one class into another interface that clients expect. It allows classes to work together that otherwise could not due to incompatible interfaces. There are two common implementations: class adapter uses inheritance to adapt the interface, while object adapter uses composition by delegating to the adapted class. The adapter pattern is useful for integration work to combine existing classes with mismatched interfaces.
Prototype Design Pattern
The document discusses the Prototype design pattern which specifies the kinds of objects to create using a prototypical instance, and creates new objects by copying this instance. It can avoid building a class hierarchy of factories and is used when loading classes dynamically. Prototype reduces the total number of classes needed and allows adding or removing prototypes at runtime by varying their data or structure.
Factory Method Design Pattern
The Factory Method pattern defines an interface for creating objects but allows subclasses to determine which object class to instantiate. This pattern encapsulates object creation and delegates it to subclasses, allowing classes to be extended without modifying the original code. The document also discusses why design patterns are useful, some strategies for using them like programming to interfaces, and themes and consequences of the Factory Method pattern like increased flexibility and eliminating hard-coded dependencies.
Abstract Factory Design Pattern
The abstract factory pattern provides an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes. It allows a system to be independent of how its objects are created, composed, and represented. The abstract factory pattern is a creational pattern that allows for multiple types of products to be created through a common interface.
A Little Lisp
John McCarthy created LISP in 1958 as a mathematical notation for computer programs based on lambda calculus. LISP pioneered many concepts still used today like tree data structures, automatic storage management, and self-hosting compilers. It remains influential as one of the earliest functional programming languages.
Active Object
The Active Object design pattern decouples method execution from method invocation to enhance concurrency and simplify synchronized access to an object that resides in its own thread of control. It uses a proxy and servant model where method calls made on the proxy are queued and executed asynchronously by the servant in its own thread. This allows transparent leveraging of parallelism but can complicate debugging due to differences in invocation and execution order.
Extract Composite Talk Andy
The document describes refactoring code using the Composite pattern. Originally, two classes FormTag and LinkTag contained duplicate code for looping through child nodes. This was refactored by creating a common Composite base class with the looping behavior. FormTag and LinkTag were made subclasses of Composite. The child reference and looping method were pulled up from the subclasses to the new Composite class. This removed duplication while preserving the original interface.
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