Central Susquehanna Intermediate adopted the Danielson Framework for teachers in 2013-2014, which is based on the INTASC standards and a constructivist view of teaching and learning. The INTASC standards focus on helping teachers integrate content knowledge with the needs of individual students. These standards are divided into four categories: the learner and learning, content knowledge, instructional practice, and professional responsibility. Although assistive technology may only seem related to some standards, it is relevant to all because the INTASC standards use universal design for learning principles, which incorporate technology. To meet all the standards, teachers must understand and consider assistive technologies for students who need them according to their IEPs.

1. Central Susquehanna Intermediate adopted the Danielson Framework for teachers in the 2013 – 2014 school
year. “The Framework for Teaching is a research-based set of components of instruction, aligned to the
INTASC standards, and grounded in a constructivist view of learning and teaching.”
“In 1987, INTASC was formed to reform the licensing, preparation and professional development of
teachers. This goal was based on the idea that the well trained teacher should integrate content knowledge
with the requirements of students and specific strengths to make sure that all students are able to learn and
perform well at the higher levels.”
These standards are broken in four categories:
 The Learner and Learning
o Standard 1: Learner Development
o Standard 2: Learning Differences
o Standard 3: Learning Environments
 Content Knowledge
o Standard 4: Content Knowledge
o Standard 5: Application of Content
 Instructional Practice
o Standard 6: Assessment
o Standard 7: Planning for Instruction
o Standard 8: Instructional Strategies
 Professional Responsibility
o Standard 9: Professional Learning and Ethical Practice
o Standard 10: Leadership and Collaboration
Although it may seem as if Assistive Technology relates to only some of the standards, in fact, it relates to all
standards because the INTASC uses the principles of UDL, which utilizes technology in its principles. The
first category, The Learner and Learning, teachers are to understand learning and developmental patterns.
It also addresses the need to understand the diverse set of learners needs and to create an environment
where individual student needs are met. To reach these standards, assistive technology would need to be
understood, considered, and implemented to for students with IEPs. In the Content Knowledge Category,
teachers need to assure that their students master content using multiple means of communication, which
means that all students need to communicate including students with communication needs who use
technology. Effective Instructional Practices, the third category, includes integrating assessment, planning
and instructional strategies. Teachers need to utilize multiple means of assessment, develops instruction,
and uses a variety of instructional strategies to support individual student needs. This requires a teacher to
use various technologies to achieve these standards. Finally, under the category of Professional
Responsibility, teachers are required to engage in connected professional development to meet the needs of
all their students. They are all responsible for acting as a leader and collaborating with other professionals,
staff, and families to meet the needs of each learner. Again, to meet each learners needs, a teacher would
need to collaborate with specialists and families to determine what technologies should be utilized for
success. Because each area is centered around meeting each individual students educational needs, this
includes students who use assistive technology; therefore, all standards relate to assistive technology.