Challenges

Challenges

• 1.
  Challenges inChallenges in professionalprofessional developmentofdevelopment of teachersteachers
• 2.
  What is professional development? Accordingto the thesaurus of the Educational Resources Information Centre(ERIC) database, professional development refers to “activities to enhance professional career growth.”
• 3.
  Such activities mayinclude individual development, continuing education, and in-service education, as well as curriculum writing, peer collaboration , study groups, and peer coaching or mentoring.
• 4.
  Fullan (1991) expandsthe definition to include “the sum total of formal and informal learning experiences throughout one’s career from pre-service education to retirement”.
• 5.
  Objectives of professionaldevelopment To update individuals’ knowledge of a subject in light of recent advances in the area;  To update individuals’ skills, attitudes and approaches in light of the development of new teaching techniques and objectives, new circumstances and new educational research;
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   To enableindividuals to apply changes made to curricula or other aspects of teaching practice; To enable schools to develop and apply new strategies concerning the curriculum and other aspects of teaching practice;  To exchange information and expertise among teachers and others, e.g. academics, industrialists; and  To help weaker teachers become more effective.
• 7.
  Types of professionaldevelopment • courses/workshops (e.g. on subject matter or methods and/or other education-related topics); • education conferences or seminars (at which teachers and/or researchers present their research results and discuss education problems); • qualification programme (e.g. a degree programme);
• 8.
  •observation visits toother schools; • participation in a network of teachers formed specifically for the professional development of teachers; • individual or collaborative research on a topic of professional interest; and • mentoring and/or peer observation and coaching, as part of a formal school arrangement.
• 9.
  Relevance to schooleducation Improperly qualified teacher educators Assurance of quality of teacher education programmes Challenges in Professional Development of Teachers
• 10.
  Barriers that PreventMeeting Demand  No suitable development  Conflict with work schedule  Too expensive  The lack of prerequisites to undertake the desired development
• 11.
  Other Challenges • FaultySelection • Poor Quality of Training Institutions • Faulty Evaluation • Lack of Guidance • Neglecting Individual Differences • Inadequate Attention by Universities • Poor Service Conditions
• 12.
  Support Received byTeachers for Professional Development Compulsory Professional Development Financial Support Salary Supplements Scheduled Time Induction and Mentoring
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  Suggestions for Improvement Proper selection  Better training facilities  Improvement in Evaluation  Providing guidance and counselling  More attention by universities  In-service Education
• 14.
  Literature for Teachers Teachersin Backward Areas Incentives to Women Teachers Improvement of Teacher’s Status Tackling Cases of Under-employment
• 15.
  Thank You