This document discusses different types of batteries used for renewable energy storage. It describes flooded lead-acid batteries, sealed maintenance-free batteries, and their characteristics. Some key points covered are: - Flooded lead-acid batteries require refilling with distilled water periodically but are less expensive. Sealed maintenance-free batteries such as AGM and gel batteries do not require watering but are more expensive. - AGM batteries use absorbed glass mat technology which allows them to be sealed and maintenance-free while providing vibration resistance. Gel batteries use immobilized electrolyte gel instead of liquid. - Battery types like flooded lead-acid are suitable for deep cycle applications and gradual charging/discharging. Sealed types

1. – :
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3V-9V 10V-16V , 6V
17V-23V , 12V
5 300
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—
V = Volt ( Voltage Volt)

2. A = Ampere ( Current Ampere)
W = Watt ( (
Power at maximum power (Pmp) = 5W 300W
Voltage at open circuit (Voc) = 21V-23V ( 21V)
Load Voltage at maximum power (Vmp) = 17V-18V ( 17V)
Current at maximum power (Imp) = 0.2A 18A ()
12V 12V
,
14.5V-15V ,
11V-11.5V ,
21V 16V-18V
21V-22V
,
Vmp, Imp, Pmp
,
Vmp × Imp = Pmp
17V × 1.18A = 20W ( )
17V × 2.36A = 40W ( )
17V × 5.01A = 85W ( )
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3. Volt, Ampere, Watt
.20.06, 40.12, 102 ,
20, 40, 100
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17V3A(50W) 2 17V
3A×2=6A, 17V3A×2=102W , 17V6A(100W)
17V3A(50W) 3 17V
3A×3=9A, 17V3A×3=153W , 17V9A(150W)
17V3A(50W) 4 17V
3A×4=12A, 17V3A×4=204W , 17V12A(200W)
, 3 17V3A(50W), 17V3A(50W),
17V6A(100W)
17V(3A+3A+6A)=(50W+50W+100W)

4. , 17V12A(200W)
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17V3A(50W) 2 3A
17V+17V=34V, 34V3A(100W)
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17V3A(50W) 34V3A(100W)
17V3A(50W) 34V3A(100W)
34V6A(200W)
34V9A(300W)
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5. 24V , ()
48V , ()
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68V , 12V × 4 = 48V
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40/0.0076 40/76 - 0.0076
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10 – 20 Watt 0.5-1.5 Amp 40/0.0076
40 – 50 Watt 2-3 Amp 70/0.0076
50 – 100 Watt 3-6 Amp 110/0.0076
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8. (Watt)
()( Volt)
()( Ampere)
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Volt (V) × Ampere(A)= Watt (W)
V × A = W
V × I = P
Volt, V V
Ampere , A , I,
Watt, W , P,
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20V × 2A = 40W
40W ÷ 2A = 20V
40W ÷ 20V = 2A

9. -- : [ ]
(Renewable Energy) ,
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/
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-
-
)( Fast Charging Battery = FCB)
)-( Deep Cycle Battery = DCB)
-
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-( Gradually discharged)
% (Gradual recharge)
-
-
)-( Flooded Lead-Acid = FLA Battery)
)( Sealed Maintenance Free = SMF Battery) ।
FLA ()

10. -
()
–
)Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM)
)Gel Cell ।
AGM AGM
Gel cell
(Gel) AGM
SMF
, , , ,
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, - 2V, 4V, 6V, 8V,
12V 6V, 12V 20Ah, 40Ah, 65Ah,
80Ah, 100Ah, 120Ah, 150Ah, 200Ah
9Ps, 11Ps, 17Ps, 21Ps, 25Ps, 27Ps
SMF
2V, 6V, 12V 2V 12V
1Ah, 1.5Ah, 4.2Ah, 7.2Ah, 9Ah, 12Ah, 18Ah, 24Ah 30Ah, 40Ah, 50Ah,
65Ah, 70Ah, 80Ah, 90Ah, 100Ah, 120Ah, 150Ah, 200Ah, 250Ah, 300Ah, 400Ah, 600Ah,

11. 800Ah, 1000Ah, 1500Ah, 2000Ah, 2500A
, - 3.7V ,
0.1A 4.4A
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%
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12. LED LCD
-
1. Charging Voltage (Vchg)
2. Charging Current (Ichg)
3. High Voltage Disconnect (HVD)
4. High Voltage Reconnect (HVR)
5. Low Voltage Disconnect (LVD)
6. Low Voltage Reconnect (LVR)
7. Discharge Current Limit (Idischg)
8. Short Circuit Protection (SCP)
9. Reverse Polarity Protection (RPP)
10. Over Load Protection (OLP)
1. Charging Voltage (Vchg):
----
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2. Charging Current (Ichg):
----
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-

13. 3. High Voltage Disconnect (HVD):
12V
14.2V-15V
HVD 14.5V ।
4. High Voltage Reconnect (HVR): HVD /
13.0V-13.4V। HVR 13.2V। , 13.2V HVR
5. Low Voltage Disconnect (LVD): / 10.8V
-।
11.2V-11.6V । LVD
11.4V (12V ), 5.6V-5.8V (6V )। , 11.4V
6. Low Voltage Reconnect (LVR): LVD
12.2V-12.6V । LVR
12.5V (12V ), 6.1V-6.3V (6V )। , 12.5V
, LVR ON ,
LVR ON
7. Load Current Limit (Ilim): ,
,

14. 8. Short Circuit Protection (SCP): ,
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15. ।
9. Reverse Polarity Protection (RPP): -)-()+(
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16. )
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10. Over Load Protection (OLP):
--:
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) --( Fast Charge-Dis-Charge Battery =
FCB)
)-( Deep Cycle Battery = DCB)
)--( Fast Charge-Dis-Charge Battery =
FCB):
- /
,
,
,
FCB

17. ।
।
। -।
।
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)-( Deep Cycle Battery = DCB):
, -
- -
( Gradually discharged) %
(Gradual recharge)
DCB
।
।
। -।
।
।
)-( Flooded Lead-Acid = FLA Battery)
)( Sealed Maintenance Free = SMF Battery) ।
)-( Flooded Lead-Acid = FLA Battery):
FLA () Wet Cell
% %

18. ,
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-- 9:
FLA
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।
.
.
.
.

19. .
.
.
FLA
FLA
,
FLA
FLA , -
FLA -, -
)( Sealed Maintenance Free = SMF Battery):
-
() ।
–
)Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM)

20. )Gel Cell ।
AGM Battery
AGM - (VRLA - Valve Regulated
Lead Acid)।
AGM AGM
AGM (Absorbed Glass Mat) - -
, ,
,
,
-AGM %
% ।
AGM
,
,
-
AGM
,
-

21. AGM
-
--
FLA AGM
-, -AGM
AGM