The Objective of this research was to analyze the components of the customer-based brand equity of the black carbonated beverage industry in Mueang District, Chiang Mai Province. The sample group were consisted of 328 customers who have been drinking the black carbonated beverage. The research instrument was questionnaires, which tested for the reliability as 0.939 and the data analysis was done by using the factor analysis.
The results of the research found that the customer-based brand equity of the black carbonated beverage industry has four components and thirty – two variables as follows brand loyalty ,brand perceived quality, brand association and brand awareness. The factor loading of these components was 0.508 – 0.808.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Customer-based brand equity has many dimensions, however a general acceptance as to which dimensions to use when measuring customer-based brand equity has not being decided. This study reviews empirical results of literatures that utilized Aaker’s and Keller’s model in measuring brand equity and sum up the main or significant customer-based brand equity. The findings indicate that it is empirical difficult differentiating between brand awareness and brand association.
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CONTENTS
1. Introduction
-Marketing Research
-Types of Market Research
-Research Methods
2.Qualitative Research Methods
- Focus Groups
- Depth Interview
- Projective Techniques
- Comparison of Qualitative Techniques
3. Observation Methods
4. Survey: Measurement and Scaling
- Intorduction
- Comparative Scales
- Non-comparative Scales
- Multi-item Scales
- Reliability and Validity
5.Questionnaire
- Asking Questions
- Overcoming Inability to Answer
- Overcoming Unwillingness to Answer
- Increasing Willingness of Respondents
- Determining the Order of Questions
- What’s Next?
6.Sampling
- Non-probability Sampling
- Probability Sampling
- Choosing Non-Probability vs. Probability Sampling
- Sample Size
7. Data Analysis: A Concise Overview of Statistical Techniques
- Descriptive Statistics: Some Popular Displays of Data
- Organizing Qualitative Data
- Organizing Quantitative Data
- Summarizing Data Numerically
- Cross-Tabulations
- Inferential Statistics: Can the results be generalized to population?
- Hypothesis Testing
- Strength of a Relationship in Cross-Tabulation
- Describing the Relationship Between Two (Ratio Scaled) Variables
8. Advanced Techniques of Market Analysis: A Brief Overview of Some Useful Concepts
- Conjoint Analysis
- Market Simulations
- Market Segmentation
- Perceptual Positioning Maps
9. Reporting Results
The purpose of research is to develop a comprehensive model by measuring the influence of product
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This study aims to examine the influences of brand orientation and brand distinctiveness on brand
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performance within the furniture firms in Malaysia
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manufacturing firms. It was found that brand orientation of the furniture manufacturing firms have
positive and significant relationships with brand distinctiveness and brand performance. This indicates
the more oriented their brand are, the more distinctive and better performance are their brands. Brand
distinctiveness was revealed as a mediator between brand orientation and brand performance. Hence,
this study provides important findings through the integration of these variables towards brand
performance within the furniture firms in Malaysia.
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International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
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-Marketing Research
-Types of Market Research
-Research Methods
2.Qualitative Research Methods
- Focus Groups
- Depth Interview
- Projective Techniques
- Comparison of Qualitative Techniques
3. Observation Methods
4. Survey: Measurement and Scaling
- Intorduction
- Comparative Scales
- Non-comparative Scales
- Multi-item Scales
- Reliability and Validity
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- Asking Questions
- Overcoming Inability to Answer
- Overcoming Unwillingness to Answer
- Increasing Willingness of Respondents
- Determining the Order of Questions
- What’s Next?
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- Non-probability Sampling
- Probability Sampling
- Choosing Non-Probability vs. Probability Sampling
- Sample Size
7. Data Analysis: A Concise Overview of Statistical Techniques
- Descriptive Statistics: Some Popular Displays of Data
- Organizing Qualitative Data
- Organizing Quantitative Data
- Summarizing Data Numerically
- Cross-Tabulations
- Inferential Statistics: Can the results be generalized to population?
- Hypothesis Testing
- Strength of a Relationship in Cross-Tabulation
- Describing the Relationship Between Two (Ratio Scaled) Variables
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- Market Simulations
- Market Segmentation
- Perceptual Positioning Maps
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1. 1
The Factor Analysis of Customer-Based Brand Equity
of the Black Carbonated Beverage Industry
in Mueang District,Chiang Mai Province
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Business Administration
Payap University, Chiang Mai Province.
32
ABSTRACT
The Objective of this research was to analyze the components of the customer-
based brand equity of the black carbonated beverage industry in Mueang District, Chiang
Mai Province. The sample group were consisted of 328 customers who have been
drinking the black carbonated beverage. The research instrument was questionnaires,
which tested for the reliability as 0.939 and the data analysis was done by using the factor
analysis.
2. 2
The results of the research found that the customer-based brand equity of the black
carbonated beverage industry has four components and thirty – two variables as follows
brand loyalty ,brand perceived quality, brand association and brand awareness. The factor
loading of these components was 0.508 – 0.808.
:
Key Words: Factor Analysis, Customer-Based Brand Equity, black carbonated beverage
Customer – Based Brand Equity
(Keller, 1993)
Peter
and Olson, 2008
(Helander and
Khalid, 2000)
Aaker,
4 Non
Alcoholic Drinks Thailand
Food and Drink Report Q1, 2011
6
Black Carbonate Drinks
4. 4
Cochran
n =
Accidental Sampling
Check list
Aaker (1991) Keller (1993)
Yoo, Donthu and Lee 2000 Yoo and Donthu
2001 Pappu, Quester and Cooksey 2006 Davis, Golicic and
5. 5
Marquardt (2009) Tong and Hawley (2009a, 2009b) Chen and Tseng
(2010) Lee and Leh (2011
Likert Scale
Confirmation Factor Analysis
Cronbach Coefficient Alpha
Hair, 2010
2. Correlation
Hair, 2010
3 KMO (Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin Measure of
Sampling Adequacy)
Hair, 2010
KMO Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity
Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin Measure of
Sampling Adequacy
0.937
Approx. Chi- 8707.703
6. 6
Bartlett’s Test of
Sphericity
Square
df 946
Sig. 0.00
KMO
Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity Chi-Square
p = 0.00 (H0)
(H )
Factor Rotation Orthogonal
(Varimax)
Hair, 2010
Factor Extraction
Principle Component (Eigen
values)
Factor Loading 35 Hair, 2010
(Eigen values
13. 13
X X
X
X
(Brand Awareness)
(Eigen Values)
Loyalty Purchase Intention
Satisfaction Recommend
Price Premium
(Eigen Values)
Aaker 1991
Jacoby (1971)
14. 14
Allaway et al (2011)
Brand enduring
(Aaker and Mills, 2005)
Quality Level
Consistent Quality A
Category Leader Popularity
Aaker 1991
Aaker, 1996
Villarejo-Ramos and Sanchez-Franco
15. 15
Aaker, 1996
Brand Value
Brand Personality
Organization Association Keller (1993)
Aaker (1991)
product
evaluation (brand choices) Hatch and
Schultz (2001)
Aaker 1996
16. 16
Webster and Keller
Brand Recognition) (Brand Recall
Top of mind
Brand familiarity Keller
(1993)
Recall
Recognize
unnamed
Wasburn and Plank (2002)
19. 19
MBA’ 19
[ ]
http://www.gotomanager.com/news/details.aspx?id=49932
Aaker, D.A. (1991).Managing Brand Equity: Capitalization the Value
of a Brand Name. New York: Free Press.
Aaker, D.A.. (1996a).Building Strong Brand. New York: the free
Press.
Aaker, D.A., and Mills, M. K. (2005). Strategic Market Management.
John Wiley and Sons Australia.
Allaway, A. W., Huddleston, P., Whipple, J., Ellinger, A. E. (2011).
Customer-based brand equity, equity drivers,
20. 20
and customer loyalty in the supermarket industry. Journal of
Product & Brand Management; 2011, 20 (3); 190-204.
Chen, C.F., Tseng, W. S. (2010). Exploring Customer-based brand
Airline brand equity: Evidence from Taiwan.
Transportation Journal, Winter. Vol. 49 Issue 1, p24-34, 11p.
Cochran, L.J. (1997). Sampling Techniques. New York: Wiley.
Davis, D. F., Golicic, S. L and Marquardt, A. (2009). Measuring brand
equity for logistics services.
The International Journal of Logistics Management. Vol. 20,
No. 2: 201-212.
Hatch, M.J. and Schultz, M. (2001). Are the strategic signs aligned for
your corporate brand?,
Harvard Business review, February, 1-8.
Hair, Joseph F. Jr., Black, William C., Babin, Barry J. and Anderson,
Rolph E. (2010). Multivariate
Data Analysis: A Global Perspective. Pearson Education, Inc.,
Upper Saddle River, New
Jersey, USA. Seventh Edition.
Helander, M.G. and Khalid, H.M. “Modeling the customer in electronic
commerce”, Applied Ergonomics. 31(6):
609-619; 2000.
Jacoby, J. (1971). A model of multi-brand Loyalty. Journal of
Advertising Research, 11(3). 25-31.
Keller, Kevin Lane. (1993). ). “Conceptualizing, Measuring., &
Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity”.
Journal of Marketing. January 57 : 1-22.
21. 21
Lee., G. C., Leh., F. C. Yew. (2011). Dimensions of Customer-Based
Brand Equity: A Study on Malaysian
Brands.Journal of Marketing Research and Case Studies.
Pappu, R., Quester, P. G. and Cooksey, R. W.(2006). Consumer-
based brand equity; improving the measurement –empirical
evidence. The Journal of product and brand management; 24. 143-
154.
Peter, P. J. & Olson, J. C. (2008). Consumer Behavior and Marketing
Strategy. (8 th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Thailand Food and Drink Report Q1. (2010). Business Monitor
International Ltd.
Tong X. and Hawley T.,M. (2009a). Creating brand equity in the
Chinese clothing market: the Effect of
selected marketing activities on brand equity dimensions.
Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management. 13: 566-581.
Tong X. and Hawley T.,M. _. b Measuring customer – based
brand equity: empirical evidence from the
sportswear market in china. Journal of Product and Brand
Management. April, 18 :
Villarejo-Ramos, A. F. and M.J. Sanchez-Franco, 2005.‘The Impact of
Marketing Communication
and Price Promotion on Brand Equity.Brand Management,
12(6), pp. 431-444.
Washburn, J and Plank, R. E. (2002). Measuring Brand equity: an
Evaluation of a Consumer-Based Brand Equity
22. 22
Scale. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice; Winter; 10.
46-62.
Webster, F.E. Jr and Keller, K.L. (2004), “A roadmap for branding in
industrial markets”, Brand
Management, Vol. 11 No. 5, pp. 388-402.
Yoo, B., Donthu, N. and Lee, S. (2000). An Examination of Selected
marketing Mix Elements and brand equity.
Academy of Marketing Science. Journal; Spring; 28. 198-211.
________________ . (2001).Developing and validating a
multidimensional consumer-based brand equity scale.
Journal of business Research, 25; 1-14.
–