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1. Biotechnology involves techniques like genetic engineering, recombinant DNA, and molecular markers that can be applied to agriculture, healthcare, and industry. 2. It includes techniques like cell and tissue culturing, microbial biotechnology, and transgenic plants and animals. 3. Biotechnology helps improve crops and livestock through techniques like crop improvement, micropropagation, and breeding programs. It also aids pest control and utilizes unused resources.
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Nanotecnologia
This document provides an overview of agrifood nanotechnology and issues related to its risk assessment and oversight. It introduces nanotechnology and describes some current and potential agrifood applications. It also discusses challenges for oversight given the diverse applications and agencies involved. While some coordinated framework is proposed based on existing laws and agencies, there are acknowledged gaps and lack of resources for adequate oversight and risk assessment of emerging nanotechnologies. More discussion is needed around governance models and public participation to help guide the responsible development of agrifood nanotechnology.
BioChips
The first biochip named GeneChip (DNA microarrays) was invented by an American company, Affymetrix. These products include the number of single DNA sensors used to detect defects. Biochip plays a key role in biological research, such as system biology and disease biology, as the number of clinical applications increases.
Bt brinjal
Bt technology uses genes from Bacillus thuringiensis to produce insecticidal crystal proteins in transgenic crops. There are several biosafety concerns regarding risks to human health from toxicity or allergies, as well as risks to the environment from increased insect resistance, gene flow to weeds or soil organisms, and effects on biodiversity. Regulatory agencies in India require various levels of approval from institutional biosafety committees, the Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation, and the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee, depending on the type and scale of field trials or commercial releases of Bt crops.
Bioinformatics, its application main
Introduction
Definition
History
Principle
Components of bioinformatics
Bioinformatics databases
Tools of bioinformatics
Applications of bioinformatics
Molecular medicine
Microbial genomics
Plant genomics
Animal genomics
Human genomics
Drug and vaccine designing
Proteomics
For studying biomolecular structures
In- silico testing
Conclusion
References
Chapter 1-Introduction to biotechnology_16172.pptx
Introduction to biotechnology for undergraduate students
03 05 safety_record
Plant biotechnology builds on centuries of scientific advances in plant breeding and genetics to precisely modify plant genomes. It has a proven safety record and regulatory process over 20 years of use. Global adoption of biotech crops has grown steadily due to proven benefits including higher yields, lower costs, and improved nutrition. Looking ahead, biotechnology promises continued improvements to agriculture through new traits and applications.
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using recombinant DNA technology. It allows genes to be transferred between unrelated organisms, such as adding a human gene to a bacterium. The document discusses the basic principles of genetic engineering, including recombinant DNA, gene cloning, gene knockout, and gene editing. It provides examples of applications in biopharmaceuticals, medicine, agriculture, and research.
Biotechnology.docx
Biotechnology is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products. Brewing and baking bread are examples of processes that fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of yeast (= living organism) to produce the desired product).
Gene technology lesson plan
The document outlines the topics and concepts covered in a Cambridge A2 Biology lesson on genetic technology. It discusses:
- The history and discoveries leading to genetic technology applications in medicine, agriculture, and forensics.
- Principles of genetic technology like recombinant DNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gel electrophoresis, and roles of enzymes.
- Uses of genetic technology including gene cloning, analysis of genomes and gene expression with microarrays, gene therapy applications, and producing human proteins through recombinant DNA.
- Applications in agriculture including improving crop yields and qualities through genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and the social and ethical implications of GMO use.
Sample Prep Solutions for Microbiome Research
An accurate molecular analysis of the microbial constituents of a particular community is contingent upon high-yielding and non-biased nucleic acid extraction methodologies. Only by ensuring that all species and classes of microorganisms present in a sample are effectively lysed during extraction will one be able to reliably assess the composition of that sample. An additional challenge faced in nucleic acid extraction is the presence of persistent, co-purifying polymerase inhibitors endogenous to one’s sample. This presentation will focus on nucleic acid extraction tools developed by MO BIO Laboratories that facilitate accurate non-biased community analysis and eliminate common amplification problems via the depletion of endogenous polymerase inhibitors using our patented Inhibitor Removal Technology.
Chapt 09
This document discusses cytogenetic techniques used in genetics. It describes (1) cell culture techniques used to grow cells for analysis, (2) harvesting and chromosome spreading to view chromosomes, and (3) karyotyping and analysis to identify chromosomal abnormalities. Modern techniques like fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) allow visualization of specific DNA sequences and identification of DNA copy number changes.
Chapt 09
This document discusses cytogenetic techniques used in biology. It begins by outlining the learning objectives which are to list cytogenetic techniques and understand cell culture, harvesting chromosomes, and karyotyping. It then describes various techniques including cell culture, harvesting and spreading chromosomes, karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). The purpose of these techniques is to examine genetic components of cells including chromosomes to study genetic abnormalities.
15_GENETIC_ENGINEERING-.pptx
1. Genetic engineering involves modifying genes in living organisms using techniques like recombinant DNA technology. This allows genes to be transferred between organisms.
2. Examples of genetic engineering include producing bacteria that make human insulin and yeast that produces hepatitis vaccines. Genes are transferred using vectors like plasmids in bacteria.
3. Genetic engineering has applications in agriculture, industry, and medicine. In agriculture, genetically engineered crops are developed with traits like pest or disease resistance. In industry, bacteria are engineered to help with tasks like sewage processing or fuel production. In medicine, genetic engineering allows production of drugs and study of human genes.
Cloning vectors
1) Cloning vectors are DNA molecules that are used to transport cloned sequences between biological hosts and the test tube. They contain features like an origin of replication, cloning sites, selectable markers, and reporter genes.
2) Common types of cloning vectors include plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, BACs, YACs, and human artificial chromosomes. Plasmids are the most commonly used as they can clone inserts up to 10kb and have high copy numbers.
3) The choice of cloning vector depends on factors like the size of the insert DNA, the vector size, restriction sites, and cloning efficiency. Different vectors are suitable for cloning different size inserts, from less than 10
Modern biotechnology and biosafety issues
Importance of Modern Biotechnology in enhancing food security and the need for biosafety regulations and its utilization by African Governments
Environmental Biotechnology.ppt
Environmental biotechnology uses biological processes like bacteria and fungi to solve environmental problems. It helps eliminate hazardous waste, distinguish between species to prevent extinction, and create alternative fuels. Molecular ecology uses DNA analysis to better understand biodiversity and evolution. Bioremediation uses microbes to break down pollutants into less harmful substances. Biosensors detect chemicals and pathogens in environments, and have applications in health, safety, and industry. Biofuels are plant-derived fuels seen as more environmentally friendly alternatives to gasoline and diesel.
Molecular farming
This ppt explains about molecular farming, history of molecular farming, importance, basic process underlying it, its application in agriculture and its limitations
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