This document outlines a project to develop a spring back alloy and heat treatment process for effective stone setting in jewelry. It discusses two potential processes - one focused on reducing spring back through heat treatment and alloy optimization, and one using shape memory alloys. It includes details on project teams, customer requirements, principles, literature reviews on rhodium plating and coatings, competitive analyses, FMEAs, process flows, experimental designs, and validation plans. The goal is to validate a coating process to provide durability, color, and wear resistance for stone settings.
The document describes the coil coating process, which involves cleaning and pretreating steel coils before applying primer and topcoat paint in a continuous line. Key steps include receiving raw coils, pretreating with chemicals to prepare the surface, applying primer and topcoat via coater ovens, and testing finished coils through procedures like measuring gloss, flexibility, and solvent resistance.
Introduction to Risk Based Inspection (RBI) - MAT GROUP.pdfGustavoGonzlezServa
This document provides an agenda and overview for an RBI training course. The course will cover the introduction to RBI methodology and theory, including likelihood and consequence calculations. It will include hands-on exercises and a case study using RBI software on a refinery unit, including data preparation, screening analysis, and detailed analysis. The agenda outlines the daily timing and topics to be covered over the 4-day course, including introductions, RBI history, theory of likelihood, consequence, inspection planning, and other features of the software. Breaks and lunch are also accounted for in the daily schedule.
1. The document provides an overview of coating techniques used by Technip Singapore including for offshore pipeline installation, offshore structure installation, fabrication services, and diving.
2. It discusses the instructor's background and contact information, as well as Technip Singapore's capabilities in areas like shallow to deep water pipelay, rigging of pipes, and installation of platforms and subsea structures.
3. Abbreviations commonly used in coating projects are defined.
The webinar discusses pre-treatment processes that should be performed before liquid or powder coating of metals. It describes the objectives of pre-treatment as cleaning impurities from the metal surface and converting the surface for optimal adhesion of the coating. The key methods of pre-treatment discussed are mechanical processes like sanding and grit blasting, and chemical processes involving tanks for degreasing, derusting, phosphating, and passivation. The presentation notes some common issues with pre-treatment like yellow or rusty phosphate coatings, powdery coatings, or incomplete coating coverage, and their causes.
This document discusses engineering considerations for corrosion including materials selection, testing, equipment design, and inspection. Key points covered include:
- Evaluating operating conditions and process components to select appropriate construction materials.
- Testing materials to understand corrosion behavior and ensure suitability for the application.
- Designing equipment to minimize corrosion, such as avoiding crevices, using proper welding techniques, and including corrosion allowances.
- Inspecting plants regularly to identify corrosion issues, using visual checks, ultrasonics, and boroscopes depending on the area inspected.
Case studies on improving testing processes for batteries, interior components, composites and electronics.
Presented at Automotive Testing Expo Europe 2016.
Irjet v4 i7349A Review on Plasma Spray Coatings and its CharacterizationIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that reviewed plasma spray coatings and their characterization. Plasma spraying was used to apply coatings of chrome oxide mixed with illmenite and quartz onto mild steel samples. The coatings were characterized to analyze their surface properties, microstructure, thickness, hardness and erosion resistance. The coatings provided good protection against erosion and abrasive wear. The mixture of chrome oxide, quartz and illmenite was coated onto steel samples using plasma spraying at different power levels. Coating characterization included SEM analysis, thickness measurement, hardness testing and erosion testing to evaluate the performance of the coatings.
The document describes the coil coating process, which involves cleaning and pretreating steel coils before applying primer and topcoat paint in a continuous line. Key steps include receiving raw coils, pretreating with chemicals to prepare the surface, applying primer and topcoat via coater ovens, and testing finished coils through procedures like measuring gloss, flexibility, and solvent resistance.
Introduction to Risk Based Inspection (RBI) - MAT GROUP.pdfGustavoGonzlezServa
This document provides an agenda and overview for an RBI training course. The course will cover the introduction to RBI methodology and theory, including likelihood and consequence calculations. It will include hands-on exercises and a case study using RBI software on a refinery unit, including data preparation, screening analysis, and detailed analysis. The agenda outlines the daily timing and topics to be covered over the 4-day course, including introductions, RBI history, theory of likelihood, consequence, inspection planning, and other features of the software. Breaks and lunch are also accounted for in the daily schedule.
1. The document provides an overview of coating techniques used by Technip Singapore including for offshore pipeline installation, offshore structure installation, fabrication services, and diving.
2. It discusses the instructor's background and contact information, as well as Technip Singapore's capabilities in areas like shallow to deep water pipelay, rigging of pipes, and installation of platforms and subsea structures.
3. Abbreviations commonly used in coating projects are defined.
The webinar discusses pre-treatment processes that should be performed before liquid or powder coating of metals. It describes the objectives of pre-treatment as cleaning impurities from the metal surface and converting the surface for optimal adhesion of the coating. The key methods of pre-treatment discussed are mechanical processes like sanding and grit blasting, and chemical processes involving tanks for degreasing, derusting, phosphating, and passivation. The presentation notes some common issues with pre-treatment like yellow or rusty phosphate coatings, powdery coatings, or incomplete coating coverage, and their causes.
This document discusses engineering considerations for corrosion including materials selection, testing, equipment design, and inspection. Key points covered include:
- Evaluating operating conditions and process components to select appropriate construction materials.
- Testing materials to understand corrosion behavior and ensure suitability for the application.
- Designing equipment to minimize corrosion, such as avoiding crevices, using proper welding techniques, and including corrosion allowances.
- Inspecting plants regularly to identify corrosion issues, using visual checks, ultrasonics, and boroscopes depending on the area inspected.
Case studies on improving testing processes for batteries, interior components, composites and electronics.
Presented at Automotive Testing Expo Europe 2016.
Irjet v4 i7349A Review on Plasma Spray Coatings and its CharacterizationIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that reviewed plasma spray coatings and their characterization. Plasma spraying was used to apply coatings of chrome oxide mixed with illmenite and quartz onto mild steel samples. The coatings were characterized to analyze their surface properties, microstructure, thickness, hardness and erosion resistance. The coatings provided good protection against erosion and abrasive wear. The mixture of chrome oxide, quartz and illmenite was coated onto steel samples using plasma spraying at different power levels. Coating characterization included SEM analysis, thickness measurement, hardness testing and erosion testing to evaluate the performance of the coatings.
The document discusses the production of multilayer printed circuit boards using tin plating protection technology. It describes the tin plating process in detail, including bath composition, operating conditions, and quality control measures. Potential quality issues in the tin plating process like poor coating distribution and exposed copper are analyzed along with recommended solutions. The document concludes that multilayer PCB production is complex but tin plating provides effective protection as long as the process is properly controlled and monitored.
This document presents an experimental study analyzing various machining processes and nickel coating on mild steel. Turning, cylindrical grinding, and nickel coating were performed on mild steel rods. Surface roughness, hardness, microstructure, and corrosion resistance via salt spray testing were evaluated. Turning and grinding were found to produce surface roughness values of 1.6 μm and 0.2 μm respectively. Nickel coating improved surface roughness to 0.05 μm and increased hardness and corrosion resistance. Microstructural analysis found the ground mild steel to consist of 60% ferrite and 40% pearlite grains. The study aims to evaluate these surface finishing processes and analyze the effects of parameters on surface quality.
This document provides guidance on good painting practices for maintenance and repair projects. It discusses various types of surface preparation for steel structures, including non-blasting methods. It emphasizes the importance of stripe coating welds, edges and other difficult to reach areas. It also reviews different coating application methods like brush, roller and airless spray. Finally, it provides tips for proper airless spray application techniques, including maintaining the correct distance, angle and overlap between strokes.
This document contains the resume of Rajiv N. He has over 10 years of experience in metallurgy and heat treatment processes. He has worked in quality control and R&D roles for various automotive and aerospace companies. His skills include experience with furnaces, hardness testing, failure analysis, and developing and auditing heat treatment processes.
The document provides information about Metallurgical Consulting Group - India (MCG), an organization established in 1998 that provides metallurgical consulting services. MCG has experience in various industries including automotive, engineering, glass, and chemical. Their services include technical audits, quality control guidance, cost cutting solutions, material testing labs setup, and problem solving. They have experience in glass mould metallurgy and developing alloys for the glass industry to reduce costs and improve quality.
The presentation takes into account widely used surface finishing processes including electroplating, anodizing, alodining, cadmium plating, zinc plating, phosphating, passivation
This document provides a curriculum vitae for Rohit Anil Patil. It includes his contact information, educational background receiving a B.Sc. in chemistry in 2012, and work experience including positions at ESSAR STEEL INDIA from 2013 to 2015 and 3 A Composites India PVT LTD from 2015 to present. His objective is to achieve the greatest heights in chemical engineering and the paint industry as a technical officer or production chemist.
Sand casting is an economical method for producing near net shape components with intricate shapes and complex contours. While it allows for alterations to improve strength, sand casting parts may have irregular surfaces and size variations requiring additional machining. The process has disadvantages including a relatively high defect rate, limitations on dimensional accuracy, safety and environmental controls increasing costs, and potential quality issues from overseas suppliers. However, for many applications the advantages of low tooling costs and design flexibility outweigh the drawbacks of sand casting.
1) The project aimed to improve the direct pass ratio of castings produced by SUPPLIER for CUSTOMER from 0% to acceptable standards over 2 years.
2) Initial analyses found major casting defects and non-conformances due to issues like casting defects, poor mechanical properties, dimensions, and quality control processes.
3) Actions taken included establishing quality systems, control plans, process FMEAs, improving raw material combinations, training, and establishing testing standards.
4) Results showed significant improvement over 8 quarters from 17.65% to 93.36% direct pass ratio, with over 15,000 metric tons of acceptable castings produced after the project.
B. Jeyakumar is a laboratory professional currently working at Sohar Aluminium in Oman as a Lab Analyst. He has 12 years of experience in chemical analysis, including 5 years at Sohar Aluminium and 2 years at Madras Aluminium Company. His responsibilities include analytical testing, instrument calibration and maintenance, technical report writing, and ensuring quality standards. He has a bachelor's degree in chemistry and an MBA, and is proficient in using laboratory equipment and computer software.
Transmission structure painting is a physically demanding job that requires specialized training due to the dangerous and energized nature of the work. Most tower painters retire around age 35 due to the toll on the body. Traditional coating methods for corroded structures involve multiple climbs to complete surface preparation and apply primer, intermediate, and finish coats. Using the most cost-effective method can reduce the number of climbs and thereby reduce labor costs. Standards such as ISO and SSPC provide guidance on selecting coatings and surface preparation methods suited for transmission structures.
Paramount Industries provides various prototyping services including industrial design, product engineering, and rapid prototyping methods. They started as a prototyping vendor and later expanded their services. Rapid prototyping methods discussed include SLA, SLS, FDM, and ZCorp. Other prototyping methods covered are fabrication, urethane casting, thermoforming, investment casting, CNC machining, and prototype tooling in aluminum and pre-hardened steel. Different types of models like concept models, functional prototypes, verification models, and engineering check models are explained. The importance of qualifying prototyping needs based on the type of model, input, tolerances, quantity, timeline and budget is emphasized to
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Effect of Neutralized Bauxite Waste (Neu...IRJET Journal
- The study investigates utilizing neutralized red mud (NRM), an industrial waste from aluminum production, as a partial replacement for cement in concrete.
- Concrete mixtures were made with 0%, 15%, 20%, and 25% replacement of cement with NRM. Testing showed compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths increased up to 20% replacement compared to normal concrete.
- The optimum replacement was found to be 20%, providing higher strengths than normal concrete and a 10.24% cost savings, showing potential economic and environmental benefits of NRM utilization in concrete.
PolyKoat is a polymer coating developed by Design Analysis Inc. for sheet metal. It provides superior abrasion and weather resistance compared to paint or epoxy coatings. PolyKoat coatings are environmentally friendly as they contain no VOCs or BPA. They can be formed into complex shapes without cracking or peeling like painted metals. Extensive testing has shown PolyKoat withstands chemicals, impacts, and long-term outdoor exposure better than traditional coatings.
The document introduces pre-primed steel plates, which are blast cleaned steel plates coated with a thin protective primer before fabrication. This allows fabrication like welding and cutting to be done without removing the coating. The key benefits are increased throughput, a better work environment, and corrosion protection during construction. Blastech offers a pre-primed plate called REDI-PLATE which features excellent heat resistance, wide compatibility with welding/cutting, and reduced secondary surface preparation needs. It removes bottlenecks and defects compared to traditional shop priming after fabrication.
Sand casting and die casting were identified as potential processes for manufacturing a connector rod. Die casting has higher tooling and capital costs but can produce parts at a faster rate. For small batch sizes, the cost per part is dominated by fixed capital and tooling costs, making sand casting cheaper. However, as batch size increases, die casting becomes more economical due to its higher production rate reducing the impact of fixed costs per part. An analysis is needed to determine the optimal process based on the specific production volumes required.
This document provides a final report submitted by Muhammad Salman Arif to the Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. The report covers various laboratory techniques including metallography, mechanical testing, powder metallurgy, non-destructive testing, hardness testing, spectroscopy, biomaterials, jewelry testing, vapor deposition, and scanning electron microscopy. Key steps and procedures are outlined for metallography, tensile testing, bend testing, compression testing, and impact testing. Safety standards and calculations are discussed.
Jafarul Hasan has over 12 years of experience in painting, coating inspection, and quality control. He is currently working as an Assistant Manager of Painting & Insulation at Tecnimont ICB in Dahej, India, where he plans painting activities and monitors subcontractors. Previously, he worked for over 3 years at Larsen & Toubro as a Quality Control Engineer for painting inspection. He has experience working with various paints and coatings and ensuring quality control standards are met on projects.
The document discusses the production of multilayer printed circuit boards using tin plating protection technology. It describes the tin plating process in detail, including bath composition, operating conditions, and quality control measures. Potential quality issues in the tin plating process like poor coating distribution and exposed copper are analyzed along with recommended solutions. The document concludes that multilayer PCB production is complex but tin plating provides effective protection as long as the process is properly controlled and monitored.
This document presents an experimental study analyzing various machining processes and nickel coating on mild steel. Turning, cylindrical grinding, and nickel coating were performed on mild steel rods. Surface roughness, hardness, microstructure, and corrosion resistance via salt spray testing were evaluated. Turning and grinding were found to produce surface roughness values of 1.6 μm and 0.2 μm respectively. Nickel coating improved surface roughness to 0.05 μm and increased hardness and corrosion resistance. Microstructural analysis found the ground mild steel to consist of 60% ferrite and 40% pearlite grains. The study aims to evaluate these surface finishing processes and analyze the effects of parameters on surface quality.
This document provides guidance on good painting practices for maintenance and repair projects. It discusses various types of surface preparation for steel structures, including non-blasting methods. It emphasizes the importance of stripe coating welds, edges and other difficult to reach areas. It also reviews different coating application methods like brush, roller and airless spray. Finally, it provides tips for proper airless spray application techniques, including maintaining the correct distance, angle and overlap between strokes.
This document contains the resume of Rajiv N. He has over 10 years of experience in metallurgy and heat treatment processes. He has worked in quality control and R&D roles for various automotive and aerospace companies. His skills include experience with furnaces, hardness testing, failure analysis, and developing and auditing heat treatment processes.
The document provides information about Metallurgical Consulting Group - India (MCG), an organization established in 1998 that provides metallurgical consulting services. MCG has experience in various industries including automotive, engineering, glass, and chemical. Their services include technical audits, quality control guidance, cost cutting solutions, material testing labs setup, and problem solving. They have experience in glass mould metallurgy and developing alloys for the glass industry to reduce costs and improve quality.
The presentation takes into account widely used surface finishing processes including electroplating, anodizing, alodining, cadmium plating, zinc plating, phosphating, passivation
This document provides a curriculum vitae for Rohit Anil Patil. It includes his contact information, educational background receiving a B.Sc. in chemistry in 2012, and work experience including positions at ESSAR STEEL INDIA from 2013 to 2015 and 3 A Composites India PVT LTD from 2015 to present. His objective is to achieve the greatest heights in chemical engineering and the paint industry as a technical officer or production chemist.
Sand casting is an economical method for producing near net shape components with intricate shapes and complex contours. While it allows for alterations to improve strength, sand casting parts may have irregular surfaces and size variations requiring additional machining. The process has disadvantages including a relatively high defect rate, limitations on dimensional accuracy, safety and environmental controls increasing costs, and potential quality issues from overseas suppliers. However, for many applications the advantages of low tooling costs and design flexibility outweigh the drawbacks of sand casting.
1) The project aimed to improve the direct pass ratio of castings produced by SUPPLIER for CUSTOMER from 0% to acceptable standards over 2 years.
2) Initial analyses found major casting defects and non-conformances due to issues like casting defects, poor mechanical properties, dimensions, and quality control processes.
3) Actions taken included establishing quality systems, control plans, process FMEAs, improving raw material combinations, training, and establishing testing standards.
4) Results showed significant improvement over 8 quarters from 17.65% to 93.36% direct pass ratio, with over 15,000 metric tons of acceptable castings produced after the project.
B. Jeyakumar is a laboratory professional currently working at Sohar Aluminium in Oman as a Lab Analyst. He has 12 years of experience in chemical analysis, including 5 years at Sohar Aluminium and 2 years at Madras Aluminium Company. His responsibilities include analytical testing, instrument calibration and maintenance, technical report writing, and ensuring quality standards. He has a bachelor's degree in chemistry and an MBA, and is proficient in using laboratory equipment and computer software.
Transmission structure painting is a physically demanding job that requires specialized training due to the dangerous and energized nature of the work. Most tower painters retire around age 35 due to the toll on the body. Traditional coating methods for corroded structures involve multiple climbs to complete surface preparation and apply primer, intermediate, and finish coats. Using the most cost-effective method can reduce the number of climbs and thereby reduce labor costs. Standards such as ISO and SSPC provide guidance on selecting coatings and surface preparation methods suited for transmission structures.
Paramount Industries provides various prototyping services including industrial design, product engineering, and rapid prototyping methods. They started as a prototyping vendor and later expanded their services. Rapid prototyping methods discussed include SLA, SLS, FDM, and ZCorp. Other prototyping methods covered are fabrication, urethane casting, thermoforming, investment casting, CNC machining, and prototype tooling in aluminum and pre-hardened steel. Different types of models like concept models, functional prototypes, verification models, and engineering check models are explained. The importance of qualifying prototyping needs based on the type of model, input, tolerances, quantity, timeline and budget is emphasized to
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Effect of Neutralized Bauxite Waste (Neu...IRJET Journal
- The study investigates utilizing neutralized red mud (NRM), an industrial waste from aluminum production, as a partial replacement for cement in concrete.
- Concrete mixtures were made with 0%, 15%, 20%, and 25% replacement of cement with NRM. Testing showed compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths increased up to 20% replacement compared to normal concrete.
- The optimum replacement was found to be 20%, providing higher strengths than normal concrete and a 10.24% cost savings, showing potential economic and environmental benefits of NRM utilization in concrete.
PolyKoat is a polymer coating developed by Design Analysis Inc. for sheet metal. It provides superior abrasion and weather resistance compared to paint or epoxy coatings. PolyKoat coatings are environmentally friendly as they contain no VOCs or BPA. They can be formed into complex shapes without cracking or peeling like painted metals. Extensive testing has shown PolyKoat withstands chemicals, impacts, and long-term outdoor exposure better than traditional coatings.
The document introduces pre-primed steel plates, which are blast cleaned steel plates coated with a thin protective primer before fabrication. This allows fabrication like welding and cutting to be done without removing the coating. The key benefits are increased throughput, a better work environment, and corrosion protection during construction. Blastech offers a pre-primed plate called REDI-PLATE which features excellent heat resistance, wide compatibility with welding/cutting, and reduced secondary surface preparation needs. It removes bottlenecks and defects compared to traditional shop priming after fabrication.
Sand casting and die casting were identified as potential processes for manufacturing a connector rod. Die casting has higher tooling and capital costs but can produce parts at a faster rate. For small batch sizes, the cost per part is dominated by fixed capital and tooling costs, making sand casting cheaper. However, as batch size increases, die casting becomes more economical due to its higher production rate reducing the impact of fixed costs per part. An analysis is needed to determine the optimal process based on the specific production volumes required.
This document provides a final report submitted by Muhammad Salman Arif to the Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. The report covers various laboratory techniques including metallography, mechanical testing, powder metallurgy, non-destructive testing, hardness testing, spectroscopy, biomaterials, jewelry testing, vapor deposition, and scanning electron microscopy. Key steps and procedures are outlined for metallography, tensile testing, bend testing, compression testing, and impact testing. Safety standards and calculations are discussed.
Jafarul Hasan has over 12 years of experience in painting, coating inspection, and quality control. He is currently working as an Assistant Manager of Painting & Insulation at Tecnimont ICB in Dahej, India, where he plans painting activities and monitors subcontractors. Previously, he worked for over 3 years at Larsen & Toubro as a Quality Control Engineer for painting inspection. He has experience working with various paints and coatings and ensuring quality control standards are met on projects.
Similar to Spring back alloy for diamond_color stone setting.pptx (20)
Practical eLearning Makeovers for EveryoneBianca Woods
Welcome to Practical eLearning Makeovers for Everyone. In this presentation, we’ll take a look at a bunch of easy-to-use visual design tips and tricks. And we’ll do this by using them to spruce up some eLearning screens that are in dire need of a new look.
Maximize Your Content with Beautiful Assets : Content & Asset for Landing Page pmgdscunsri
Figma is a cloud-based design tool widely used by designers for prototyping, UI/UX design, and real-time collaboration. With features such as precision pen tools, grid system, and reusable components, Figma makes it easy for teams to work together on design projects. Its flexibility and accessibility make Figma a top choice in the digital age.
Architectural and constructions management experience since 2003 including 18 years located in UAE.
Coordinate and oversee all technical activities relating to architectural and construction projects,
including directing the design team, reviewing drafts and computer models, and approving design
changes.
Organize and typically develop, and review building plans, ensuring that a project meets all safety and
environmental standards.
Prepare feasibility studies, construction contracts, and tender documents with specifications and
tender analyses.
Consulting with clients, work on formulating equipment and labor cost estimates, ensuring a project
meets environmental, safety, structural, zoning, and aesthetic standards.
Monitoring the progress of a project to assess whether or not it is in compliance with building plans
and project deadlines.
Attention to detail, exceptional time management, and strong problem-solving and communication
skills are required for this role.
EASY TUTORIAL OF HOW TO USE CAPCUT BY: FEBLESS HERNANEFebless Hernane
CapCut is an easy-to-use video editing app perfect for beginners. To start, download and open CapCut on your phone. Tap "New Project" and select the videos or photos you want to edit. You can trim clips by dragging the edges, add text by tapping "Text," and include music by selecting "Audio." Enhance your video with filters and effects from the "Effects" menu. When you're happy with your video, tap the export button to save and share it. CapCut makes video editing simple and fun for everyone!
Spring back alloy for diamond_color stone setting.pptx
1. || Confidential || CITE Department Page 1
Spring back Alloy and process development for
stone setting for effective clamping and
productive method.
Cross Functional Team
Principal investigator: Lakshmidar Biswal
Project Leader: Dhandapani P (CITE)
Team member:
1. Kamalakannan(Down stream process leader- User)
2. (Process- Down stream)
3. Anjana S (QA)
4. Karthikeyan (NPD)
2. || Confidential || CITE Department Page 2
1. Customer Requirements and Planning solution 1
- Requirement provided with development of Spring back Alloy and process development for stone setting for effective
clamping and productive method.
Phase1: Planning
and Literature
Phase 2: Process
Design and
prototype
development
Phase 3:Process
validation and
implementation
Phase 4: Feedback,
assessment and
corrective action
Planning
Sep week 4 Nov week 3 Oct
December week1
User hand overing
December
Principle method
- Alloy and heat treatment cycle design for homogenization for improvising ductility before diamond setting with reduced
spring back following that aging to improve hardness and durability
3. Process 1_ Reduced spring back and increased resilience property
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 3
As cast sample
Homogenization Heat treatment cycle for
Au-Cu-Ag/Zn Alloy system
Diamond setting with less efforts and
lower spring back
Artificial aging to improve strength and
resilience for stone securing in use with
improved scratch resistance and wear life
Cycle to be decided based
on phase diagram and
diffusion kinematic study
Aging temperature and cycle
based on alloy type
4. Principle method 1 by optimization of Heat treatment process and Alloy type
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 4
5. || Confidential || CITE Department Page 5
1. Customer Requirements and Planning solution 2
Phase1: Planning
and Literature
Phase 2: Process
Design and
prototype
development
Phase 3:Process
validation and
implementation
Phase 4: Feedback,
assessment and
corrective action
Planning
Sep week 4 Nov week 3
December week1
User hand overing
Jan 2022
- Requirement provided with development of Spring back Alloy and process development for stone setting for effective
clamping and productive method.
Principle method
- Based on gaining shape memory alloy property to stone setting process
Sep week 4 Oct week 3 Nov week3 December
6. Process 2_ Based on shape memory gold alloy design and process method
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 6
As cast sample with alloy design
for 14Kt and 18Kt
Ordering micro structure check
Dry ice martensite transformation
Diamond setting
Heat treatment requirement
check
Flame heating to spring back
7. 2.Literature: Why rhodium plating?
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 7
Wear and abrasion resistance: Electroplated rhodium features a
hardness ranging 800 on the Vickers hardness scale. Because of this
extreme hardness, rhodium offers excellent protection against
premature wear and can prevent the occurrence of incidental
abrasions that can detract from the substrate’s appearance.
Enhanced durability: A rhodium coating will ensure the longest
possible part lifespan, even in the most challenging environments.
Chemically inert: This metal is a chemically inert material, meaning
it will not react adversely with other metals or chemicals during
electroplating.
Aesthetic appeal: One of the most significant benefits of plating with
precious metals is their ability to enhance the appearance of the
substrate. The coating is also highly reflective, which adds to the
brightness and shine of the workpiece.
8. 2. Literature : Wear life in Rh plating types
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 8
• RHODIUM-RUTHENIUM alloy plating is having
higher abrasion Resistance than pure Rh platting
• Cost of Rh-Ru (70:30) is lower (30%) than pure
rhodium
• Slighter Color difference are there between pure
Rh and Rh-Ru alloy
Ref: Awaiting similar test report for Rh-Pt in
blue colour from Umicore(Njwellery techniq)
9. || Confidential || CITE Department Page 9
Coating Type
From solution
Chemical
Electrochemical
Solgel
(Nano ceramic)
From gas phase
(e.g PVD, CVD)
Liquid/semi liquid
(e.g Thermal spray)
Electro chemical
method coating
Organic base
(E coat)
Blue color
bath type
Pink color
bath type
Inorganic base
(Metallic plating)
Rh blue
color plating
bath type
Rh blue color
pen plating
2.Literature: Coating Type selection and principle
10. 3. competitive analysis - Benchmarking 1 _Katherine Jetter
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 10
Blue Rhodium platted on 14K gold
Hot Pink Sapphire and Seed Pearl Hoops with Enamel
https://katherinejetter.com/products/pink-sapphire-and-seed-pearl-hoops-with-
enamel
Ref:
https://katherinejetter.com/collections/new-collection/products/copy-of-diamond-
mini-huggie-hoops-with-pink-rhodium-plating
11. 3 .Competitive analysis- Benchmarking 2_ Diamondere
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 11
• Brand: Diamondere
• Country: USA
• Coating type: gallium or indium plated
to make it bright blue and scratch-
resistant.
• Metal: 14K yellow gold
12. || Confidential || CITE Department Page 12
E coat
Suppliers
Euro tecniche
Quote received
Legor
Quote received
Doitimpex
Navbharath
4.Coating and Supplier selection
Rh platting
Suppliers for bath
Only Blue color
Euro tecniche
Quote recived
Legor
Quote awaited
TWL / SRA Team
NA in india
Navbharath
Rh platting Suppliers
for Pen (Blue)
Euro tecniche
Legor
Rs 7800
Rs 10000
Rs 106000
Rs 120000
Rs 4500
Solgel
(Nano ceramic)
Euro tecniche
Rio grande
13. 5. FMEA (Failure mode effects analysis)
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 13
Si
no
Process/product
requirements
Potential failure
mode
Potential effect of
failure
Class
/Sev
Potential cause Recommended action
1 Brightness, reflection
and shine in final
platted gold ring
Base metal having
higher roughness,
not polished 100%.
Surface finish not
acceptable after
plating
High/
8
Inspection and
qualification criteria
not available before
plating.
Missed polishing.
Inspection and acceptance
criteria as roughness of
polished surface should be
less than or equal to 0.1
micron level
2 Brightness, reflection
and shine in final
platted gold ring
Porosity defects on
surface
Surface finish not
acceptable after
plating
High/
8
Inspection and
qualification criteria
not available before
plating
Zero Porosity level to be
verified for the platting
samples.
3 No surface
discoloration
Color change due to
reaction
Tarnishing/corrosio
n
Mod
erate
/6
Reaction with sweat or
environment chemicals
To be validated in artificial
sweat test / humidity
chamber
4 Surface discoloration Color shade Change from
intended color and
brightness
Mod
erate
/6
Continuous exposure to
sun light
To be validated in UV
chamber
14. 5. FMEA (Failure mode effects analysis) contin.,
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 14
Si
no
Process/product
requirements
Potential
failure mode
Potential effect of
failure
Class/Sev Potential cause Recommended action
5 Adhesiveness of
coating
Peel off Non uniform base
metal color
visibility(Yellow-
Blue), surface
layer discontionus
Moderat
e/6
Substrate surface with
impurities (oil, grease,
volatile matter)
- Establishing degreasing and ultrasonic
cleaning process as per plating
requirement
- Adhesion test DVP to validate
chemistry of rhodium solution
6 Abrasion / wear
life of coating
Coating
removal
Surface coating
removal and
aesthetic change
in look
High/8 Daily use, abrasion
between object in
contact and skin
- Abrasion test to validate relative life of
new colour coating in comparison with
white rhodium
- Need to make guideline for the
product as a user instruction
- Guideline for converting to yellow
gold once coating started to remove
7 Uniform
coating/color
Improper
coating/color
Early coating
failure
High/8 Improper process
parameter/chemical
DOE to validate and update SOP with
validated process parameters
8 In put material
availability
Non
availability of
raw material
Process /
production stop
High/8 Color rhodium not
available in india
-Developing two suppliers and trying to
develop E coat as alternate in validation
15. 6. Process flow diagram for Rhodium platting- SOP guideline
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 15
Polishing of platting
sample
Inspection
-Surface finish
-Equipment/chemical
condition
Equipment
calibration,
PPEs , Chemical
requirements
Recording
checklist
Ok
/Not
ok
Send
Quality
alert
Ultrasonic cleaning
(2 mins )
Cleaning solution –
Detergent solution
with 20ml/l, 60 °C
Normal rinse
(5 to 10 sec)
Rinse in demineralized
water (5 to 10 sec)
A
Ok
Not Ok
16. 6. Process flow diagram for Rhodium platting- - SOP guideline
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 16
A
Electrolytic degreasing
(1 min)
Solution-
Degreasing
powder
100g/l
6 to 10 V, 50 °C
Anode-stainless
steel
Normal rinse
(5-10 sec)
Rinse in demineralized
water (5 to 10 sec)
Activation
(10 sec)
Visually
inspect ok
/Not ok
Not Ok
Ok
5%
sulphuric
Acid
B
B
Rhodium plating
2-3 Min
2-2.2V, 40 °C
Anode-Pt
platted Ti
Solution- 2g
Rh/200ml +
800ml DM
water
Visually
inspect ok
/Not ok
Not Ok
Ok
Normal rinse
(5-10 sec)
Rinse in demineralized
water (5 to 10 sec)
Dry with hot air
inspect
ok /Not
ok
Send
Quality
alert
Despatch
Ok
Not Ok
17. 7. Process flow diagram for E coat- SOP guideline
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 17
Polishing of platting
sample
Inspection
-Surface finish
-Equipment/chemical
condition
Equipment
calibration,
PPEs , Chemical
requirements
Recording
checklist
Ok
/Not
ok
Send
Quality
alert
Ultrasonic cleaning
(2 mins )
Detergent
solution with
20ml/l, 60 °C
Normal rinse
(5 to 10 sec)
Rinse in demineralized
water (5 to 10 sec)
A
Ok
Not Ok
A
Electrolytic
degreasing
(1 min)
Solution-
Degreasing
powder
100g/l
6 to 10 V, 50 °C
Anode-stainless
steel
Normal rinse
(5-10 sec)
Rinse in
demineralized water
(5 to 10 sec)
Activation
(10 sec)
inspect
ok /Not
ok
Not Ok
Ok
5%
sulphuric
Acid
B
18. 7. Process flow diagram for E coat- SOP guideline
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 18
B
Bath platting- 25 Sec
25V, 30 °C
Anode-stainless
steel
inspect ok
/Not ok
Not Ok
Ok
Double rinse
(10 sec)
Dry with hot air
Dry in fan oven
inspect
ok /Not
ok
Send
Quality
alert
Despatch
Ok
Not Ok
125 °C, 40 mins
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Time
Volt
Time vs Volt chart
19. 8.Design of experiment for parameter finalization _ Rhodium plating
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 19
Sample
no/ID
Voltage (V) Time (mins) Temperature
(Degree Celsius)
Colour Coating
inspection
remarks
1 2.2 1 40
2 2.2 2 40
3 2.2 3 40
4 2 2 40
5 2 3 40
Samples planned to collect as finish product in quality return stage with
reasons which is not going to affect coating development- (e.g Weight
change, Stone Wallen)
Parameter will be fixed Based on initial
coating evaluation
20. 9.Design of experiment for parameter finalization _E coat
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 20
Sample
no/ID
Voltage (V) cycle Time (Sec) Temperature
(Degree
Celsius)
Colour Coating
inspection
remarks
1 5 sec for 0V, 13 sec for 0 to 25 V ,
hold 12 sec
25 30 Blue
2 0 to 28V in 13 sec, 12 sec in 28 V 25 30 Blue
3 0 to 30 V in 13 sec, 12 sec in 30 V 25 30 Blue
4 25 30 Pink
5 28 30 Pink
6 30 30 Pink
Samples planned to collect as finish product in quality return stage with
reasons which is not going to affect coating development- (e.g Weight
change, Stone Wallen)
Parameter will be fixed Based on initial
coating evaluation
21. 10.DVP plan for Rhodium platting
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 21
Testing Specification Reference Test
standard
Testing
location
No of sample
required and size
Test category Target date
Artificial sweat 24 hr ISO3160/NFS80772 QA lab Any size, 1 no Must 17th Sep
Humidity test 24 hr ISO 9022 QA lab Any size, 1 no Optional 15th Sep
UV Test 24 Hr ASTM D4587 QA lab Any size, 1 no Must 15th Sep
Ultrasonic test 2 min, 60 deg Working condition In CITE lab Any size, 1 no Must 15th Sep
Adhesive tap test 2.9 to 3.1 N ISO 4524-5 QA lab Any size, 1 no Must 15th Sep
Adhesive bend test 90 deg angle ISO 4524-5 Process 10mmx25mm, 1 no Optional 25th Sep
Abrasion test Comparative
with white Rh
ASTM D4060/
ASTM F1978
QA lab 10mmx25mm, 1 no Must 20th Sep
Relative Reflectivity Comparative
with white Rh
ASTM E1331 CITE lab Any size, 1 no Optional 15th Sep
Coating thickness
measurement (XRF/SEM)
0.2 micron ASTM B568 Need to
identify
Any size, 1 no Optional TBD
CIELAB color space Observation ASTM E1347 &
ASTM D2244
QA lab Any size, 1 no Optional 15th Sep
22. 11.DVP plan for Ecoat
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 22
Testing Specification Reference Test
standard
Testing
location
No of sample
required and size
Test category Target date
Artificial sweat 24 hr ISO3160/NFS80772 QA lab Any size, 1 no Must 19th Sep
Humidity test 24 hr ISO 9022 QA lab Any size, 1 no Optional 17th Sep
UV Test 24 Hr ASTM D4587 QA lab Any size, 1 no Must 17th Sep
Ultrasonic test 2 min, 60 deg Working condition In CITE lab Any size, 1 no Must 17th Sep
Adhesive tap test 2.9 to 3.1 N ISO 4524-5 QA lab Any size, 1 no Must 17th Sep
Adhesive bend test 90 deg angle ISO 4524-5 Process 10mmx25mm, 1 no Optional 27th Sep
Abrasion test Comparative
with white Rh
ASTM D4060/
ASTM F1978
QA lab 10mmx25mm, 1 no Must 22th Sep
Relative Reflectivity Comparative
with white Rh
ASTM E1331 CITE lab Any size, 1 no Optional 17th Sep
Coating thickness
measurement (XRF/SEM)
0.5 to 3 micro ASTM B568 Need to
identify
Any size, 1 no Optional TBD
CIELAB color space Observation ASTM E1347 &
ASTM D2244
QA lab Any size, 1 no Must 17th Sep
23. 12Solgel Ceramic coating
|| Confidential || CITE Department Page 23
1. Eurotechniche
https://drive.google.com/file/d/11QfWuV5v
GjWL9gQ0OSDpu5WK6t_X8c4c/view
2. Riogrande
https://www.riogrande.com/product/LuxArt
CoatingCartridgesLucidRose5g/204864?code
=204864
• This LuxArt® Lucid- With 35% ceramic content and organic
matrix, creative designs with opaque surfaces.
• Use LuxArt® to create high-polish of enamel and the durability
of ceramic—without plating equipment or high-temperature
kilns.
• The finished surface has a hardness of 210 N / mm² and is
hypoallergenic and bio-compatible