Spinal injury
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Spinal cord injuries can be complete or incomplete. A complete spinal cord injury results in loss of all sensation and movement below the level of injury. Incomplete injuries include anterior cord syndrome where loss of pain and temperature sensation occurs below the injury along with motor deficits while light touch and position remain. Central cord syndrome causes greater motor deficits in the upper extremities compared to lower with variable sensory loss. Brown-Sequard syndrome results in ipsilateral paralysis and loss of some sensations with contralateral loss of pain and temperature. Causes of spinal cord injury include bullet or stab wounds, traumatic injuries, electric shocks, twisting of the body, or head impacts during sports.
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This patient, a middle aged woman, presents with symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome in her left hand. On examination, the assistant notes wasting of the thenar eminence and weakness of thumb abduction on the left side. Tinel's sign and Phalen's test are also positive on the left. The assistant diagnoses left median nerve palsy due to carpal tunnel syndrome. No underlying causes such as arthritis or endocrine disorders are observed. The assistant wishes to examine for cervical radiculopathy before confirming the diagnosis with nerve conduction studies.
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Spinal injury
- 1. SPINAL INJURY Dr. Maria Idrees: PT Lecture 14
- 4. DEFINITION Spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that results in a loss of function such as mobility or feeling.
- 5. TYPES OF SPINAL CORDINJURY Complete Spinal Cord Injuries Complete paraplegia is described as permanent loss of motor and nerve function at T1 level or below, resulting in loss of sensation and movement in the legs, bowel, bladder, and sexual region. Arms and hands retain normal function.
- 7. INCOMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURIES Anterior cord syndrome Loss of pain, temperature, and motor function is noted below the level of the lesion; light touch, position, and vibration sensation remain intact.
- 9. CENTRAL CORD SYNDROME Motor deficits (in the upper extremities compared to the lower extremities; sensory loss varies but is more pronounced in the upper extremities); bowel/bladder dysfunction is variable, or function may be completely preserved.
- 12. BROWN-SEQUARD SYNDROME Ipsilateral paralysis or paresis is noted, together with ipsilateral loss of touch, pressure, and vibration and contralateral loss of pain and temperature.
- 15. CAUSES: Bullet or stab wound Traumatic injury Electric shock Extreme twisting of the middle of the body Landing on the head during a sports injury
- 17. THANK YOU