The document outlines the essential components of effective speech, including structure (introduction, body, conclusion) and delivery methods (impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, memorized). It distinguishes between various speech purposes such as informative, persuasive, entertaining, and ceremonial, emphasizing the importance of clarity and engagement with the audience. The conclusion reinforces main points and provides closure, highlighting the speaker's goals in effectively communicating their message.

1. SPEECH BASICS, THE PURPOSE, &
METHODS OF DELIVERY
ENGLISH 203
Reporter: Ordeneza, JV Ralph
C.

2. 01
Identify the fundamental components of effective speech, including
introduction, body, and conclusion.
02
Differentiate between various speech purposes, such as
informative, persuasive, entertaining, and ceremonial.
03
LESSON OBJECTIVES
Analyze and discuss different methods of speech delivery,
including impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and
memorized styles.

3. SPEECH BASICS
I B C
Introduction Body Conclusion

4. INTRODUCTIO
N
In a speech introduction lasting under a minute, speakers aim
to captivate the audience by employing attention-grabbing
elements like jokes or anecdotes. The introduction clarifies the
main claim, establishes the speaker's ethos through delivery
and content, and forges connections between the audience's
interests and the speech topic. Additionally, previewing the
main points enhances audience engagement and aids in
retention. Transitioning from the introduction to the body
involves a logical organization, linking similar ideas with
effective transitions, such as "in addition to" or "however," to
articulate the speech's underlying logic. Internal summaries,
brief restatements of main points, serve as a unique transition
type, signaling the shift into the body of the speech.

5. INTRODUCTIO
N
Example:
Imagine a speech about the benefits of regular exercise. The
speaker could begin with a surprising statistic about the positive
impact of training on mental health. This attention-grabber
would focus the audience's attention. To establish goodwill and
credibility, the speaker might briefly share a personal experience
related to the topic or mention qualifications in the health and
fitness field. The preview could include physical health benefits,
mental well-being, and practical tips for incorporating exercise
into daily life. This sets the stage for the body of the speech,
ensuring the audience is engaged and informed about what to
expect.

6. BODY
In the body of a speech, it is advised to limit main points for
optimal audience comprehension—three for short speeches
and no more than five for longer ones. Clear articulation
and "signposting" of main points through transitions,
numbering, and pauses facilitate audience recognition and
understanding. Various organizational modes, such as
temporal (chronological, reverse chronological), cause-
effect, spatial, topical, and compare/contrast, offer flexibility
in structuring information. Temporal patterns follow
timelines or sequences, cause-effect illuminates
relationships, spatial patterns describe physical
arrangements, and topical designs categorize and
compare/contrast highlight similarities and differences.
Speakers should choose an organization method that best
suits their content and enhances audience follow-through,

7. CONCLUSION
In the speech conclusion, shorter than the introduction,
two key objectives are achieved: summarizing the main
ideas and providing a sense of closure. Effective
conclusions may reference the introduction, employ
analogies or metaphors, pose a question, challenge, or
include brief quotations. This strategic closure reinforces
key points, leaves a lasting impression, and ensures the
audience departs with a clear understanding of the
speech's significance.

8. PURPOSE OF SPEECH
To Inform To Persuade To Entertain Ceremonial

9. TO INFORM
The primary purpose of informative speeches is to
provide audiences with new knowledge, enabling them
to understand a topic or acquire skills. Unlike
persuasive speeches, informative speeches aim not to
influence specific actions but to enhance the audience's
awareness. An essential aspect is avoiding the shift
from informing to persuading, exemplified by
encouraging particular activities related to the
information provided. New public speaking students
must often avoid blurring the lines between these
distinct purposes.
• An informative speech could be titled “What is a
car?”

10. TO PERSUADE
The purpose of persuasive speeches is to
convince listeners to embrace a particular
viewpoint or adopt a specific behavior.
Distinguishing from informative speeches,
persuasion involves a call to action,
compelling the audience to change their
thinking or behavior. Two main categories of
persuasion are identified: "pure persuasion,"
driven by a sincere belief in the audience's
best interest, and "manipulative persuasion,"
characterized by dishonesty and ulterior
motives.

11. TO PERSUADE
In pure persuasion, the speaker advocates for a
change they genuinely believe benefits the
audience. In contrast, manipulative persuasion
involves misleading the audience for personal
gain, often leading to a breach of trust when the
audience discovers hidden motives. Ethical
persuasive speeches typically adhere to the
genuine intent of pure persuasion unless called
explicitly for manipulative influence.

12. TO ENTERTAIN
The purpose of entertaining speeches is
distinct from informative and persuasive ones,
as it emphasizes audience enjoyment and
diversion rather than conveying deep
understanding. While entertaining speeches
may have informative or persuasive roots, their
primary focus lies in theme and occasion,
catering to the audience's enjoyment. These
speeches can take various tones, ranging from
humor to seriousness, to briefly divert the
audience from their everyday lives. Although
entertaining speeches may contain informative
or persuasive content, their core objective
remains to provide enjoyment rather than

13. CEREMONIAL
A ceremonial speech is based on the events that
brought the speech to a place. Let’s take the best man’s
speech at a wedding as a case study. No best man starts
a wedding speech by discussing what marriages are and
why they were instituted. He doesn’t go on and on,
giving reasons why others should consider marrying.
They come on stage and start with a joke or two,
perhaps about the groom. They’ll also provide details of
their relationship with the new couple, especially the
groom, and why they’re a good fit. Then, they end the
speech with the best wishes to the new couple in their
marriage journey. Here, the context of the event (the
union between two people) drives the speech, not the
need to inform, demonstrate, or persuade.

14. METHODS OF DELIVERY
Impromptu Extemporaneo
us
Manuscript
speaking
Memorized
speaking

15. WRAP UP
A claim of fact asserts that a condition has existed, exists,
or will exist. It presents the argument that the claim is true
or specifies a specific term.
A
A claim of value assesses, appraises, or judges a concept.
In this claim, you develop a position in which you say
something is good, bad, or that one thing is superior to
another.
B
A claim of policy is a claim that suggests a course of action
that ought to be followed in order to address a specific
issue. It suggests a precise course of action that should be
taken.
C

16. IMPROMPTU
Impromptu speaking involves delivering a short, unplanned message, often in
spontaneous and animated group settings. Common instances include giving
toasts or responding to unexpected questions. While advantageous for its
spontaneity, impromptu speaking presents the challenge of limited time for
thoughtful preparation, potentially resulting in disorganization. A helpful guide for
impromptu speeches includes collecting thoughts, expressing gratitude,
delivering a concise message at a manageable pace, expressing thanks again, and
concluding promptly.
Impromptu speeches are generally most successful when they are brief and focus
on a single point.

17. EXTEMPORANEOUS
Extemporaneous speaking involves delivering a well-prepared speech in a
conversational style, relying on brief notes instead of a full manuscript. This
approach allows speakers to establish eye contact, assess audience
comprehension, and promptly address any uncertainties. The speaker's ability to
gauge audience reactions ensures clarity and engagement. While fostering
perceptions of knowledge and credibility, extemporaneous speaking demands
thorough preparation for both verbal and nonverbal aspects of the speech. The
advantages include audience engagement and perceived expertise, while the
main drawback lies in the need for substantial pre-speech preparation. Given its
prevalence in public speaking, the chapter primarily focuses on extemporaneous
speaking.

18. MANUSCRIPT
SPEAKING
Manuscript speaking involves delivering a speech word-for-word from a written
document, often maintaining focus on the text except when incorporating visual
aids. The advantage lies in precise repetition, crucial in contexts where exact
wording is paramount, such as legal statements. However, this method can be
uninteresting unless delivered as a lively performance with rehearsed vocal
expression and gestures. The speaker's gaze fixed on the script limits audience
engagement, requiring pre-existing interest for attention retention. Professional
speakers, actors, and politicians often use autocue devices for televised speeches,
achieving a conversational tone through practice and a script designed for natural
delivery. Success in this medium hinges on the speaker's skill and a script crafted
in a conversational style.

19. MEMORIZED
SPEAKING
Memorized speaking involves delivering a speech from memory, eliminating the
need for notes and allowing the speaker to maintain consistent eye contact, use
gestures freely, and move around the stage. While advantageous for audience
engagement and freedom of movement, there are potential drawbacks. Without
careful consideration of vocal cues, gestures, and facial expressions, the
presentation may become monotonous or lackluster. Rapid or machine-gun-style
delivery patterns may obscure key points. Additionally, the risk of forgetting lines
or going blank during the presentation poses challenges, potentially causing
disruptions and signaling to the audience that something is amiss.

20. ANY CLARIFICATIONS,
QUESTIONS, AND
REACTIONS?

21. THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING

22. REFERENCES
Netizenme, T. (2022, February 10). Purposes of a Public Speech: Ceremonial Speech.
Knowledge Netizen. https://netizenme.com/business-communication/types-and-
purposes-of-a-public-speech-ceremonial-speech/
‌
University of Minnesota. (2016, November 8). 14.1 four methods of delivery – Stand up,
speak out.
https://open.lib.umn.edu/publicspeaking/chapter/14-1-four-methods-of-delivery/
University of Minnesota. (2016, November 8). 6.1 general purposes of speaking – Stand
up, speak out.
https://open.lib.umn.edu/publicspeaking/chapter/6-1-general-purposes-of-speaking/