Respiration provides the energy for speech through breathing. There are two phases of respiration: inhalation where the diaphragm draws air into the lungs and exhalation where air is forced back out. Phonation occurs when the larynx catches the exhaled breath and the vocal folds transform it into sound, influencing pitch, loudness, and quality. Resonance is the modification and amplification of sound through organs like the pharynx, nose, and mouth. There are two types of resonance: sympathetic and conductive. Articulation is the process where vocal sounds become speech sounds through articulators like the tongue, lips, and jaw acting on various points of articulation including the alveolar ridge and soft palate

1. SPEECH
PROCESS
BY: PAMELA C. LICAYAN
ELT. Cognates 4011 : The English System of
Phonemes

2. Respiration
(i.e., breathing) is the power
mechanism for speech; it provides
energy for the sound produced.

3. Two (2) Phases of Respiration
–Inhalation – The diaphragm contracts drawing
air down into the lungs; first the abdomen
expands, then the chest (thoracic) cavity.
–Exhalation – The diaphragm relaxes forcing air
back out of the lungs

4. PHONATION
the process by which the
larynx catches the stream of
exhaled breath from the lungs
and, by means of tiny vocal
folds, transforms it into vocal
sound.
Organs involved:
larynx, vocal folds

7. Three Aspects of Voiced Influenced
by Movements of the Vocal Folds
Pitch – the frequency of the vibration
•Loudness – the intensity of the sound
•Quality – the sound quality of the voice,
also referred to as timbre

8. RESONANCE
the process of
sound
modification and
amplification.
Organs involved:
pharynx, nose,
mouth

10. Two (2) Basic Kinds of Resonance
–Sympathetic resonance (or free resonance) in
which there is no physical contact between the
two bodies.
–Conductive resonance (or forced resonance) in
which the resonator starts vibrating because it is
in physical contact with a vibrating body.

11. ARTICULATION
the process by which vocal sound
becomes speech sounds, syllables, and
words.

12. ARTICULATORS
A.Principal Articulators
• tongue
• lower lip
• jaw
B. Points of Articulation
 upper lip
 upper teeth
 alveolar ridge (gum)
 hard palate (dome)
 soft palate (velum)

13. Articulators
TOUNGE
Upper and Lower Lips
Upper and Lower Teeth

14. Place of Articulation

15. Manner of Articulation