HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - LEAGUE OF NATIONS: ABYSSINIA 19...George Dumitrache
Italy was ruled by the fascist dictator Mussolini in the 1930s. Mussolini invaded Abyssinia in 1935 for revenge from a previous defeat, to gain an African colony, and because he admired Japan's recent invasion of Manchuria which faced no consequences. The League of Nations imposed sanctions on Italy but they were ineffective as supplies could still pass through the Suez Canal. Italy conquered Abyssinia in 1936, damaging the League's reputation and pushing Italy closer to allying with Hitler's Germany.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: PROBLEMS FACING THE NEW REPUBLICGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: PROBLEMS FACING THE NEW REPUBLIC. Contains: the monarchy, great depression impact, Alfonso abdicates, major problems, little industry and depression.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY REVISION - AGE OF EXTREMISM: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSGeorge Dumitrache
Mussolini's foreign policy aimed to restore Italy's power and make the Mediterranean under Italian control. His invasion of Abyssinia in 1935 marked a shift to a more aggressive approach as he sought domestic support. By 1939 he had allied with Hitler but had achieved little of real value for Italy. The disunity of Republican forces and support for Franco from Germany and Italy contributed to the Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War. Hitler rapidly expanded German power by remilitarizing the Rhineland, annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia. The Nazi-Soviet pact allowed the invasion of Poland but worried German generals as it expanded the war.
Franco ruled Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator. He established a single-party fascist state, oppressing liberals, socialists, and others. While initially isolated, Franco aligned with the US and Western allies during the Cold War. Later economic reforms and development opened Spain's economy and society, though political reforms were lacking. Franco's death left growing social tensions unresolved.
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes was a Spanish painter born in 1746 who explored themes of irrationality, folly, and corruption in his work. His painting The Third of May, 1808, created in 1814, depicts the execution of Spanish rebels by French soldiers during the Peninsular War. Measuring 255cm x 345cm, the oil on canvas work was one of Goya's darker pieces, emotionally and visually, responding to the conflict between Spain and France. The document also provides biographical details on Goya and references documentary films about The Third of May, 1808 available on YouTube.
The Spanish Civil War began in 1936 as a military uprising led by General Francisco Franco against the Republican government. Key causes of the war included social and political divisions between conservatives and liberals over issues like land reform, religion, and regional autonomy. Franco gained control of Spanish Morocco and transported Moroccan troops to the Iberian Peninsula to support the Nationalist side. The war consisted of multiple stages across northern, central, and eastern Spain as Franco sought to take control of the country from the Republican government over nearly three years of fighting until April 1, 1939, when Franco emerged as the victor.
The document summarizes the key events of the Interwar Period (1919-1938) and World War II (1939-1945). During the Interwar Period, European nations struggled economically after WWI. Germany faced especially harsh reparations under the Treaty of Versailles. The Great Depression worsened economic issues. Totalitarian regimes rose in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union. WWII began in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland. Germany conquered much of Europe by 1940 but failed to defeat Britain. The Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944 put Germany on the defensive. Germany surrendered in 1945 after the Soviets took Berlin. The Holocaust resulted in the genocide of approximately 6 million Jews and others under the Nazi regime across Europe.
Karl Marx founded communism in response to the 1848 revolutions and wrote the Communist Manifesto. Vladimir Lenin led the Russian Revolution that overthrew the tsar and established the Soviet Union, which he initially led before Joseph Stalin took control and centralized power. Stalin purged his enemies, leaving the Soviet Union feeling secure by 1939. Japan modernized after the Meiji Restoration and became an imperial power that expanded into Manchuria and China by 1937. Germany's Weimar Republic failed following World War I and the Treaty of Versailles, allowing fascism and Adolf Hitler to rise to power as he remilitarized Germany and expanded its territory rapidly by 1939.
HISTORY IGCSE CONTENT - 20TH CENTURY OPTION - LEAGUE OF NATIONS: ABYSSINIA 19...George Dumitrache
Italy was ruled by the fascist dictator Mussolini in the 1930s. Mussolini invaded Abyssinia in 1935 for revenge from a previous defeat, to gain an African colony, and because he admired Japan's recent invasion of Manchuria which faced no consequences. The League of Nations imposed sanctions on Italy but they were ineffective as supplies could still pass through the Suez Canal. Italy conquered Abyssinia in 1936, damaging the League's reputation and pushing Italy closer to allying with Hitler's Germany.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: PROBLEMS FACING THE NEW REPUBLICGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: PROBLEMS FACING THE NEW REPUBLIC. Contains: the monarchy, great depression impact, Alfonso abdicates, major problems, little industry and depression.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY REVISION - AGE OF EXTREMISM: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSGeorge Dumitrache
Mussolini's foreign policy aimed to restore Italy's power and make the Mediterranean under Italian control. His invasion of Abyssinia in 1935 marked a shift to a more aggressive approach as he sought domestic support. By 1939 he had allied with Hitler but had achieved little of real value for Italy. The disunity of Republican forces and support for Franco from Germany and Italy contributed to the Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War. Hitler rapidly expanded German power by remilitarizing the Rhineland, annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia. The Nazi-Soviet pact allowed the invasion of Poland but worried German generals as it expanded the war.
Franco ruled Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator. He established a single-party fascist state, oppressing liberals, socialists, and others. While initially isolated, Franco aligned with the US and Western allies during the Cold War. Later economic reforms and development opened Spain's economy and society, though political reforms were lacking. Franco's death left growing social tensions unresolved.
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes was a Spanish painter born in 1746 who explored themes of irrationality, folly, and corruption in his work. His painting The Third of May, 1808, created in 1814, depicts the execution of Spanish rebels by French soldiers during the Peninsular War. Measuring 255cm x 345cm, the oil on canvas work was one of Goya's darker pieces, emotionally and visually, responding to the conflict between Spain and France. The document also provides biographical details on Goya and references documentary films about The Third of May, 1808 available on YouTube.
The Spanish Civil War began in 1936 as a military uprising led by General Francisco Franco against the Republican government. Key causes of the war included social and political divisions between conservatives and liberals over issues like land reform, religion, and regional autonomy. Franco gained control of Spanish Morocco and transported Moroccan troops to the Iberian Peninsula to support the Nationalist side. The war consisted of multiple stages across northern, central, and eastern Spain as Franco sought to take control of the country from the Republican government over nearly three years of fighting until April 1, 1939, when Franco emerged as the victor.
The document summarizes the key events of the Interwar Period (1919-1938) and World War II (1939-1945). During the Interwar Period, European nations struggled economically after WWI. Germany faced especially harsh reparations under the Treaty of Versailles. The Great Depression worsened economic issues. Totalitarian regimes rose in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union. WWII began in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland. Germany conquered much of Europe by 1940 but failed to defeat Britain. The Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944 put Germany on the defensive. Germany surrendered in 1945 after the Soviets took Berlin. The Holocaust resulted in the genocide of approximately 6 million Jews and others under the Nazi regime across Europe.
Karl Marx founded communism in response to the 1848 revolutions and wrote the Communist Manifesto. Vladimir Lenin led the Russian Revolution that overthrew the tsar and established the Soviet Union, which he initially led before Joseph Stalin took control and centralized power. Stalin purged his enemies, leaving the Soviet Union feeling secure by 1939. Japan modernized after the Meiji Restoration and became an imperial power that expanded into Manchuria and China by 1937. Germany's Weimar Republic failed following World War I and the Treaty of Versailles, allowing fascism and Adolf Hitler to rise to power as he remilitarized Germany and expanded its territory rapidly by 1939.
The Greco-Italian War was a conflict between Italy and Greece from October 1940 to April 1941. Italy invaded Greece in October 1940 after Greece rejected an Italian ultimatum, but the Greek army counterattacked and forced the Italians to retreat. By mid-December, the Greeks had occupied a quarter of Albania and tied down over 500,000 Italian troops. In April 1941, Germany invaded Greece through Bulgaria to assist Italy, allowing the Germans to defeat the Greeks and end the war.
The document summarizes several key causes that led to World War II:
1) After World War I, Western democracies like Britain, France and the US were weakened by the war's destruction while extremist political parties gained popularity amid economic struggles and rising unemployment.
2) In Germany, the Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms that angered citizens and destabilized the Weimar Republic, allowing the rise of Hitler and Nazism.
3) Italy also faced economic troubles in the aftermath of WWI, fueling support for Mussolini's fascist ideology and takeover.
4) In Russia, Stalin consolidated power as a totalitarian dictator after Lenin's death and established a repressive regime through propaganda
The document summarizes the aggressive foreign policies and expansionism of fascist regimes in the 1930s and 1940s, including Japan's invasion of China, Italy's invasion of Abyssinia, and Germany's annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia. It led to the formation of the Axis alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan and the outbreak of World War 2 with Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939. The war engaged most nations around the world and resulted in over 50 million deaths before the Allied powers of the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States defeated Germany, Italy and Japan between 1942-1945. Europe was left devastated as the world transitioned to a new geopolitical landscape dominated by the two new super
Taller sobre el sistema político de España, impartido por Susana Rodríguez Ávila, profesora de CCSS y directora del IES Mercedes Labrador.
Proyecto I CHANGE Erasmus+
España 2017
The document summarizes the history of the Second Spanish Republic from 1931 to 1936 and the subsequent Spanish Civil War. It describes how the democratic Republic was declared in 1931 but faced opposition from conservatives and the Catholic Church. Reforms in the first two years polarized society further. Elections in 1933 brought conservative governments that rolled back reforms, fueling leftist opposition and a failed revolution in 1934. Elections in 1936 brought the left-wing Popular Front to power, but political violence increased and a military coup in July 1936 marked the start of the three-year Civil War, with the Nationalists led by Franco emerging victorious in 1939.
Benito Mussolini was an Italian fascist dictator who ruled Italy from 1922 until his execution in 1945. As the leader of the National Fascist Party, he grew increasingly allied with Nazi Germany. In 1940, despite Italy being unprepared for war, Mussolini entered World War II on Germany's side. This decision proved to be his downfall, as Italy suffered major losses and Mussolini was eventually overthrown and killed by Italian partisans at the end of the war.
The Spanish Civil War was a conflict between 1936 and 1939 in Spain between the Republicans, who supported the democratically elected Spanish Republic, and the Nationalists, led by General Francisco Franco. The Nationalists sought to rule Spain and create an authoritarian dictatorship under Franco, while the Republicans fought for democracy, liberty, and justice. The war resulted in the victory of the Nationalists and Franco's authoritarian rule over Spain until his death in 1975.
Napoleonic Wars and the Law of unintended consequencesKiran Kalyan
The Napoleonic Wars had several unintended consequences:
1. Nelson's victory over the French fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 ended Napoleon's plans to invade England and buried French naval ambitions for good.
2. French scholars studying the Rosetta Stone in Egypt helped pioneer the translation of hieroglyphics, an discovery that allowed for greater understanding of ancient Egyptian history.
3. The wars contributed to the decline of Spanish and French colonial power, enabling independence movements in Latin America in the early 1800s.
The document provides an overview of the rise of totalitarian regimes following World War 1. It discusses how the Treaty of Versailles led Germany to resent the guilt and losses imposed on it. The League of Nations was unable to prevent aggression due to lack of support from major powers. This created a vacuum for non-traditional political solutions like fascism in Italy and Germany. Mussolini rose to power in Italy amid economic and political instability after WWI. He transformed Italy into a dictatorship and crushed opposition while maintaining Catholic support through agreements with the Vatican.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR AFTER 1917 AND BEFORE 1940George Dumitrache
The second presentation for Paper 3, "The origins of the Cold War after 1917 and before 1940". Suitable for Cambridge Examination starting May/June and November 2016. It contains: the start of the hostility in 1917; the Cossacks; Lenin and the Great War; USA, Wilson and Germany; a synthesis of the American perspective; World War 1, the Great Depression and the World War 2; from wartime allies to Cold War enemies.
The Nazis spent the years 1924-1929 preparing for another attempt at gaining power in Germany despite facing little success and interest at the time. They worked to make the Nazi Party and SA efficient and polished, practiced propaganda and oratory skills, and made plans for what they would do in power. While violence against political opponents helped gain some attention and support, the Nazis still achieved very little success in this period. It was not until the Great Depression hit Germany in 1929 that the conditions would be right for the Nazis to really increase their support and impact.
The rise of National Socialism in Germany from 1923-1935 led to the end of the Weimar Republic. Key events included Hitler's failed Beer Hall Putsch in 1923, Germany's economic recovery in the mid-1920s followed by the Great Depression, and Hitler's appointment as Chancellor in 1933 which established a Nazi dictatorship. Hitler banned opposing parties, restricted civil liberties, and passed the Nuremberg Laws which targeted Jews. By 1935, the Weimar Republic had collapsed and Nazi Germany had been established under a one-party totalitarian state led by Hitler.
The document summarizes political changes in Spain from 1902 to 1978. It describes the transition from monarchy to republic in the early 20th century, followed by the civil war and Franco's dictatorship from 1939 to 1975. After Franco died, Spain transitioned to democracy, holding elections in 1977. A new constitution in 1978 established Spain as a parliamentary monarchy that protects citizens' rights.
This document summarizes World War I and World War II. It provides details on the start and end dates of each war, the alliances involved, and some of the underlying causes. World War I was from 1914-1918 and was between the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente. Some of the causes included nationalism, imperialism, and the alliance system. World War II was from 1939-1945 and was between the Axis powers and Allies. Causes of WWII included the consequences of WWI like the Treaty of Versailles and failure of appeasement.
This document discusses major events in international history from 1900-1990, with a focus on the two World Wars and the Cold War era.
[1] World War 1 began in Europe in 1914 and became the first "total war", fully mobilizing societies and economies. [2] World War 2 was even more global in scale and brought an end to European dominance in global politics. [3] The postwar period saw the rise of two superpowers, the US and USSR, and the start of the Cold War, characterized by political, military, and nuclear confrontation between the two sides.
This document summarizes World War I and World War II. It provides details on the start and end dates of each war, the alliances involved, and some of the underlying causes. For World War I, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand triggered the war that was also fueled by nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system. For World War II, Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 marked the start of the war, which was caused by factors from the Treaty of Versailles like Germany feeling punished and ignoring provisions, as well as economic conditions and Hitler's actions.
The document provides background information on World War 1, including that it started on July 28, 1914 and ended on November 11, 1918, resulting in almost 8 million deaths and 22 million wounded. Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system contributed to the outbreak of war. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Gavrilo Princip of the Black Hand organization in Serbia sparked the initial conflict. Major battles included the lengthy and bloody Battle of Verdun.
The document outlines several underlying causes of World War 2, including the harsh Treaty of Versailles which left Germany feeling resentful, territorial disputes after WWI, the rise of fascism in Italy and Germany in the 1920s-1930s under Mussolini and Hitler, and the failure of the League of Nations to prevent aggression by Japan, Germany and Italy due to its lack of enforcement powers and limited membership.
Este documento describe los virus informáticos, incluyendo su historia, características, métodos de propagación, tipos y formas de combatirlos. Los virus son programas maliciosos que se replican a sí mismos y se propagan a otros archivos y computadoras. El documento también explica los diferentes tipos de antivirus y cómo funcionan para detectar y eliminar virus.
1) Researchers tested the effects of a new diffuser design and additional tail piece on the performance of an industrial axial-flow pump.
2) Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and laboratory experiments showed that with an 8-vane impeller, the new diffuser and tail piece improved pump efficiency by 3.9% compared to the original design.
3) However, with a 5-vane impeller, the original pump design performed better due to a mismatch between the impeller and diffuser vane angles with the new design.
The Greco-Italian War was a conflict between Italy and Greece from October 1940 to April 1941. Italy invaded Greece in October 1940 after Greece rejected an Italian ultimatum, but the Greek army counterattacked and forced the Italians to retreat. By mid-December, the Greeks had occupied a quarter of Albania and tied down over 500,000 Italian troops. In April 1941, Germany invaded Greece through Bulgaria to assist Italy, allowing the Germans to defeat the Greeks and end the war.
The document summarizes several key causes that led to World War II:
1) After World War I, Western democracies like Britain, France and the US were weakened by the war's destruction while extremist political parties gained popularity amid economic struggles and rising unemployment.
2) In Germany, the Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms that angered citizens and destabilized the Weimar Republic, allowing the rise of Hitler and Nazism.
3) Italy also faced economic troubles in the aftermath of WWI, fueling support for Mussolini's fascist ideology and takeover.
4) In Russia, Stalin consolidated power as a totalitarian dictator after Lenin's death and established a repressive regime through propaganda
The document summarizes the aggressive foreign policies and expansionism of fascist regimes in the 1930s and 1940s, including Japan's invasion of China, Italy's invasion of Abyssinia, and Germany's annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia. It led to the formation of the Axis alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan and the outbreak of World War 2 with Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939. The war engaged most nations around the world and resulted in over 50 million deaths before the Allied powers of the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States defeated Germany, Italy and Japan between 1942-1945. Europe was left devastated as the world transitioned to a new geopolitical landscape dominated by the two new super
Taller sobre el sistema político de España, impartido por Susana Rodríguez Ávila, profesora de CCSS y directora del IES Mercedes Labrador.
Proyecto I CHANGE Erasmus+
España 2017
The document summarizes the history of the Second Spanish Republic from 1931 to 1936 and the subsequent Spanish Civil War. It describes how the democratic Republic was declared in 1931 but faced opposition from conservatives and the Catholic Church. Reforms in the first two years polarized society further. Elections in 1933 brought conservative governments that rolled back reforms, fueling leftist opposition and a failed revolution in 1934. Elections in 1936 brought the left-wing Popular Front to power, but political violence increased and a military coup in July 1936 marked the start of the three-year Civil War, with the Nationalists led by Franco emerging victorious in 1939.
Benito Mussolini was an Italian fascist dictator who ruled Italy from 1922 until his execution in 1945. As the leader of the National Fascist Party, he grew increasingly allied with Nazi Germany. In 1940, despite Italy being unprepared for war, Mussolini entered World War II on Germany's side. This decision proved to be his downfall, as Italy suffered major losses and Mussolini was eventually overthrown and killed by Italian partisans at the end of the war.
The Spanish Civil War was a conflict between 1936 and 1939 in Spain between the Republicans, who supported the democratically elected Spanish Republic, and the Nationalists, led by General Francisco Franco. The Nationalists sought to rule Spain and create an authoritarian dictatorship under Franco, while the Republicans fought for democracy, liberty, and justice. The war resulted in the victory of the Nationalists and Franco's authoritarian rule over Spain until his death in 1975.
Napoleonic Wars and the Law of unintended consequencesKiran Kalyan
The Napoleonic Wars had several unintended consequences:
1. Nelson's victory over the French fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 ended Napoleon's plans to invade England and buried French naval ambitions for good.
2. French scholars studying the Rosetta Stone in Egypt helped pioneer the translation of hieroglyphics, an discovery that allowed for greater understanding of ancient Egyptian history.
3. The wars contributed to the decline of Spanish and French colonial power, enabling independence movements in Latin America in the early 1800s.
The document provides an overview of the rise of totalitarian regimes following World War 1. It discusses how the Treaty of Versailles led Germany to resent the guilt and losses imposed on it. The League of Nations was unable to prevent aggression due to lack of support from major powers. This created a vacuum for non-traditional political solutions like fascism in Italy and Germany. Mussolini rose to power in Italy amid economic and political instability after WWI. He transformed Italy into a dictatorship and crushed opposition while maintaining Catholic support through agreements with the Vatican.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR AFTER 1917 AND BEFORE 1940George Dumitrache
The second presentation for Paper 3, "The origins of the Cold War after 1917 and before 1940". Suitable for Cambridge Examination starting May/June and November 2016. It contains: the start of the hostility in 1917; the Cossacks; Lenin and the Great War; USA, Wilson and Germany; a synthesis of the American perspective; World War 1, the Great Depression and the World War 2; from wartime allies to Cold War enemies.
The Nazis spent the years 1924-1929 preparing for another attempt at gaining power in Germany despite facing little success and interest at the time. They worked to make the Nazi Party and SA efficient and polished, practiced propaganda and oratory skills, and made plans for what they would do in power. While violence against political opponents helped gain some attention and support, the Nazis still achieved very little success in this period. It was not until the Great Depression hit Germany in 1929 that the conditions would be right for the Nazis to really increase their support and impact.
The rise of National Socialism in Germany from 1923-1935 led to the end of the Weimar Republic. Key events included Hitler's failed Beer Hall Putsch in 1923, Germany's economic recovery in the mid-1920s followed by the Great Depression, and Hitler's appointment as Chancellor in 1933 which established a Nazi dictatorship. Hitler banned opposing parties, restricted civil liberties, and passed the Nuremberg Laws which targeted Jews. By 1935, the Weimar Republic had collapsed and Nazi Germany had been established under a one-party totalitarian state led by Hitler.
The document summarizes political changes in Spain from 1902 to 1978. It describes the transition from monarchy to republic in the early 20th century, followed by the civil war and Franco's dictatorship from 1939 to 1975. After Franco died, Spain transitioned to democracy, holding elections in 1977. A new constitution in 1978 established Spain as a parliamentary monarchy that protects citizens' rights.
This document summarizes World War I and World War II. It provides details on the start and end dates of each war, the alliances involved, and some of the underlying causes. World War I was from 1914-1918 and was between the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente. Some of the causes included nationalism, imperialism, and the alliance system. World War II was from 1939-1945 and was between the Axis powers and Allies. Causes of WWII included the consequences of WWI like the Treaty of Versailles and failure of appeasement.
This document discusses major events in international history from 1900-1990, with a focus on the two World Wars and the Cold War era.
[1] World War 1 began in Europe in 1914 and became the first "total war", fully mobilizing societies and economies. [2] World War 2 was even more global in scale and brought an end to European dominance in global politics. [3] The postwar period saw the rise of two superpowers, the US and USSR, and the start of the Cold War, characterized by political, military, and nuclear confrontation between the two sides.
This document summarizes World War I and World War II. It provides details on the start and end dates of each war, the alliances involved, and some of the underlying causes. For World War I, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand triggered the war that was also fueled by nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system. For World War II, Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 marked the start of the war, which was caused by factors from the Treaty of Versailles like Germany feeling punished and ignoring provisions, as well as economic conditions and Hitler's actions.
The document provides background information on World War 1, including that it started on July 28, 1914 and ended on November 11, 1918, resulting in almost 8 million deaths and 22 million wounded. Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system contributed to the outbreak of war. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Gavrilo Princip of the Black Hand organization in Serbia sparked the initial conflict. Major battles included the lengthy and bloody Battle of Verdun.
The document outlines several underlying causes of World War 2, including the harsh Treaty of Versailles which left Germany feeling resentful, territorial disputes after WWI, the rise of fascism in Italy and Germany in the 1920s-1930s under Mussolini and Hitler, and the failure of the League of Nations to prevent aggression by Japan, Germany and Italy due to its lack of enforcement powers and limited membership.
Este documento describe los virus informáticos, incluyendo su historia, características, métodos de propagación, tipos y formas de combatirlos. Los virus son programas maliciosos que se replican a sí mismos y se propagan a otros archivos y computadoras. El documento también explica los diferentes tipos de antivirus y cómo funcionan para detectar y eliminar virus.
1) Researchers tested the effects of a new diffuser design and additional tail piece on the performance of an industrial axial-flow pump.
2) Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and laboratory experiments showed that with an 8-vane impeller, the new diffuser and tail piece improved pump efficiency by 3.9% compared to the original design.
3) However, with a 5-vane impeller, the original pump design performed better due to a mismatch between the impeller and diffuser vane angles with the new design.
PYPMYP- PERFORMING ARTS MUSIC-MADHAV AGRAWALMadhav Agrawal
Madhav Agrawal is a single subject specialist in music at an IB school in Gurgaon, India. He is responsible for implementing the PYP and MYP music programs, including planning, preparing and delivering lessons, assessing student learning, and maintaining classroom discipline. He has over 10 years of experience teaching music and previously held positions as head of the music department at other schools. Agrawal received his master's degree in Hindustani vocals and is skilled in piano, guitar, vocals, sound engineering and other areas. His philosophy of music education is that music should be taught to all students to help them build 21st century skills and have an outlet for self-expression. He believes teachers should use varied teaching methods to
El documento discute las aplicaciones de las TICs como el e-commerce y la banca en línea, y menciona los aspectos positivos como romper barreras de distancia y menores costos y las conclusiones sobre cómo las TICs están cambiando el mundo de manera positiva al facilitar la investigación y el aprendizaje.
El documento describe la rutina diaria de una persona que incluye revisar mensajes, notificaciones y redes sociales a diferentes horas del día, como WhatsApp, Facebook y Messenger por la mañana, tarde y noche, así como usar aplicaciones como Maps, Waze, Hotmail, Gmail y Kodi.
Nwadinobi Ijeoma Miriam is seeking a position where she can utilize her skills to help achieve an organization's corporate goals. She has over 10 years of experience in finance, accounting, sales, and credit control. She holds a Higher National Diploma in Accounting from Lagos State Polytechnic and is working towards becoming a Chartered Accountant. Her previous roles include positions as a cash teller, secretary, account executive, and senior account executive. She has strong communication, time management, and computer skills.
Eloy Orueta es un diseñador gráfico argentino que vive actualmente en Barcelona. Se graduó de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata en Buenos Aires con una licenciatura en Diseño en Comunicación Visual. Ha trabajado como diseñador gráfico senior para varias agencias como Poliedro Comunicación & Marketing, ClickUP estudio y Raster Agencia Publicitaria. Habla con fluidez español e inglés y tiene experiencia usando programas como Photoshop, Illustrator e InDesign.
flexible IT contracting strategies for IaaSAndrew Flick
This document provides guidance on contracting strategies for Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). It recommends using a Statement of Objectives over a Statement of Work to allow flexibility. A single contract award is suggested to leverage volume discounts. A multi-year contract with options allows the winner to recover investment costs. It also recommends a Quality Assurance Surveillance Plan with service level agreements and escalation procedures to ensure requirements are met. Conducting a best value evaluation allows consideration of attributes beyond just price.
PYPMYP-PERFORMING ARTS MUSIC -MADHAV AGRAWALMadhav Agrawal
This document outlines the author's philosophy of music education. It discusses that the purpose of teaching music is to pass the passion for music onto students and help them find success and pride through practice. Music education builds important 21st century skills and allows students to express themselves. The author believes music should be taught to all students regardless of ability, and that the teacher's role is to motivate students and make music interesting. An effective music teacher uses varied teaching techniques to engage different types of learners, teaches with passion and life, and shares personal stories to connect with students.
Este documento define la refactorización como el proceso de reestructurar el código software para mejorar su diseño y mantenibilidad sin cambiar su comportamiento, con el objetivo de hacerlo más fácil de entender y modificar. Explica que la refactorización mejora la calidad del código al facilitar la detección de errores y el desarrollo futuro, pero requiere equilibrarla con otros objetivos como los plazos. También señala que la refactorización surgió como práctica reconocida por programadores pioneros como Cunningham y
The axial skeleton comprises 80 bones located along the body's central axis. It includes the skull, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs. The skull is made up of 22 bones including 8 cranial bones that form the cranium and 14 facial bones. The vertebral column consists of 26 vertebrae that are separated into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions. It protects the spinal cord and supports the head. The sternum and 12 pairs of ribs are also part of the axial skeleton, with the ribs attaching to the vertebrae and sternum.
The 5 best countries to live in around the worldHeshan Rodrigo
The document summarizes the top 5 best countries to live in based on factors like education, healthcare, quality of life, and economic stability. Finland ranks 5th with its extensive education system and literacy rate of 100%. Switzerland ranks 2nd for its strong economy, political stability, and high quality of family life. Denmark ranks first as the happiest country due to its stable society and access to healthcare, education, and job opportunities.
1. Block diagrams can be used to model both simple and complex systems, and consist of multiple blocks connected to represent the system's functioning.
2. It is often necessary to reduce block diagrams by combining or rearranging blocks for easier analysis and calculation of the transfer function.
3. Common block diagram reduction techniques include combining blocks in cascade or parallel, moving summing or pickoff points, eliminating feedback loops, and swapping summing points.
The Spanish Civil War lasted from 1936 to 1939 and was a conflict between two opposing forces - the Nationalists who supported a monarchy and the Republicans who supported the Spanish liberal government. The Nationalists, led by Gen. Francisco Franco, rebelled against the Republican government. The war became an international battleground as Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy supported the Nationalists while the Soviet Union supported the Republicans. Major battles included the Nationalists taking Malaga in 1937 and Barcelona in 1939, culminating in their victory in March 1939.
The document provides an overview of World War II and its aftermath from 1931-1949. It discusses the rise of dictators like Hitler and Mussolini and their acts of aggression, including Germany invading Poland in 1939 which led Britain and France to declare war on Germany, plunging Europe into World War II. The document also covers events during the war like the Allied victories and turning points that led to the defeat of Germany and Japan.
The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) was a brutal conflict that polarized Spain between left and right political factions. Over 350,000 people were killed during the three-year war. The war also became internationalized as European powers like Germany and the Soviet Union supported opposing sides, making Spain a battleground before World War 2. Ultimately, Francisco Franco and the Nationalists emerged victorious, establishing a 40-year dictatorship and neutralizing Spain for WWII.
This document provides context on the rise of Nazi Germany between 1936 and 1939. It discusses key events that paved the way for war, including Hitler's remilitarization of the Rhineland in 1936, the Spanish Civil War from 1936-1939, and Germany's annexation of Austria in 1938. The document also examines Hitler's worldview of inevitable conflict with Bolshevism and the need to remove Jews from power. These beliefs drove his foreign policy and desire to rapidly expand German territory and resources, leading to the outbreak of World War 2.
This document provides an overview of Spanish history from the 19th century to the present. It discusses key events like the Spanish War of Independence against Napoleon, the restoration of the monarchy under Ferdinand VII, the establishment of the First Spanish Republic in 1873, and the dictatorship of Francisco Franco from 1939-1975. It also summarizes cultural and social developments in 20th century Spain, including influential artists like Picasso, Dali, and Gaudi as well as changes for women's rights since the end of Franco's regime.
This presentation offers a detailed and comprehensive look at the Spanish Civil War, a conflict that shook Spain in the 1930s. Through images, graphics, and clear explanations, the causes and consequences of the war are explored, as well as the key events that marked its development. The impact of the war on Spain and world politics is also analyzed, and its lasting legacy in Spanish society is discussed. This presentation explores the background of novel 'For whom the Bell Tolls' by Ernest Hemingway.
Esta presentación ofrece una mirada detallada y exhaustiva sobre la Guerra Civil Española, un conflicto que sacudió España en la década de 1930. Esta presentación explora el trasfondo de la novela 'For whom the Bell Tolls' de Ernest Hemingway.
- Miguel Primo de Rivera resigns as dictator in 1930, leading to the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931.
- Political and social tensions rise and the Spanish Civil War begins in 1936 after Franco rebels. Franco's nationalist forces defeat the republicans by 1939.
- Franco establishes a dictatorship that lasts until his death in 1975, bringing nearly four decades of authoritarian rule and isolation to Spain.
After years of decline and loss of its colonies and influence, Spain was divided in the early 20th century between those wanting to open up the country and those wanting to keep it closed. Francisco Franco pursued a military career during this turbulent time. The rise of fascist groups like Falange Española led to civil war in 1936 between republicans and nationalists. Franco emerged as the leader of the nationalist forces and defeated the republicans by 1939, beginning a 40-year dictatorship characterized by Catholic nationalism, repression, and isolation from the West. Though Spain experienced economic growth later on, social unrest increased as Franco sought continuity for his regime until his death in 1975.
The document summarizes key events in European history from World War I through the Cold War era. It describes the two sides in World Wars I and II, how the US and USSR emerged as superpowers after WWII and the tensions of the Cold War without direct military conflict. It also provides an overview of the political developments in Spain from the early 20th century through the dictatorship of Franco and transition to democracy.
REVISION IGCSE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY: SPANISH CIVIL WAR.
Spanish Civil War, (1936–39), military revolt against the Republican government of Spain, supported by conservative elements within the country. When an initial military coup failed to win control of the entire country, a bloody civil war ensued, fought with great ferocity on both sides. The Nationalists, as the rebels were called, received aid from Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. The Republicans received aid from the Soviet Union as well as from the International Brigades, composed of volunteers from Europe and the United States.
This document provides an overview of World War II and the Shoah (Holocaust) through several sections:
1. The Political Stage - It outlines the political events leading up to WWII, including the Spanish Civil War, Japan's invasion of China, and Hitler's rise to power and actions in Germany.
2. WWII in Europe - It discusses the warfare and home fronts in Europe, including propaganda and women entering the workforce. It also mentions the Shoah.
3. WWII in the Pacific - It outlines the warfare and home fronts in the Pacific, including Japan's attacks on Pearl Harbor and Asian territories, as well as the internment of Japanese Americans.
4. It concludes with a brief discussion
This document provides an overview of two volumes of songs from the Spanish Civil War. Volume 1 contains songs performed by Pete Seeger, Tom Glazer, and others related to the Lincoln Brigade. Volume 2 contains songs sung by Ernst Busch and a chorus related to democracy. Both volumes contain songs in Spanish, English, German, and other languages that were sung by those who fought against Franco in the war. The songs helped spread awareness of the Republican cause and bring attention to the struggle against fascism internationally.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: REASONS FOR AND IMPLICATIONS OF FRANCO'S VICTORYGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: REASONS FOR AND IMPLICATIONS OF FRANCO'S VICTORY. Contains: who was Franco, convinced monarchist, military dictatorship, El Caudillo, Spain and World War 2, Spain and the Cold War, restauration of monarchy, reasons for Franco's victory, implications.
1) Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and expanded into China in 1937, while Germany and Italy took increasingly aggressive steps including remilitarization and invasions of neighboring states.
2) Democratic powers pursued an appeasement policy and failed to resist early German and Italian actions.
3) Hitler continued expanding by annexing Austria and demanding the Sudetenland, culminating in the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1939 in violation of appeasement agreements.
4) Germany and the Soviet Union signed a non-aggression pact, then Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939 leading Britain and France to declare war, starting World War II.
World War II was a global conflict from 1939-1945 that involved most nations splitting into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. Key causes included the Treaty of Versailles, the rise of fascist regimes in Germany, Italy and Japan, and their subsequent aggression that violated international agreements. Major events included Germany's invasion of Poland starting the war, Germany and Italy's rapid conquests in Europe, Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union, Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor drawing the US into the war, the Allied invasions of German-occupied Western Europe on D-Day, and the US dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end the war. Over 60 million people died making it the dead
During the 1930s, totalitarian governments led by fascist leaders like Adolf Hitler in Germany and Benito Mussolini in Italy gained power in those countries as well as the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin. World War 2 began in 1939 with Germany invading Poland, and by 1941 Germany had conquered much of Europe while Japan had expanded its empire in Asia and the Pacific, culminating with their attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on December 7, 1941 which led to America's entry into the war.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: KING ALFONSO XIII ABDICATION. Contains: timeline, King Alfonso XIII, the RIF war, Primo de Rivera, the seeds of authoritarianism, reasons for king Alfonso abdication, country, religion, monarchy, king in voluntary exile, the velvet revolution.
This slideshow contains a large amount of information and it is best to download it and to read it on a full screen, at leisure.
Churchill said many times that WW2 was an ‘unnecessary war’. He was thinking only of the Europe and not the WW2 in the Pacific. Hegemony, imperialism and nationalism had a lot of to do with it, but historian can never be satisfied with these labels. Unlike the sociologists, military strategists, the economists and psychologists, historians cannot be satisfied with generalisations. These are not specific enough for the historians. Historians like to dig into their subject in details and look into the specifics, motives and the events. Because their explanation is in such detail level, inevitably there are many shades of opinions and different views. Then they debate amongst themselves and hopeful come to some kind of conclusion as to what actually happened. But this is too complicated for politicains. They like simple explanation. Politicians pick and choose facts and events to build their case according to their political colours.
This is what is happening to the history of the Second World War. It is been revised, distorted and even denied. In authoritarian society, books are banned, views are censored and people are kept ignorance of the events. In a more open nations, this could lead to denial of holocausts and atrocities. Myths and invention can always manufactured to justify their ideology. As J H Plumb said in ‘The Death of the Past’, the role of the historian was to “dissolve those simple structural generalisations by which our forefathers interpreted the purpose of life in historical terms” and to challenge the use of the past as an instrument of political or social repression. In the words of British historian Eric Hobsbawn “We (historian) have a responsibility to historical facts in general, and for criticizing the politico-ideological abuse of history in particular.” No nation is greater or smaller because of their past, it is what they are doing today that matters. Jerry 23 Dec 2015.
More photos here
https://flic.kr/s/aHskoaBe4T
The Spanish Civil War began in 1936 as a military rebellion led by Francisco Franco against the Spanish Republic. Franco and the Nationalists were supported by fascist governments in Germany and Italy and sought to restore traditional Spanish values and the powerful role of the Catholic Church. The war resulted in over 500,000 deaths as both sides received foreign support and weapons. After three years, Franco emerged victorious in 1939 and established a repressive dictatorship, banning opposition and severely restricting civil liberties. Franco ruled until his death in 1975, when King Juan Carlos began democratic reforms and transitioned Spain to a constitutional monarchy with autonomous regional governments.
Similar to Spanish Civil War and its effect on Spain (20)
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
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আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
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How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
2. Causes
The Nationalist party The Republican Party
The Wall Street Crash in 1929
vs.
Abdication of the king in 1931
The unstable situation of the
country
Alternation of government
between the two rival parties
3. Strength Help
⥤ Germany
⥤ Italy RIGHT-WING
⥤ Portugal
⥤ URSS REPUBLICANS
⥤ France
⥤ UK committee of “NO INTERVENTION”
⥤ USA
4. Exiled
Federico García Lorca He was murdered
Rafael Alberti to Chile
Juan Ramón Jiménez to USA and Puerto Rico
Pablo Picasso to Paris
Antonio Machado to Collioure(France)
Salvador Dalí to USA
5. War’s end
1st april of 1939 ended the Spanish Civil War
with the right-wing victory.
Then, Franco began his dictatorship that it ended
in 1975.
6. Consequences
Cultures
A lot of monuments were destroyed forever
Social
Hunger was also very important and present.
Separation between winners and losers (right/left wing)
7. Guernica
The 26th April of 1937, bombs
started to falling over Guernica
town. The planes of Germany
Nazi with the support of Italian
fascists, dropped 31 tons of
bombs.
There were about 2.000 mortal
victims.
8. The bombing of Guernica
This painting was created
by Pablo Picasso during
the bombing of the town
Guernica in order to
show the picture for the
International Exhibition
of 1937 in Paris.
9. The Law of Public Memory
“La Ley de la Memoria Histórica” was created in
order to remedy the wrongs of the past.
NOW...