The document provides information on planning cover crops and cash crops for Parson Produce farm. It discusses the benefits of crop rotations including reducing pest pressure, weeds, and disease while improving soil fertility. Cover crops are described as crops grown to support other crops, not for harvest. Warm and cool season legume, grass, and broadleaf cover crop options are listed, along with how to plant, incorporate, and design crop rotations. The second half provides an example field layout and planting schedule for Field 1 with vegetables.
Cover crops are the cornerstone of any organic vegetable production system. Learn how they are used on an organic farm by and experienced grower, Daniel Parson, and the science behind why they work from a soil science expert, Julia Gaskin.
Crop rotations for vegetables and cover crops 2014, Pam DawlingPam Dawling
Ideas to help you design a sequence of vegetable crops which maximizes the chance to grow good cover crops as well as reduce pest and disease likelihood. Discusses formal rotations as well as ad hoc systems for shoehorning minor crops into available spaces. The workshop discusses cover crops suitable at various times of year, particularly winter cover crops between vegetable crops in successive years. Includes examples of undersowing of cover crops in vegetable crops and of no-till options.
• Rotation planning for permanent raised beds
• 7 step rotation planning for row crops, steps 1-4
• A useful format for rotation plans
• A walk around our crop rotation
• Steps 5-7 of rotation planning
• Pros and cons of tight rotation planning
• Resources and contact info
Providing vegetables for the full eating season 2013 Pam DawlingPam Dawling
Growing vegetables throughout the season - succession planting for continuous harvests of summer vegetables such as beans, squash, cucumbers and sweet corn; also
year-round lettuce, growing and storing cold-hardy winter vegetables
Planning for sustainable farming by feeding the soil. Growing and maintaining healthy soils. Using crop rotations, cover crops, compost and organic mulches. A step-by-step guide to crop rotation. Example of a ten part rotation of vegetables and cover crops. Benefits of crop rotations, cover crops and compost. Opportunities to grow cover crops. Fitting the cover crop with the goal; smothering weeds, fixing nitrogen, scavenging leftover nutrients, improving soil drainage, grazing for small animals, bio-fumigation, killing nematodes. How to make aerobic (hot) compost. Resource list included.
Plan for continuous supplies of popular summer vegetable crops, such as beans, squash, cucumbers and sweet corn; cold-weather hoophouse greens and year-round lettuce. Avoid vegetable gluts and shortages.
Crop planning for sustainable vegetable production 2016 Pam DawlingPam Dawling
A step-by-step approach to closing the planning circle, so that you can produce crops when you want them and in the right quantities, so you can sell them where and when you need to and support yourself with a rewarding livelihood while replenishing the soil. Never repeat the same mistake two years running!
Cover crops for vegetable growers Pam DawlingPam Dawling
Using cover crops to feed and improve the soil, smother weeds, and prevent soil erosion. Selecting cover crops to make use of opportunities year round: early spring, summer, fall and going into winter. Fitting cover crops into the schedule of vegetable production while maintaining a healthy crop rotation
Cover crops are the cornerstone of any organic vegetable production system. Learn how they are used on an organic farm by and experienced grower, Daniel Parson, and the science behind why they work from a soil science expert, Julia Gaskin.
Crop rotations for vegetables and cover crops 2014, Pam DawlingPam Dawling
Ideas to help you design a sequence of vegetable crops which maximizes the chance to grow good cover crops as well as reduce pest and disease likelihood. Discusses formal rotations as well as ad hoc systems for shoehorning minor crops into available spaces. The workshop discusses cover crops suitable at various times of year, particularly winter cover crops between vegetable crops in successive years. Includes examples of undersowing of cover crops in vegetable crops and of no-till options.
• Rotation planning for permanent raised beds
• 7 step rotation planning for row crops, steps 1-4
• A useful format for rotation plans
• A walk around our crop rotation
• Steps 5-7 of rotation planning
• Pros and cons of tight rotation planning
• Resources and contact info
Providing vegetables for the full eating season 2013 Pam DawlingPam Dawling
Growing vegetables throughout the season - succession planting for continuous harvests of summer vegetables such as beans, squash, cucumbers and sweet corn; also
year-round lettuce, growing and storing cold-hardy winter vegetables
Planning for sustainable farming by feeding the soil. Growing and maintaining healthy soils. Using crop rotations, cover crops, compost and organic mulches. A step-by-step guide to crop rotation. Example of a ten part rotation of vegetables and cover crops. Benefits of crop rotations, cover crops and compost. Opportunities to grow cover crops. Fitting the cover crop with the goal; smothering weeds, fixing nitrogen, scavenging leftover nutrients, improving soil drainage, grazing for small animals, bio-fumigation, killing nematodes. How to make aerobic (hot) compost. Resource list included.
Plan for continuous supplies of popular summer vegetable crops, such as beans, squash, cucumbers and sweet corn; cold-weather hoophouse greens and year-round lettuce. Avoid vegetable gluts and shortages.
Crop planning for sustainable vegetable production 2016 Pam DawlingPam Dawling
A step-by-step approach to closing the planning circle, so that you can produce crops when you want them and in the right quantities, so you can sell them where and when you need to and support yourself with a rewarding livelihood while replenishing the soil. Never repeat the same mistake two years running!
Cover crops for vegetable growers Pam DawlingPam Dawling
Using cover crops to feed and improve the soil, smother weeds, and prevent soil erosion. Selecting cover crops to make use of opportunities year round: early spring, summer, fall and going into winter. Fitting cover crops into the schedule of vegetable production while maintaining a healthy crop rotation
Fall vegetable production 2016 Pam DawlingPam Dawling
How to optimize production by choosing a suitable combination of warm weather crops, cool weather crops and cold-hardy crops. Seasonal tips on dealing with hot weather followed by dealing with cold weather, scheduling late summer and fall plantings, thoughts about season extension and an introduction to winter hoophouse growing.
How to grow garlic, control weeds, pests and diseases, know when to harvest and how to cure and store. How to produce garlic scallions, garlic scapes and green garlic. How to choose between varieties.
Year round vegetable production dawling 2017 90 minsPam Dawling
Strategies and techniques for producing vegetables sustainably all year, including caring for the soil, season extension, intensive planting, harvest and storage
Integrating Cover Crops into Specialty Crops Production; Gardening Guidebook for Kansas ~ Kansas Rural Cente~ For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Sustainable farming practices Pam Dawling 90 mins 2019Pam Dawling
An introduction to year round vegetable production; crop planning and record-keeping; feeding the soil using crop rotations, cover crops, compost making and organic mulches; production tips on direct sowing and transplanting, crop spacing, succession crop scheduling to ensure continuous harvests, efficient production strategies, season extension, dealing with pests, diseases and weeds; determining crop maturity and harvest methods.
Deciding which vegetable crops to grow, pam dawlingPam Dawling
Grow vegetable crops that fit your goals, whether for sale or for your household. Consider which crops are easy to grow, most profitable for the space or time, most suited to your conditions, high yielding, and undemanding. Use a DIY Crop Value Rating system to choose between options.
Storage vegetables for off season sales 2017 90min Pam DawlingPam Dawling
How to succeed with growing storage vegetables for sale in the off-season. Learn the cold-hardiness of various vegetable crops, how to predict the weather, methods to protect your crops from cold temperatures, various storage methods, and an introduction to hoophouse growing in winter.
Succession Planting for Continuous Vegetable Harvests
How to plan sowing dates for continuous supplies of popular summer crops, such as beans, squash, cucumbers, edamame and sweet corn; cold-weather hoophouse greens and year round lettuce. Using these planning strategies can help avoid gluts and shortages.
Diversify your vegetable crops 2017 90 mins Pam DawlingPam Dawling
As a vegetable grower, offer a broader range of vegetables and keep your customers coming back with a different crop every week, while still dependably supplying their old favorites. Learn how to distinguish between the crops likely to succeed and the siren call of too many weird eggplants.
Production of late fall, winter and early spring vegetable crops Pam DawlingPam Dawling
How to grow vegetables for harvest in late fall, though the winter and in early spring, particularly in the mid-Atlantic region, zones 6-7. Includes a list of suitable crops; details about growing them; how to schedule sowings to meet desired harvest dates; extending the season with row cover, low tunnels and high tunnels (hoophouses); mitigating the challenges of hot and cold weather, and protecting crops from insects. Hoophouse information includes minimizing nitrate accumulation in leafy greens, and planning for the Persephone days when the daylight length is shorter than 10 hours. Crops include lettuce, spinach, cooking greens, Asian greens, and roots. Includes information on winter hardiness, crop spacing, yields, and successful efficient planting techniques. Names some favorite varieties. The goals are to help growers farm the back end of the year, and increase earnings and the local food supply, while reducing the likelihood of beginner errors.
The seed garden 90 mins pam dawling 2020Pam Dawling
Combining growing some seed crops with growing lots of vegetables. Choosing suitable seed crops, calculating population size and isolation distances, selecting mother plants, harvesting, processing wet-seeded crops and dry-seeded crops. Using the hoophouse to grow seed crops. Seed storage and germination testing. Growing seeds for sale.
Growing sweet potatoes from start to finish Pam Dawling 2016Pam Dawling
How to grow your own sweet potato slips, plant them, grow healthy crops and harvest good yields. How to select suitable roots for growing next year’s slips. How to cure and store roots for top quality and minimal losses
Fall vegetable production 2016 Pam DawlingPam Dawling
How to optimize production by choosing a suitable combination of warm weather crops, cool weather crops and cold-hardy crops. Seasonal tips on dealing with hot weather followed by dealing with cold weather, scheduling late summer and fall plantings, thoughts about season extension and an introduction to winter hoophouse growing.
How to grow garlic, control weeds, pests and diseases, know when to harvest and how to cure and store. How to produce garlic scallions, garlic scapes and green garlic. How to choose between varieties.
Year round vegetable production dawling 2017 90 minsPam Dawling
Strategies and techniques for producing vegetables sustainably all year, including caring for the soil, season extension, intensive planting, harvest and storage
Integrating Cover Crops into Specialty Crops Production; Gardening Guidebook for Kansas ~ Kansas Rural Cente~ For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Sustainable farming practices Pam Dawling 90 mins 2019Pam Dawling
An introduction to year round vegetable production; crop planning and record-keeping; feeding the soil using crop rotations, cover crops, compost making and organic mulches; production tips on direct sowing and transplanting, crop spacing, succession crop scheduling to ensure continuous harvests, efficient production strategies, season extension, dealing with pests, diseases and weeds; determining crop maturity and harvest methods.
Deciding which vegetable crops to grow, pam dawlingPam Dawling
Grow vegetable crops that fit your goals, whether for sale or for your household. Consider which crops are easy to grow, most profitable for the space or time, most suited to your conditions, high yielding, and undemanding. Use a DIY Crop Value Rating system to choose between options.
Storage vegetables for off season sales 2017 90min Pam DawlingPam Dawling
How to succeed with growing storage vegetables for sale in the off-season. Learn the cold-hardiness of various vegetable crops, how to predict the weather, methods to protect your crops from cold temperatures, various storage methods, and an introduction to hoophouse growing in winter.
Succession Planting for Continuous Vegetable Harvests
How to plan sowing dates for continuous supplies of popular summer crops, such as beans, squash, cucumbers, edamame and sweet corn; cold-weather hoophouse greens and year round lettuce. Using these planning strategies can help avoid gluts and shortages.
Diversify your vegetable crops 2017 90 mins Pam DawlingPam Dawling
As a vegetable grower, offer a broader range of vegetables and keep your customers coming back with a different crop every week, while still dependably supplying their old favorites. Learn how to distinguish between the crops likely to succeed and the siren call of too many weird eggplants.
Production of late fall, winter and early spring vegetable crops Pam DawlingPam Dawling
How to grow vegetables for harvest in late fall, though the winter and in early spring, particularly in the mid-Atlantic region, zones 6-7. Includes a list of suitable crops; details about growing them; how to schedule sowings to meet desired harvest dates; extending the season with row cover, low tunnels and high tunnels (hoophouses); mitigating the challenges of hot and cold weather, and protecting crops from insects. Hoophouse information includes minimizing nitrate accumulation in leafy greens, and planning for the Persephone days when the daylight length is shorter than 10 hours. Crops include lettuce, spinach, cooking greens, Asian greens, and roots. Includes information on winter hardiness, crop spacing, yields, and successful efficient planting techniques. Names some favorite varieties. The goals are to help growers farm the back end of the year, and increase earnings and the local food supply, while reducing the likelihood of beginner errors.
The seed garden 90 mins pam dawling 2020Pam Dawling
Combining growing some seed crops with growing lots of vegetables. Choosing suitable seed crops, calculating population size and isolation distances, selecting mother plants, harvesting, processing wet-seeded crops and dry-seeded crops. Using the hoophouse to grow seed crops. Seed storage and germination testing. Growing seeds for sale.
Growing sweet potatoes from start to finish Pam Dawling 2016Pam Dawling
How to grow your own sweet potato slips, plant them, grow healthy crops and harvest good yields. How to select suitable roots for growing next year’s slips. How to cure and store roots for top quality and minimal losses
Avis Budget Group - Effective Strategies for Replicating Projects GloballyBlake Bisson
Featuring: Joe Hulseman, Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt, Avis Budget Group
You’ve done a great job improving a process in one area of the business. In an ideal world, that successful process change would be adopted at all site locations. But what usually happens next? All too often, the answer to that question is, unfortunately, “not much.”
That’s not the case, though, at Avis Budget Group (ABG), a leading global provider of vehicle rental services. ABG utilizes a dedicated team of 90 PEX Leaders around the globe to improve and standardize the customer car rental experience. This model uses projects that are replicated at multiple locations and is designed to enhance the customer experience.
But how do they achieve that when they have over 30,000 employees and more than 10,000 rental locations? And why is project replication so important to the customer experience?
Farm planning including marketing/business, crop rotations, and equipment. This workshop touches many important aspects of farm planning, and includes ideas and examples from my years of experience starting and running small organic vegetable farms.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
Southern SAWG-Planning the Planting of Cover Crops and Cash Crops
1. Planning the Planting of
Cover Crops and Cash
Crops
Daniel Parson
Parson Produce
404.452.4321
www.parsonproduce.com
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. Parson Produce
• The Farmhouse B & B is 40 acres
• 3.25 acres vegetable and cut flower
• Small Apiary
• 300 shiitake logs
• Applying for organic certification
7. Parson Produce Marketing
• 75 member Community Supported
Agriculture (CSA)
• Restaurants:
– Stella s Southern Bistro
– High Cotton Greenville
– American Grocery
• Live Oak Farm Store and Swamp
Rabbit Café and Grocery
• TD Saturday Market, Greenville
8. Why Rotations?
• Required for certified organic
• Reduce pest pressure
• Reduce weed problems
• Improve crop fertility
• Reduce crop disease
• Include cover crops in production
9. Certified Organic
The producer must manage crop
nutrients and soil fertility through
rotations, cover crops, and the
application of plant and animal
materials
10. What is a Cover Crop?
A cover crop is grown to support the
production of other crops; not for
harvest. Cover crop residue is left on
the surface in a no-till system or
incorporated into the soil in a tillage
system.
11. Pest Control
• Biodiversity
• Cover crops attract beneficials
• Break cycles of infestation
Example: soil-borne nematodes that are
plant-family specific
16. Beneficial Insects
Big-Eyed Bug Minute Pirate Bug
Newport News Master Gardeners
From University of Nebraska-
Lincoln/Photo by Jack Dykinga,
image from the USDA Agricultural
Research Service.
17. Weed Control
• Crop/weed timing
• Diverse cultivation methods
• Cover crops as smother crops
Example: cultivation of winter squash
before vines extend
19. Crop Fertility
• Certain crops deplete certain nutrients
• Some crops make nutrients more
available
• Cover crops
• Different crop fertilization strategies
20. Crop Fertility
Example: adding compost to one crop,
followed by one that needs well-
decomposed organic matter
Example: straw mulch on tomatoes
increases organic matter for
following crop
22. Disease Control
• Break the cycle of soil-borne disease
• Keep disease from building up
• Increase beneficial microorganisms
• Pathogens with limited host range
• Pathogens without airborne spores
25. What is a Good Cover Crop?
• Legumes
– Nitrogen fixation (70-200 lb/acre N)
• Grasses
– Add biomass (1-5 ton/acre dry)
– Conserve nutrients
• Other vigorous growers
26. How to Plant Cover Crops
• Minimal tillage to clean field and cover
– Fine seed on surface
– Larger seed sow before final cultivation
• Achieve full coverage
• Encourage vigorous germination
• Consider following crop
27.
28.
29.
30. How to Plow in Cover Crops
• Early bloom stage before seed sets
• Mow and shred
• Allow to dry and shrink
• Shallow tillage to incorporate
• Wait 4 weeks before direct seeding
31.
32. Warm Season Legumes
• Soybean
– Upright easy to grow
• Velvet bean (up to 200#N/acre)
– Climbing vines love heat
– Requires cultivation or companion
planting
• Cowpea (100-150#N/acre)
– Vigorous vines love heat
36. Warm Season Broadleaves
• Buckwheat (1-1.5 ton/acre dry)
– Short season
– Prolific blooms attract beneficial insects
– Cycles Calcium
• Sunflower
– Great scaffold for climbers
– Possible harvest with non-climbers
37. Cool Season Legumes
• Crimson Clover (70-130#N/acre)
– Rich in N and blooms
• Fava bean
– banner for N and biomass
• Hairy Vetch (90-200#N/acre)
• Austrian Winter Pea
41. Cool Season Grasses
• Cereal or Grain Rye
– Great height
– Winter hardiness
• Oats
– Early biomass and semi winter-hardy
• Wheat
– Smaller stature, hardy
42. Primary Mixes--Summer
• Buckwheat, Soybean, and Sudan
– Early bloom of buckwheat
– Mow when soybeans bloom
• Buckwheat alone in sequence
– Short season cover
– Constant bloom for insects
44. Primary Mixes--Winter
• Rye and hairy vetch
– More biomass formed
– Precedes later season crops
• Oats and Crimson Clover
– Precedes spring crops
– Better N source for short crops
45. How to Design a Rotation
• Measure and map your fields
• Divide into equal-sized ‘rotational
units’
• Group cash crops: family, seasonality
• Create rotational plan outline
• Fill in with cover crops
• Create detailed field plan
46. How to Design a Rotation
• Measure and map your fields
• Divide into equal-sized ‘rotational
units’
• Group cash crops: family, seasonality
• Create rotational plan outline
• Fill in with cover crops
• Create detailed field plan
48. How to Design a Rotation
• Measure and map your fields
• Divide into equal-sized ‘rotational
units’
• Group cash crops: family, seasonality
• Create rotational plan outline
• Fill in with cover crops
• Create detailed field plan
50. How to Design a Rotation
• Measure and map your fields
• Divide into equal-sized ‘rotational
units’
• Group cash crops: family, seasonality
• Create rotational plan outline
• Fill in with cover crops
• Create detailed field plan
57. How to Design a Rotation
• Measure and map your fields
• Divide into equal-sized ‘rotational
units’
• Group cash crops: family, seasonality
• Create rotational plan outline
• Fill in with cover crops
• Create detailed field plan
58. Arrange Crops
• Note-card method
• Blank grid method: column names
– Field Number
– Crops and Cover Crops
– Winter, Spring, Summer, and Fall
60. Field Rotation Plan 2012
Field Crop Season
Winter
1 Broccoli Spring
Soybeans/Buckwheat Summer
Carrots and Beets Fall
Rye Aisles Winter
2 Potatoes Spring
Sudex/Soybeans Summer
Garlic Fall
Winter
3 Spring
Late Flowers/Beans Summer
Wheat/Crimson Clover Fall
Winter
4 Spring
Okra Summer
Rye/Hairy Vetch Fall
Winter
5 Spring
Peppers/Eggplant Summer
Oats/Winter Peas Fall
Winter
6 Arugula and Lettuce Spring
Soybeans/Buckwheat Summer
Cabbage and Kale Fall
Rye/Crimson Clover Winter
7 Cucumbers/Squash Spring
Summer
Oats/Winter Peas Fall
Winter
8 Carrots and Beets Spring
Soybeans/Buckwheat Summer
Broccoli Fall
Rye/Clover Winter
9 Sweet Potatoes Spring
Oats and Clover Summer
Fall
Winter
10 Cabbage and Kale Spring
Buckwheat Summer
Arugula and Lettuce Fall
Wheat Aisles and Crimson Clover Winter
11 Spring
Early Flowers and Beans Summer
Rye and Hairy Vetch Fall
Winter
12 Spring
Melons Summer
Rye and Crimson Clover Fall
Winter
13 Tomatoes Spring
Oats and Winter Peas Summer
Fall
61. How to Design a Rotation
• Measure and map your fields
• Divide into equal-sized ‘rotational
units’
• Group cash crops: family, seasonality
• Create rotational plan outline
• Fill in with cover crops
• Create detailed field plan
66. Rotation Questions?
• Measure and map your fields
• Divide into equal-sized ‘rotational
units’
• Group cash crops: family, seasonality
• Create rotational plan outline
• Fill in with cover crops
• Create detailed field plan
67. Resources
• National Center for Appropriate
Technology www.attra.ncat.org
• Available online at www.sare.org
– Crop Rotation on Organic Farms: A
Planning Manual
– Using Cover Crops Profitably
• Adams-Briscoe Seed Company
www.abseed.com
68. Planning the Planting of
Cover Crops and Cash
Crops
Daniel Parson
Parson Produce
404.452.4321
www.parsonproduce.com