The document discusses the different financial needs of a business including long term needs of 5-10 years for fixed assets, medium term needs of 1-5 years, and short term needs of less than 1 year for working capital. It outlines the various sources that can be used to fund these needs, including equity shares, retained earnings, debentures, bank loans, trade credit, and cash credit. The sources should match the duration of the financial needs, with long term needs funded by long term sources and short term needs funded by short term sources.
Fund raising basics by Vipul Thakkar- Haribhakti (Jan 2012)GetEvangelized
This deck was presented by Vipul Thakkar (Haribhakti) at the first module of the funding Clinic series initiated by TiE Mumbai's Investor Forum in Jan 2012
Sources of Finance in entrepreneurship.pptxNaishana
In business, financing plays a crucial role in enabling growth and operations. Common sources of finance include equity financing, where funds are raised by selling ownership stakes in the company to investors, and debt financing, which involves borrowing money typically from banks or financial institutions with the promise of repayment with interest. Additionally, businesses may opt for alternative sources such as venture capital, where investors provide funds in exchange for equity and often offer expertise and guidance, or crowdfunding, where funds are raised from a large number of individuals online. Each source of finance has its advantages and considerations, and businesses often utilize a combination of these options to meet their specific needs and objectives.
A current asset is either cash or an asset (e.g. stock) that can be converted into cash within a year and is often used to pay off current liabilities.
Current assets typically include categories such as cash, marketable securities, short-term investments, accounts receivable , prepaid expenses, and inventory.
Approaches to Financing Current Assets.
Instruments in raising finance.
advantages and disadvantages of trade credit.
inter Corporate Deposits , etc.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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2. Business simply cannot function without money, and
the money required to make a business function is
known as business funds. Throughout the life of
business, money is required continuously. Sources of
funds are used in activities of the business. They are
classified based on time period, ownership and
control, and their source of generation.
3. Finance is the major part in running a firm. Distribution of
finance to each and every department is based upon the
requirements of that department and the situation of the
business. Requirement of finance can be broadly classified
into following −
Long term or fixed capital financial requirement.
Short-term or working capital requirement.
Sources of finance shows the mobilization of funds for
their requirement. To meet their long term and short term
requirements firm needs amounts to meet their
requirements. Based on mobilization of funds various
sources are classified as below
4. Sources of Finance
DIFFERENT FINANCIAL NEEDS OF BUSINESS:
Long Term Financial needs:
5-10 years
All investment in plant and machinery and permanent and hardcore working
capital
Medium Term Financial Needs:
more than 1 year but less than 5 years
Example – differed revenue expenditure, Special projects, Working capital
for Special orders etc.
Short Term financial needs:
less than 1 year
typically to finance working capital such as stocks debtors etc.
5. Basic Principle
LONG TERM REQUIREMENTS SHOULD
BE FUNDED THROUGH LONG TERM
SOURCES
SHORT TERM REQUIREMENTS
THROUGH SHORT TERM SOURCES
6. Sources of long term Finance
Equity Share Capital (including premium)
Preference Share Capital
Retained Earnings
Bonds and Debentures
Loans from Financial Institutions (Central,State,
Development andSpecific)
7. Equity Share Capital
Equity shares is the most important source of raising long
term capital by a company. Equity shares represent the
ownership of a company and thus the capital raised by
issue of such shares is known as ownership capital or
owner’s funds.
Features of ESC:
Residual Claim on Income
Residual Claim on Assets
Right to Control
Pre-Emptive Right
Limited Liability
8. Preference Share Capital
Preference share capital carry preferential rights over
equity in terms of dividend and return of capital. This
capital carry fixed rate of dividend.
Features of PSC
Claim on Income
Claim on Assets
Fixed Dividend
No Controlling Power
Cumulative/Redemption/Convertible/Participatory
9. Debenture
Debenture is a certificate issued by a company under its
seal acknowledging a debt due by its to its holder. Funds
acquired by issue of debenture represent loan taken by
company is known as debt capital.ome
Features of Debenture:
Claim on Income
Claim on Assets
Fixed rate of interest
No controlling Power
Cheap source of Finance
Maturity
10. Retained Earnings
It is also called internal Financing. Retained earning is
made by transferring part of profit to various reserves
i.e. General Reserve, Reserve Fund, Replacement Fund
Feartures of R.E.
Cheap Source
Make Company Self Independent
Increase the Creditworthiness
Help to pay long term Liabilities
Help to make Balanced Dividend Policy
11. Loan from Financial Institutions
Govt. has established many financial institiutions
which provide long term and medium term loan to
industrial Undertakings i.e.
IDBI
ICICI
IFCI
IRCI
LIC
GIC
SFCs
12. Short term Finance
Short term financing means financing for a period of less than 1
year. The need for short-term finance arises to finance the
current assets of a business like an inventory of raw material and
finished goods, debtors, minimum cash and bank balance etc.
Short-term financing is also named as working capital financing.
Short term finances are available in the form of:
Trade Credit
Cash Credit
Short Term Loans like working capital loan from Commercial
Banks
Fixed Deposits for a period of 1 year or less
Advances received from customers
Creditors
Bill Discounting
13. Trade Credit
Just as a firm grants credit to its customers it can also
get credit from the manufacturers or wholesalers or
suppliers. It is known as trade or mercantile credit.
According to Howard and Upton, trade credit may be
defined as- “the credit extended by the seller to the
buyers at all levels of production and distribution
processes down to the retailer”.
The usual duration of this credit ranges from 30 to 90
days. It is granted to the company or firm on “Open
account” without any security except that of the
goodwill and financial standing of the buyer.
14. Cash Credit
Cash credit can be defined as an arrangement made by
the bank for the clients to withdraw cash exceeding
their account limit. The cash credit facility is generally
sanctioned for one year, but it may extend up to three
years in some cases. In case of special request by the
client, the time limit can be further extended by the
bank. The extension of the allotted time depends on
the consent of the bank and past performance of the
client. The rate of interest charged by the bank on cash
credit depends on the time duration for which the cash
has been withdrawn and the amount of cash.
15. Short term Bank Loan
Short-term bank financing plays a key role in the
growth of a firm. Frequently during the course of a
year there is a period in which cash inflows are not
sufficient to meet cash outflow demands. Short-term
bank financing is one important vehicle by which a
firm can be carried through such periods.
This form of financing appears as a note payable on
the balance sheet at a specific rate of interest. It is
second only to trade credit in importance.
16. Customer Advance
Many times the manufacturers or the suppliers insist on, advance
by the customers particularly in case of special orders or big
orders. The customer advance forms part of the price of the
products ordered by him.
Some times, the customer also tenders the full price. This is an
interest free source of finance. The period of such credit depends
upon the time taken to delivery of goods. The availability of this
credit also depends on the following factors:
1. Competitive conditions in the market — If acute competition
prevails, the supplier cannot insist the buyer to pay an advance.
2. Customs of the trade and usage.
3. Reputation of the supplier.
17. Bill Discounting/ Factoring
Bill Discounting/Factoring comprises complementary
financial services, which is provided to the borrowers.
The borrower has freedom to select the set of services
provided by the factoring enterprise. Factoring is a
transaction whereby a business sells its statement of
receivable to a factor at a discount rate, to raise fund
for financing short-term projects.
The factoring services were introduced in India by the
State Bank of India Factoring and Commercial
Services Ltd. (SBIFACS) on 11th April 1991 for financing
short-term projects.