Solar Energy

1. Assignment
On
Solar Energy
Course Title: Environment & Textile
Course Code: TE-416
Submitted to
Ms. Mostakima Mafruha Lubna
Lecturer, Department of TE
Daffodil International University
Submitted by
Md. Sohel Rana
ID: 111-23-2427 , Section:-E
Department of TE
Daffodil International University
Date of submission: 12 /08/2014

2. Introduction: The sun is a star. It is the largest object in our solar system and one of the
larger stars in our galaxy. The source of energy in the Sun is at its core where hydrogen is
converted to helium in a thermonuclear reaction. This energy travels from the core to the
surface of the Sun and is released into space primarily as light. The energy that comes to the
Earth is in 2 main forms, heat and light.
Every hour, enough sunlight energy reaches the Earth to meet the world’s energy demand for
a whole year.
The amount of energy from the Sun that reaches the Earth annually is 4 x 1018 Joules.***
4 x 1018 Joules/ Year ÷ 365 Days/ Year = 1 x 1016 Joules/ Day
1 x 1016 Joules/ Day ÷ 24 Hours/ Day = 4 x 1014 Joules/ Hour
The amount of energy consumed annually by the world's population is about 3 x 1014 Joules.
Solar Energy
• Definition: radiant light and heat from the sun that is used and transformed into different
types of energy.
• Most abundant resource of renewable energy on the planet
• Production of solar energy uses heat engines and photovoltaic
• The most common way of collecting solar energy is by use of solar panels
• Energy storage methods:
– paraffin wax
– glaubers salt
• Salts are good
– low cost
– high specific heat levels and
– can deliver the right temperature heat to conventional heating systems
Solar energy is often called "alternative energy" to fossil fuel energy sources such as oil
Gus and coal.

3. Advantages of Solar Energy
Long lasting
Can be used anywhere
Silent and non polluting
Solar cells can be added when there is demand for more energy
Sunlight that reaches the earth everyday is 200,000 times the total electrical energy
generated everyday
Solar power production is growing rapidly
It is a secure type of energy
Disadvantages of Solar Energy
High initial cost
Takes a lot of solar panels to be efficient initially
Can only generate during the day
Cost about twice of what fossil fuels do
Applications of Solar Energy
• Houses:
– solar lighting, heating and ventilation systems
– pumps fans and windows
• Use natural solar lighting when building
• Hybrid solar lighting: Faces mirrors track the sun throughout the day and use optical
fibers to distribute it
• Water heating: China and Cyprus have the most amount of solar thermal water heaters
• Farming: Greenhouses turn solar energy to hear
• Photovoltaic cells: Collect photons and release electrons as energy
• Made of silicon: As small as a calculator and as large as pods in desert
• Parabolic discs

4. Solar Energy in Daily Life
Water heating system (Schematic diagram given below)
Basic Theory: Collect the solar radiation, transfer it to heat energy and apply in
our daily life.
As the solar panel collect the heat from the solar and transfer it to the water
inside the pipe, the water is heated and outflow from the other pipe.
Then, we may use the hot water in the showers, warming machine.
Solar Energy for Industrial Applications
Basic Theory of Solar power plant
(1). Sunlight → Heat → Electricity: transfer the heat from the solar thermal collector to
working medium steam, then the steam gas turbine engine drive the electric generator to
generate electricity.
(2) Sunlight → Electricity: Due to the photovoltaic effect, we may trans the light to electric
energy directly.
The Electricity may be used for microwave, TV, radio, telemetry, radio telephones and
industrial production.

5. Prospective of Solar Energy in Bangladesh
Solar Home System
Rural Market & School Electrification
Health clinic/Hospital Electrification
Cyclone Shelter Electrification
Micro enterprise <grocery shops,tailoring shops,clinic,restaurants,sawmills,rice
mills,cellular phone services,barber shops> Electrification
ICT Training Centre Electrification
Water Pumping
Signaling
Remote Telecommunication
Remote Rainfall Measuring Station etc.
Conclusion: Finally we can say that solar energy is very useful, particularly in a time when
we are concerned about greenhouse gas emissions from other energy sources. Electric cars
that are powered by solar energy are available now, but it is unlikely that solar energy will
provide the worlds transportation costs in the near feature. Before we can rely on solar energy
we will need to supply enough solar panels to meet demands. Although we cannot consume
over 30% of the energy scientists are trying to make a more efficient way of absorbing the suns
rays. One day solar energy will make the world a much cleaner place.