Swine-Origin influenza virus

1. Team members
Shabana
Priyadarsini.suresh
Dr.R. Saraswati Jayanthi
Himanshu

2. Content:
 Introduction
 Hazard Identification
 Dose Response
 Exposure Assessment
 Risk Characterization
 Conclusion
 References

4. Introduction:
 Acute respiratory illness due to influenza viruses
are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in
early childhood
 The first case of swine flu was reported in April
2009 ever since that day the virus has spread
rapidly

5. Hazard Identification:
 The influenza virion is roughly spherical.
 It is an enveloped virus.
 Inserted into the envelope are two proteins HA &
NA, that determine the subtype of influenza virus for
example A/H1N1
 There are many subtypes of influenza A known as
H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3

6.  The recent pandemic H1N1 virus which
emerged in 2009 in Mexico and spread
worldwide is a reassortment of 3 or 4 virus
strains i.e American swine, Eurasian
swine, North American avian and human
influenza virus strains

7.  The incubation period for swine influenza infection
appears to range from 2 to 7 days
 Most patients with swine influenza infection might
shed virus from 1 day before the onset of
symptoms through 5 to 7 days after the onset of
symptoms or until symptoms resolve
 In young children and in immunocompromised or
severely ill patients, the infectious period might be
longer

8. The most common symptoms are:
Fever cough Sore throat Running
nose
Body acheHead achefatigue

9.  Patients susceptible to severe disease are
- children's(below 5 years)
- Elderly persons (above 60)
- Pregnant women
-Those with systemic illnesses ,immune suppressed

10. YEAR CASES DEATHS
2009 27236 981
2010 20604 1763
2011 603 75
2012 5044 405
2013 5253 405
2014 937 218
2015 31974 1895

12. Dose Response
The existing dose response model shown below in the table was used
in this study.
Experi
ment
serial
number
Host
type
Agent
strain
Route
# of
doses
Dose
units
Respon
se
Best fit
model
Optimi
zed
parame
ter(s)
LD50/I
D50
257,
258*
Human
H1N1,A
/Califor
nia/10/7
8
attenuat
ed
strain,
intranas
al
9 TCID50
infectio
n
beta-
Poisson
α =
5.81E-
01 ,
N50=9.4
5E+05
9.45E+
05

13. Exposure Assessment
This risk assessment can be broken down into two basic parts:
 The risk analysis due to the intranasal exposure of higher
concentration of influenza virus
 The risk analysis due to intranasal exposure of lower range
concentration

14. RISK CHARACTERISATION
Age P(DAILY risk of infection)
P (risk of
illness)
P (Risk of
mortality)
3 to <6 1.06E-06 0.0000
1.05103E-
07
6 to<11 1.33E-01 0.0596 0.0131
16 to <21 2.12E-02 0.0095 0.00209
41 to <55 1.72E-01 0.0773 0.017008
61 to <71 1.49E-01 0.0668 0.014703
Risk due to the lower
dose range

15. RISK CHARACTERISATION
Risk due to the higher dose range
Age P(response)
P(DAILY risk of
infection)
P (risk of
illness)
P (Risk of
mortality)
3 to <6 6.46E-01 1.35E-04 0.0001 1.33315E-05
6 to<11 7.12E-01 1.61E-04 0.0001 1.5945E-05
16 to <21 8.16E-01 2.19E-04 0.0001 2.17295E-05
41 to <55 8.21E-01 2.23E-04 0.0001 2.20383E-05
61 to <71 7.61E-01 1.85E-04 0.0001 1.83326E-05

16. Risk Management:
 Keeping distance from infected patients
 Visit a doctor as soon as you see the
symptoms
Washing
hand
Wearing
mask
Use hand
sanitizers

17. CONCLUSION:
 It is important to consider that the risk of acquiring influenza is
determined by both the concentration of the influenza A virus infectious
particles in the air and the immune status of the exposed individuals.
 It is important to consider that the air exhaled by the healthy person
also contains influenza virus particles.

18. THANK YOU