The document discusses software quality assurance. It defines quality as characteristics like correctness, maintainability, and usability. Quality assurance involves establishing procedures and standards for quality. Key concepts are quality planning, quality control, and cost of quality. Formal technical reviews are an effective way to improve quality by finding defects before release. The document also discusses software quality attributes, process-based quality, metrics like cohesion and coupling that impact modularity and reusability, and factors that influence understandability.
The document discusses requirements analysis, which is the first step of any software project. It defines what requirements are, including user needs, conditions, and documented representations. There are different levels of requirements from business requirements to user requirements to functional requirements. The key aspects of requirements analysis are elicitation, which discovers requirements through interviews and documentation analysis, and requirements development, management, and specification. User stories, use cases, and scenarios are common ways to represent user requirements. Stakeholders are also identified, who are impacted by or can influence the project. Overall, requirements analysis is critical for defining what needs a system must meet for a project to succeed.
The systematic use of proven principles, techniques ,languages and tools for the cost-effective analysis ,documentation and on-going evolution of user needs and the external behavior of a system to satisfy those user needs.
Requirement Elicitation
Facilitated Application Specification Technique(FAST)
Quality Function Deployment
USE-CASES
1. Requirements analysis identifies customer needs, evaluates feasibility, and establishes system definitions and specifications. It bridges the gap between requirements engineering and system design.
2. Requirements analysis has several phases including problem recognition, evaluation and synthesis of possible solutions, help modeling, and writing definitions and specifications. It also considers management questions around effort, roles, challenges, and costs.
3. Requirements analysis determines functional requirements describing system behavior and inputs/outputs, as well as non-functional requirements around performance, interfaces, and user factors. It also validates that requirements are correct, consistent, complete, and testable.
Software project management requirements analysisAntony Alex
The document discusses requirements analysis for software engineering. It provides 3 key points:
1. Requirements analysis bridges the gap between system requirements engineering and software design by providing a model of the system's information, functions, and behavior to guide design.
2. The purpose is to obtain a thorough understanding of business needs and break them down into clearly defined and agreed upon requirements. This establishes the framework to guide future design and development.
3. The primary goal is to create a detailed functional specification defining all system capabilities and accompanying data and process models, illustrating information managed and processes supported by the new system.
This document discusses building a requirements model and its elements. It explains that a requirements model provides a description of required information, functions, and behaviors for a computer system, and will change as stakeholders' understanding evolves. The model contains scenario-based elements like use cases and user stories, class-based elements like class diagrams that define objects and relationships, behavioral elements like state diagrams that represent system states and events, and flow-oriented elements like data flow diagrams that show how data is transformed through the system.
The document discusses component-based software engineering and defines a software component. A component is a modular building block defined by interfaces that can be independently deployed. Components are standardized, independent, composable, deployable, and documented. They communicate through interfaces and are designed to achieve reusability. The document outlines characteristics of components and discusses different views of components, including object-oriented, conventional, and process-related views. It also covers topics like component-level design principles, packaging, cohesion, and coupling.
The document discusses software quality assurance. It defines quality as characteristics like correctness, maintainability, and usability. Quality assurance involves establishing procedures and standards for quality. Key concepts are quality planning, quality control, and cost of quality. Formal technical reviews are an effective way to improve quality by finding defects before release. The document also discusses software quality attributes, process-based quality, metrics like cohesion and coupling that impact modularity and reusability, and factors that influence understandability.
The document discusses requirements analysis, which is the first step of any software project. It defines what requirements are, including user needs, conditions, and documented representations. There are different levels of requirements from business requirements to user requirements to functional requirements. The key aspects of requirements analysis are elicitation, which discovers requirements through interviews and documentation analysis, and requirements development, management, and specification. User stories, use cases, and scenarios are common ways to represent user requirements. Stakeholders are also identified, who are impacted by or can influence the project. Overall, requirements analysis is critical for defining what needs a system must meet for a project to succeed.
The systematic use of proven principles, techniques ,languages and tools for the cost-effective analysis ,documentation and on-going evolution of user needs and the external behavior of a system to satisfy those user needs.
Requirement Elicitation
Facilitated Application Specification Technique(FAST)
Quality Function Deployment
USE-CASES
1. Requirements analysis identifies customer needs, evaluates feasibility, and establishes system definitions and specifications. It bridges the gap between requirements engineering and system design.
2. Requirements analysis has several phases including problem recognition, evaluation and synthesis of possible solutions, help modeling, and writing definitions and specifications. It also considers management questions around effort, roles, challenges, and costs.
3. Requirements analysis determines functional requirements describing system behavior and inputs/outputs, as well as non-functional requirements around performance, interfaces, and user factors. It also validates that requirements are correct, consistent, complete, and testable.
Software project management requirements analysisAntony Alex
The document discusses requirements analysis for software engineering. It provides 3 key points:
1. Requirements analysis bridges the gap between system requirements engineering and software design by providing a model of the system's information, functions, and behavior to guide design.
2. The purpose is to obtain a thorough understanding of business needs and break them down into clearly defined and agreed upon requirements. This establishes the framework to guide future design and development.
3. The primary goal is to create a detailed functional specification defining all system capabilities and accompanying data and process models, illustrating information managed and processes supported by the new system.
This document discusses building a requirements model and its elements. It explains that a requirements model provides a description of required information, functions, and behaviors for a computer system, and will change as stakeholders' understanding evolves. The model contains scenario-based elements like use cases and user stories, class-based elements like class diagrams that define objects and relationships, behavioral elements like state diagrams that represent system states and events, and flow-oriented elements like data flow diagrams that show how data is transformed through the system.
The document discusses component-based software engineering and defines a software component. A component is a modular building block defined by interfaces that can be independently deployed. Components are standardized, independent, composable, deployable, and documented. They communicate through interfaces and are designed to achieve reusability. The document outlines characteristics of components and discusses different views of components, including object-oriented, conventional, and process-related views. It also covers topics like component-level design principles, packaging, cohesion, and coupling.
what is Software Generic Design Process.
Software Generic Design Process
what is software generic model
what is software process model
what is sdlc model
how to use design process model in software
Requirement analysis involves understanding the application domain, required services, performance, and hardware limitations. There are functional requirements, specifying how the system should function, and non-functional requirements, which constrain the system's operation. Non-functional requirements include product requirements like performance, reliability, and security, as well as organizational and external requirements. Requirement analysis involves domain understanding, requirement collection, classification, conflict resolution, prioritization, and validation.
This document discusses the requirement analysis and software development methodology selection for developing a ticketing system called the Snow City System. It analyzes the requirements of the system, which include scanning tickets, calculating charges based on time spent, notifying customers of charges, and generating reports. It evaluates various software development methodologies and determines that the fourth generation techniques methodology is most appropriate due to its features around non-procedural languages, report generation, data manipulation, and screen interaction that map well to the system requirements. The document also discusses various dependability measurement attributes that are relevant for the system, including reliability, efficiency, integrity, maintainability, and availability.
The document provides an overview of architectural design in software engineering. It defines software architecture as the structure of components, relationships between them, and properties. The key steps in architectural design are creating data design, representing structure, analyzing styles, and elaborating chosen style. It emphasizes software components and their focus. Examples of architectural styles discussed include data flow, call-and-return, data-centered, and virtual machine.
Requirements analysis, also called requirements engineering, is the process of determining user expectations for a new or modified product. These features, called requirements, must be quantifiable, relevant and detailed. In software engineering, such requirements are often called functional specifications. Requirements analysis is an important aspect of project management.
The document describes key requirements engineering processes including feasibility studies, requirements elicitation and analysis, requirements validation, and requirements management. It discusses techniques for gathering requirements such as interviews, scenarios, use cases, and ethnography. It also covers validating requirements through reviews and prototyping to ensure the defined requirements meet customer needs.
The document discusses different types of system models used in requirements engineering, including context models, behavioral models, data models, and object models. It provides examples of each type of model, such as a data flow diagram of an order processing system and a state diagram for a microwave oven. The objectives are to explain why system context should be modeled, describe different modeling notations and perspectives, and discuss how computer-aided software engineering tools can support system modeling.
presentation contains the most important part of the software development engineering which is Requirement Analysis and Specification.
Take a look may be it is helpfull for you.
Thank you
The document discusses the importance of software requirements specification (SRS) in software project management. An SRS describes what a software system should do without describing how it will be implemented. It establishes agreement between clients and developers on system functionality and provides a reference for validation. Key components of an SRS include functional requirements, performance requirements, design constraints, and external interface requirements.
This document discusses software metrics for processes, projects, and products. It defines metrics as quantitative measures used as management tools to provide insight. Metrics in the process domain are used for strategic decisions, while project metrics enable tactical decisions. Size-oriented metrics normalize measures by lines of code or function points. Function-oriented metrics use functionality as a normalization value. Quality metrics measure correctness and maintainability. Establishing a metrics baseline from past projects allows for process, product, and project improvements.
The document discusses key concepts in software engineering including:
1. The differences between programs and software products. Software products are larger, have multiple users, and follow a more systematic development process.
2. Software is defined as the instructions, data structures, and documentation that make up a computer system. It is developed rather than manufactured.
3. Software engineering aims to apply systematic and quantifiable approaches to software development, operation, and maintenance to produce reliable software economically.
The document defines an SRS as the official statement of what system developers should implement, providing a complete description of the system behavior. An SRS precisely defines the software product and is used to understand requirements to design the software. It includes the purpose, product scope, features, interfaces, and other functional and non-functional requirements. The SRS benefits include establishing agreement between customers and suppliers, reducing development effort, and providing a baseline for validation.
This document provides an overview of software processes and the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). It defines what a software process is, characteristics of processes, and that different project types require different processes. It then describes the key elements of the CMMI, including its five maturity levels from Initial to Optimizing. Each level is defined in one sentence or less. It also briefly outlines some of the key process areas assessed at levels 2 through 5.
This document discusses visualizing non-functional requirements (NFRs) such as usability, security, and performance in system analysis. It proposes using visual variables like color to represent goals related to NFRs and how they may cascade and impact each other. The document evaluates representing four sample NFRs - certainty, feasibility, trustability, and performance - and explores two approaches of operationalizing or orthogonalizing NFRs in visualizations. Future work discussed includes developing an algebra for abstracting NFR relationships and more empirical usability testing of conceptual model visualizations.
Requirement analysis and specification, software engineeringRupesh Vaishnav
The document discusses the key tasks in requirements engineering including inception, elicitation, elaboration, negotiation, specification, validation and management. It describes each task such as inception involves establishing a basic understanding of the problem and potential solutions through questioning stakeholders. Elicitation involves drawing requirements from stakeholders through techniques like meetings. Specification can take the form of documents, models, scenarios or prototypes. The requirements specification is an important output and should have certain characteristics like being unambiguous and traceable.
Requirement engineering is the process of understanding a client's needs, documenting software requirements, and ensuring the final product meets the client's expectations. It involves eliciting requirements from stakeholders, analyzing and specifying the requirements, and managing changes. The key outputs are a software requirements specification document that formally defines functional and non-functional requirements, and a common understanding between developers and clients.
The document discusses process support for requirement elaboration, which is a method that uses any software process to elaborate requirements models and address uncertainties, inconsistencies, and errors. It specifically examines the KAOS approach, which models requirements at the meta, domain, and instance levels and emphasizes accomplishing goals through refining requirements using abstract refinement patterns and tactics. Process support for requirement elaboration helps build stable systems that minimize errors by resolving requirement issues early.
The document discusses software architecture design. It defines software architecture as the structure of components, relationships between components, and properties of components. An architectural design model can be applied to other systems and represents predictable ways to describe architecture. The architecture represents a system and enables analysis of effectiveness in meeting requirements and reducing risks. Key aspects of architectural design include communication between stakeholders, controlling complexity, consistency, reducing risks, and enabling reuse. Common architectural styles discussed include data-centered, data flow, call-and-return, object-oriented, and layered architectures.
This document discusses several software process models including the linear sequential model, incremental model, RAD model, evolutionary process model, prototyping model, spiral model, and concurrent development model. The linear sequential model or waterfall model involves requirement gathering, design, coding, testing, and maintenance phases. The incremental model combines elements of the waterfall model to produce increments of the software. The RAD model aims to develop a fully functional system within 60-90 days through short development cycles. Evolutionary process models allow for changes at any time, including prototyping, spiral, and concurrent development models. The spiral model uses iterative risk analysis and the concurrent model represents development activities and their associated states.
Modeling requirements involves developing functional requirements from customer views into something translatable to software. Techniques like use cases, state diagrams, UI mockups, storyboards and prototypes are used to understand current systems, business processes, and how users will interact with new systems. The software requirements document specifies what is required of the system and should focus on what the system should do rather than how. Requirements modeling is iterative and requirements change in agile methods.
This document discusses client-server architecture. It defines clients as workstations that rely on servers for resources like files, devices, and processing power. Servers are dedicated computers that manage disk drives, printers, or network traffic. In a client-server model, applications are split into client and server components, with clients accessing services provided by servers. There are two main types: 2-tier, with clients and a single server, and 3-tier, with separate servers for the interface, logic, and data layers, allowing for better scalability. Thin clients rely fully on servers, while fat clients run some application logic locally.
The document discusses the evolution of client computing from mainframe computers to personal computers and client-server models. It describes the key aspects of mainframe-based computing including its inflexibility and high costs. The rise of personal computers and file sharing networks is outlined. Client-server computing is introduced as having multiple tiers including clients, servers, and middleware to connect them. Common architectures like two-tier, three-tier, and n-tier models are summarized. The benefits of distributed computing models as well as future directions are highlighted.
what is Software Generic Design Process.
Software Generic Design Process
what is software generic model
what is software process model
what is sdlc model
how to use design process model in software
Requirement analysis involves understanding the application domain, required services, performance, and hardware limitations. There are functional requirements, specifying how the system should function, and non-functional requirements, which constrain the system's operation. Non-functional requirements include product requirements like performance, reliability, and security, as well as organizational and external requirements. Requirement analysis involves domain understanding, requirement collection, classification, conflict resolution, prioritization, and validation.
This document discusses the requirement analysis and software development methodology selection for developing a ticketing system called the Snow City System. It analyzes the requirements of the system, which include scanning tickets, calculating charges based on time spent, notifying customers of charges, and generating reports. It evaluates various software development methodologies and determines that the fourth generation techniques methodology is most appropriate due to its features around non-procedural languages, report generation, data manipulation, and screen interaction that map well to the system requirements. The document also discusses various dependability measurement attributes that are relevant for the system, including reliability, efficiency, integrity, maintainability, and availability.
The document provides an overview of architectural design in software engineering. It defines software architecture as the structure of components, relationships between them, and properties. The key steps in architectural design are creating data design, representing structure, analyzing styles, and elaborating chosen style. It emphasizes software components and their focus. Examples of architectural styles discussed include data flow, call-and-return, data-centered, and virtual machine.
Requirements analysis, also called requirements engineering, is the process of determining user expectations for a new or modified product. These features, called requirements, must be quantifiable, relevant and detailed. In software engineering, such requirements are often called functional specifications. Requirements analysis is an important aspect of project management.
The document describes key requirements engineering processes including feasibility studies, requirements elicitation and analysis, requirements validation, and requirements management. It discusses techniques for gathering requirements such as interviews, scenarios, use cases, and ethnography. It also covers validating requirements through reviews and prototyping to ensure the defined requirements meet customer needs.
The document discusses different types of system models used in requirements engineering, including context models, behavioral models, data models, and object models. It provides examples of each type of model, such as a data flow diagram of an order processing system and a state diagram for a microwave oven. The objectives are to explain why system context should be modeled, describe different modeling notations and perspectives, and discuss how computer-aided software engineering tools can support system modeling.
presentation contains the most important part of the software development engineering which is Requirement Analysis and Specification.
Take a look may be it is helpfull for you.
Thank you
The document discusses the importance of software requirements specification (SRS) in software project management. An SRS describes what a software system should do without describing how it will be implemented. It establishes agreement between clients and developers on system functionality and provides a reference for validation. Key components of an SRS include functional requirements, performance requirements, design constraints, and external interface requirements.
This document discusses software metrics for processes, projects, and products. It defines metrics as quantitative measures used as management tools to provide insight. Metrics in the process domain are used for strategic decisions, while project metrics enable tactical decisions. Size-oriented metrics normalize measures by lines of code or function points. Function-oriented metrics use functionality as a normalization value. Quality metrics measure correctness and maintainability. Establishing a metrics baseline from past projects allows for process, product, and project improvements.
The document discusses key concepts in software engineering including:
1. The differences between programs and software products. Software products are larger, have multiple users, and follow a more systematic development process.
2. Software is defined as the instructions, data structures, and documentation that make up a computer system. It is developed rather than manufactured.
3. Software engineering aims to apply systematic and quantifiable approaches to software development, operation, and maintenance to produce reliable software economically.
The document defines an SRS as the official statement of what system developers should implement, providing a complete description of the system behavior. An SRS precisely defines the software product and is used to understand requirements to design the software. It includes the purpose, product scope, features, interfaces, and other functional and non-functional requirements. The SRS benefits include establishing agreement between customers and suppliers, reducing development effort, and providing a baseline for validation.
This document provides an overview of software processes and the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). It defines what a software process is, characteristics of processes, and that different project types require different processes. It then describes the key elements of the CMMI, including its five maturity levels from Initial to Optimizing. Each level is defined in one sentence or less. It also briefly outlines some of the key process areas assessed at levels 2 through 5.
This document discusses visualizing non-functional requirements (NFRs) such as usability, security, and performance in system analysis. It proposes using visual variables like color to represent goals related to NFRs and how they may cascade and impact each other. The document evaluates representing four sample NFRs - certainty, feasibility, trustability, and performance - and explores two approaches of operationalizing or orthogonalizing NFRs in visualizations. Future work discussed includes developing an algebra for abstracting NFR relationships and more empirical usability testing of conceptual model visualizations.
Requirement analysis and specification, software engineeringRupesh Vaishnav
The document discusses the key tasks in requirements engineering including inception, elicitation, elaboration, negotiation, specification, validation and management. It describes each task such as inception involves establishing a basic understanding of the problem and potential solutions through questioning stakeholders. Elicitation involves drawing requirements from stakeholders through techniques like meetings. Specification can take the form of documents, models, scenarios or prototypes. The requirements specification is an important output and should have certain characteristics like being unambiguous and traceable.
Requirement engineering is the process of understanding a client's needs, documenting software requirements, and ensuring the final product meets the client's expectations. It involves eliciting requirements from stakeholders, analyzing and specifying the requirements, and managing changes. The key outputs are a software requirements specification document that formally defines functional and non-functional requirements, and a common understanding between developers and clients.
The document discusses process support for requirement elaboration, which is a method that uses any software process to elaborate requirements models and address uncertainties, inconsistencies, and errors. It specifically examines the KAOS approach, which models requirements at the meta, domain, and instance levels and emphasizes accomplishing goals through refining requirements using abstract refinement patterns and tactics. Process support for requirement elaboration helps build stable systems that minimize errors by resolving requirement issues early.
The document discusses software architecture design. It defines software architecture as the structure of components, relationships between components, and properties of components. An architectural design model can be applied to other systems and represents predictable ways to describe architecture. The architecture represents a system and enables analysis of effectiveness in meeting requirements and reducing risks. Key aspects of architectural design include communication between stakeholders, controlling complexity, consistency, reducing risks, and enabling reuse. Common architectural styles discussed include data-centered, data flow, call-and-return, object-oriented, and layered architectures.
This document discusses several software process models including the linear sequential model, incremental model, RAD model, evolutionary process model, prototyping model, spiral model, and concurrent development model. The linear sequential model or waterfall model involves requirement gathering, design, coding, testing, and maintenance phases. The incremental model combines elements of the waterfall model to produce increments of the software. The RAD model aims to develop a fully functional system within 60-90 days through short development cycles. Evolutionary process models allow for changes at any time, including prototyping, spiral, and concurrent development models. The spiral model uses iterative risk analysis and the concurrent model represents development activities and their associated states.
Modeling requirements involves developing functional requirements from customer views into something translatable to software. Techniques like use cases, state diagrams, UI mockups, storyboards and prototypes are used to understand current systems, business processes, and how users will interact with new systems. The software requirements document specifies what is required of the system and should focus on what the system should do rather than how. Requirements modeling is iterative and requirements change in agile methods.
This document discusses client-server architecture. It defines clients as workstations that rely on servers for resources like files, devices, and processing power. Servers are dedicated computers that manage disk drives, printers, or network traffic. In a client-server model, applications are split into client and server components, with clients accessing services provided by servers. There are two main types: 2-tier, with clients and a single server, and 3-tier, with separate servers for the interface, logic, and data layers, allowing for better scalability. Thin clients rely fully on servers, while fat clients run some application logic locally.
The document discusses the evolution of client computing from mainframe computers to personal computers and client-server models. It describes the key aspects of mainframe-based computing including its inflexibility and high costs. The rise of personal computers and file sharing networks is outlined. Client-server computing is introduced as having multiple tiers including clients, servers, and middleware to connect them. Common architectures like two-tier, three-tier, and n-tier models are summarized. The benefits of distributed computing models as well as future directions are highlighted.
The document discusses the evolution of client-server architectures from centralized systems to modern multi-tier architectures. Early centralized systems had all components on a single mainframe computer, while file server architectures moved application logic to clients but kept data on a central file server. Client-server systems partitioned applications into separate client and server components communicating over a network. Modern architectures further separate concerns into multiple logical tiers or services for improved performance, manageability, and reuse across applications.
This document discusses client-server software engineering. It defines client-server architecture as one where the server provides services and the client demands them. There are two main types: two-tier architecture with thin and fat client models, and three-tier architecture. The thin client model puts most functionality on the server, while the fat client model puts more on the client. The three-tier architecture separates presentation, application processing, and data management layers across different machines. An example given is internet banking, with presentation on the client browser, application processing in the middle, and database on the server.
The document discusses software architecture and architectural design processes. It describes several architectural models including static structural models, dynamic process models, and interface models. It then discusses client/server architectures, distributed systems, middleware, and three-tier architectures. Key aspects of client/server systems like thin clients, fat clients, and guidelines for distributing application subsystems are covered.
This document discusses client-server architecture. It describes the two main types: two-tier with thin or fat clients, and three-tier. In two-tier, processing is either all on the server (thin client) or split between client and server (fat client). Three-tier distributes the presentation, application, and data layers across separate servers for better scalability and performance than two-tier approaches.
This document provides an overview of client-server computing. It defines client-server computing as a distributed computing model where client applications request services from server processes that run on different interconnected computers. The document discusses key aspects of client-server systems including the roles of clients and servers, examples, design considerations like thin vs fat clients and stateful vs stateless servers, and how distributed object computing is an extension of the client-server model.
This document discusses different architectural approaches for client-server systems, including 2-tier, 3-tier, and N-tier architectures. A 2-tier architecture consists of clients and a single application server, while 3-tier and N-tier architectures separate functionality into distinct presentation, application processing, and data tiers for improved scalability and flexibility.
This document provides an overview of middleware and client-server computing models for mobile applications. It discusses different client-server models including client-server, client-agent-server, and client-intercept-server. It also describes key components of web services including XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. The document uses examples to explain how WSDL defines web services operations and messages.
Introduction and Basics to web technology .pptxLEENASAHU42
Introduction: Web system architecture- 1,2,3 and n tier
architecture, URL, domain name system, overview of
HTTP , Web Site Design Issues and Introduction to role of
SEO (Search Engine Optimization) on web page
development.
Client-server technology involves splitting tasks and computing power between servers and clients. Servers store and process common data that can be accessed by clients. Clients make requests to servers, which then process the requests and return the desired results. This architecture is versatile, supports GUIs, and reduces costs through technologies like relational databases and distributed computing. The document then discusses the evolution of client-server computing and different types of client-server architectures like thin/fat, stateless/stateful, two-tier/three-tier/n-tier architectures. It also covers client and server devices and developing client-server applications.
This document discusses server architecture and different types of server architectures. It defines server architecture as how server layers like the server, network connectivity, and other connected components are arranged. The key points are:
- Server architecture depends on factors like the application type, targeted users, firmware/middleware, and third-party applications.
- Common architectures include client-server, layered, peer-to-peer, and pipes and filters. Client-server architecture involves clients that make requests and servers that satisfy requests.
- Web applications typically use 2-tier, 3-tier, or multitier (n-tier) client-server architectures with specialized tiers for tasks like the user interface, application processing, and
The client-server model defines which processes initiate interactions and provide services. In the model, client processes request services from server processes, which provide services and return results. Clients are applications that temporarily access remote services, while servers are dedicated to providing a single service and handle multiple clients simultaneously. The two-tier model places database logic on the server, while the three-tier model separates application and data servers.
The document discusses different system models for distributed systems. It describes two main types of models: architectural models and fundamental models. Architectural models consider the placement of components across a network and relationships between components. Variations of the client-server model are presented, including mobile code, mobile agents, network computers, and thin clients. Design requirements for distributed architectures including performance issues, quality of service, caching/replication, and dependability are also covered.
The document discusses client-server architecture and interactions. It defines client-server as a network architecture that separates clients, often applications with a GUI, from servers. Clients can send requests to servers. Common server types include application, file, terminal, and mail servers. The document also discusses properties of clients and servers, browser extensions like plugins and helper applications, client-server sessions, multitier architectures, and common server applications.
The document provides an overview of client/server architecture. It discusses the introduction and vision of client/server computing, characteristics of clients and servers, and merits and demerits compared to peer-to-peer networks. It also covers different types of servers like file servers and database servers. Key aspects of client/server architecture include separating functions between clients and servers, centralized data storage and management on servers, and communication through message passing.
The document provides an overview of microservices architecture and how to build microservices on Azure. It begins with defining microservices and comparing them to monolithic applications. Key characteristics of microservices like independent deployability and small, focused teams are discussed. The document covers design considerations like service boundaries, data management, communication between services, API design, and logging/monitoring. Hosting options on Azure like Service Fabric and serverless Functions are presented. It concludes with noting references for further reading on microservices patterns and practices.
The document discusses various techniques for estimating costs and timelines for software projects, including:
- Cost estimation should be done throughout the software development life cycle to continually refine estimates.
- Common metrics for estimating include person-days, person-months, and person-years.
- Methods like expert judgement, top-down estimating, bottom-up estimating, and parametric formulae can be used.
- PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) uses optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic estimates to calculate expected time.
- Gantt charts can be used for project scheduling and identifying critical paths.
- Budgeting rather than estimating is recommended for strategic decisions to reduce risks of cost overruns
This document discusses user interface and user experience design. It covers topics like human-computer interaction, task analysis and modeling, the evolution of different interface types over time including command lines, menus, and graphical user interfaces. It also discusses elements of user interfaces like buttons and lists, making interfaces user-friendly, providing helpful error messages, and testing interfaces through A/B testing to evaluate different design variations. The key goal of user experience design is to make the interaction positive and easy for users.
The document discusses various topics related to software testing including types of testing (manual vs automation), testing methods (black box, white box, grey box), testing levels (unit, integration, system), and common myths around testing. It provides definitions and examples of different testing techniques and clarifies misunderstandings around responsibilities and goals of testing. Videos are embedded to further explain key testing concepts like unit testing, integration testing, and differences between testing approaches.
The document provides an overview of software engineering concepts including what software engineering is, common development phases and paradigms, and various methodologies like waterfall modeling, prototyping, agile development, extreme programming, scrum, kanban, lean software development, and minimum viable products. Waterfall modeling is described as a traditional linear approach while prototyping allows for early user feedback. Agile methods value individual interactions, working software, and responding to change. Extreme programming and scrum are specific agile methods discussed in further detail.
Hand Rolled Applicative User ValidationCode KataPhilip Schwarz
Could you use a simple piece of Scala validation code (granted, a very simplistic one too!) that you can rewrite, now and again, to refresh your basic understanding of Applicative operators <*>, <*, *>?
The goal is not to write perfect code showcasing validation, but rather, to provide a small, rough-and ready exercise to reinforce your muscle-memory.
Despite its grandiose-sounding title, this deck consists of just three slides showing the Scala 3 code to be rewritten whenever the details of the operators begin to fade away.
The code is my rough and ready translation of a Haskell user-validation program found in a book called Finding Success (and Failure) in Haskell - Fall in love with applicative functors.
Introducing Crescat - Event Management Software for Venues, Festivals and Eve...Crescat
Crescat is industry-trusted event management software, built by event professionals for event professionals. Founded in 2017, we have three key products tailored for the live event industry.
Crescat Event for concert promoters and event agencies. Crescat Venue for music venues, conference centers, wedding venues, concert halls and more. And Crescat Festival for festivals, conferences and complex events.
With a wide range of popular features such as event scheduling, shift management, volunteer and crew coordination, artist booking and much more, Crescat is designed for customisation and ease-of-use.
Over 125,000 events have been planned in Crescat and with hundreds of customers of all shapes and sizes, from boutique event agencies through to international concert promoters, Crescat is rigged for success. What's more, we highly value feedback from our users and we are constantly improving our software with updates, new features and improvements.
If you plan events, run a venue or produce festivals and you're looking for ways to make your life easier, then we have a solution for you. Try our software for free or schedule a no-obligation demo with one of our product specialists today at crescat.io
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
DDS Security Version 1.2 was adopted in 2024. This revision strengthens support for long runnings systems adding new cryptographic algorithms, certificate revocation, and hardness against DoS attacks.
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In this talk, I will take you for a spin around the performance racetrack. We’ll explore common pitfalls - those hidden potholes on your application that can cause unexpected slowdowns. Learn how to spot these performance bumps early, and more importantly, how to navigate around them to keep your application running at top speed.
We will focus in particular on tuning your engine at the application level, making the right adjustments to ensure that your system responds like a well-oiled, high-performance race car.
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Looking for a reliable mobile app development company in Noida? Look no further than Drona Infotech. We specialize in creating customized apps for your business needs.
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Allez au-delà du battage médiatique autour de l’IA et découvrez des techniques pratiques pour utiliser l’IA de manière responsable à travers les données de votre organisation. Explorez comment utiliser les graphes de connaissances pour augmenter la précision, la transparence et la capacité d’explication dans les systèmes d’IA générative. Vous partirez avec une expérience pratique combinant les relations entre les données et les LLM pour apporter du contexte spécifique à votre domaine et améliorer votre raisonnement.
Amenez votre ordinateur portable et nous vous guiderons sur la mise en place de votre propre pile d’IA générative, en vous fournissant des exemples pratiques et codés pour démarrer en quelques minutes.
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Sudhir Hasbe, Chief Product Officer, Neo4j
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Flutter is a popular open source, cross-platform framework developed by Google. In this webinar we'll explore Flutter and its architecture, delve into the Flutter Embedder and Flutter’s Dart language, discover how to leverage Flutter for embedded device development, learn about Automotive Grade Linux (AGL) and its consortium and understand the rationale behind AGL's choice of Flutter for next-gen IVI systems. Don’t miss this opportunity to discover whether Flutter is right for your project.
2. Software Architecture
● Layered
● Client server
● Service Oriented Architectures
– Component based
– Event driven
– SaaS: Software as a service
– Microservices
3. Client Server Architecture
● The client–server model is a distributed
application structure that partitions tasks or
workloads between the providers of a
resource or service, called servers, and
service requesters, called clients.
● Often clients and servers communicate
over a computer network on separate
hardware, but both client and server may
reside in the same system.
4. Client Server Architecture
● A server host runs one or more server
programs which share their resources with
clients.
● A client does not share any of its
resources, but requests a server's content
or service function.
● Clients therefore initiate communication
sessions with servers which await incoming
requests.
5. Client Server Examples
● Examples of
computer
applications that
use the client–
server model are
Email, network
printing, and the
World Wide Web.
6. Client Server Architecture
● The application is modeled as a set of
services that are provided by servers and a
set of clients that use these services.
● Clients know of servers but servers needn't
know of clients.
● Clients and servers are logical processes.
7. Application Layers
● Presentation layer
– Concerned with presenting the results of a
computation or getting user input
● Application processing layer
– Responsible from providing application
specific functionality
– e.g. In a banking system; close account,
open account, etc.
● Data management layer
– Databases
9. Types
● 2-Tier
– The three application layers are mapped
onto two computer systems: The client
and the server.
– Thin client
– Fat client
● 3-Tier
– The three application layers are mapped
onto three logically seperate processes
that execute on different processors.
10. Thin and Fat Clients
● Thin-Client Model
– All of the application processing and data
management is carried out on the server.
– The client is simply responsible for running
the presentation software.
● Fat-Client Model
– The server is only responsible for data
management.
– The software on the client implements the
application logic and the interactions with
the system user.
12. Thin Client Model
● Used when legacy systems are migrated to
client server architectures.
● The legacy system continues to work as a
server and a graphical user interface is
implemented by a client.
● A major disadvantage: It places a heavy
processing load on both the server and the
network.
13. Fat Client Model
● More processing is delegated to the client
as the application processing is locally
executed.
● Most suitable for the new client server
systems where the capabilities of the client
system is known in advance.
● More complex than a thin client model
especially for management. New versions
of the application have to be installed on all
clients.
15. Three-Tier Architecture
● Each of the application layers may execute
on a seperate processor.
● Better performance than a thin client model.
● Simpler to manage than a fat client model.
● A more scalable architecture – as demands
increase, extra servers can be added.
19. Service Oriented Architectures
● You are responsible from this presentation:
https://www.slideshare.net/sharvan316/software-as-a-service-saas-2519210
●