Sodium valproate is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug effective for various seizure types and is also used as a mood stabilizer. The drug has multiple mechanisms of action, is well-absorbed orally, and is contraindicated in certain conditions like pregnancy and liver disorders. Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal issues, sedation, and potential for severe liver problems, necessitating careful monitoring and patient education.

1. PRESENTEDBY:
ShashankBhat
Bsc(N)
Bengaluru
SODIUM
VALPROATE

2. Sodium Valproate is a Broad spectrum
antiepileptic Drug affective to all types of
seizures.
Also called as antiseizure Drug
Its also used as a Mood Stebilizer
Trade Names :
Encorate Choron
Vaiparin
Epilex
Epival
INTRODUCTION

3. DOSE
ADULT: 10mg-60mg/kg/Day
CHILDREN: 15-30mg/kg/Day
Availability:
100mg,200mg,300mg,500 mg : tabs
200mg/5ml : syr
100mg/ml : inj

4. Classification of Antiepileptic Drugs
First-Generation
 Phenytoin
 Carbamazepine
 Valproate
Second-Generation
 Lamotrigine
 Levetiracetam

5. ACTION
Broad Spectrum Antiepileptic
Acts by multiple mechanisms :
Blockade of use dependent Na+ channel
Inhibition of Ca++
Enhanced Release of inhibitory transmitter GABA
Blockade of NMDA glutamate receptor

7. PHARMACOKINETICS
•Oral absorption is good it is 90% bonds to
plasma proteins
•Completely metabolized in liver by oxydation
•Excreated in urine
•The steady half life of valproate is about 8-17
hours but anticonvulsant effects are long
lasting

8. INDICATIONS
Drug of choice in:
Seizures
Myoclonic seizures
Clonic Epilepsy
Tonic Epilepsy
Complex partial seizure
GTCS
Atonic Seizures
Atypical Absence Seizures

9. Cont….
Lennox Gastaut Syndrome
Infantile Spasms
Partial Seizures
Rapid cycling bipolor disordor
Aggression
Borderline Personality Disorder
Schizoaffective Disorder
Paroxysmol pain syndrome
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Phantom Limb Pain
To a lesser degree, verbal aggression associated with dementia
organic brain disease or traumatic brain injury
 Tardive Dyskinesia

10. Pregnancy
Lactating mothers
Bleedingdisorders
Hepaticdisorders
Renal diseases
CONTRAINDICATIONS

11. CNS
 Hallucinations
 Drowsiness
 Confusion
 Headache
 Sedation
GI
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Indigestion
 Dry mouth
ADVERSE EFFECTS

12.  Anorexia
 Aabdominal cramps with diarrhoea
 Hepatic failure,Hepatitis,Jaundice
Hematolgical
Prolonged bleeding time
leukopenia
thrombocytopenia

13. bone marrow depression
 anemia
Other-Skin rashes
 Hair loss
Overdose
Deep coma
Pulmonary edema
Death
Rare
Irreversible hepatic necrosis(below 2 year childrans)
Neural Tube Defect /Spina Bifida (Pregnancy)

14. NURSES RESPONSIBALITY
Nursing Diagnosis:
 Risk for injury related to drug side effects
 Noncompliance related to medical regimen knowledge
deficit
 Knowledge deficit related to drug therapy
 Ineffective therapeutic regimen management
 Situational low self esteem related to social role change
 Risk for injury related to recurrent seizure by drug
withdrawal

15. Assessment :
Detailed History Collection about Liver problem
&Kidney Disorders
Periodical checking Liver Function Test ,BUN,
Creatinine, potassium & Serum ,CBC tests
Monitoring Vitals Mainly BP, Therapeutic
effectiveness is indicated by Decreased BP

16. Implication:
Do not mix Valproate Syrup with any carbonate Drink
Never Concurrent administer clorazipam & Valproate
Should not chew tablets
Monitor for any adverse reactions

17. oWomen who become pregnant should immediately
inform their physicians (prevention of neural tube defects)
oWeight gain is a common side effect especially in long
term treatment & can be treated by limited calorie intake.
oClear explanation about Side Effects
oEducation related to Medication
Time
Missed Dose
Discontinuation
oOver Dose Management
oMedical alert bracelet
oFollow up
PATIENT TEACHING

18. Anyquestion:

19. THANK YOU :)