The document discusses epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs. It defines epilepsy as a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. It describes the types of seizures as partial or generalized depending on the location and spread of abnormal neuronal discharge. The main causes of epilepsy include stroke, head trauma, brain tumors, and certain genetic disorders. Antiepileptic drugs work mainly by reducing electrical excitability of cell membranes or enhancing GABA-mediated synaptic inhibition. Several important antiepileptic drugs are discussed in detail including valproic acid, phenytoin, and carbamazepine.