This document provides an overview of a research proposal on the effectiveness of LGBT couple counseling in enhancing the well-being of gay people in the United States. It begins with an introduction discussing challenges still faced by the LGBT community despite legal protections. The research objectives and questions focus on how couple counseling can enhance self-confidence, strengthen relationships, and promote acceptance. A literature review covers definitions, challenges faced by the LGBT community, and benefits of couple counseling. The proposed study would use couple counseling as the independent variable and measures of well-being as the dependent variables. Limitations include time, budget, and potential unwillingness of some LGBT individuals to participate due to fears of discrimination.
Running head: SELF ESTEEM: METHODS
1
SELF ESTEEM: METHODS
3
Self Esteem:Methods Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Spacing. Otherwise everything is okay.
Self Esteem: Methods
The methodical approach that is applied in understanding self-esteem is empirical research. Many controversial debates have been done to understand the concept and truth about self-esteem. Many people just get around the fact that self-esteem can influence the ability of the children to study and succeed in education (Franck, 2007). Other people just claim with the new hypothesis that has been drawn from the research conclusions of the studies that have been done so far about self-esteem (Govier, 2013). Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: This is an interesting start though the sentence doesn’t actually say much. Still, it works. Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Okay. This additional material helps create a stronger introduction.
However, in getting the results of self-esteem, research can be done by both qualitative and quantitative methods (Govier, 2013). These methods of research can be applied in trying to understand self-esteem where the experiments that ask the respondents how favorably they can regard themselves. Questionnaires are used to collect data in this case that have questions that ask the respondents to agree or not agree with statements such as “I feel I can make it in life.” Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Yes, but . . . what are these different approaches about? Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: You offer a couple of examples but don’t pair wither experiments or questionnaires with either approach.
The statements are directed to the fact that self-esteem is based on what the subjects says about themselves and it worthwhile to note that self-report measures are rather problematic(Franck, 2007). Sometimes they can tell us about someone’s wishes but not their real status. However, since the other methods that have been suggested to understand self-esteem are yet to be empirically validated, the only addition method is an analysis of other research that has been done by other researchers. There is experimental research that has been done so far on the impact and the working of self-esteem and variables that influence this change can provide very interesting resources. The resources that will be required will be a list of questionnaires, respondents and around a period of one month to gather data that has been collected through research (Franck, 2007). Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: say Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: What would be the value of analyzing all the research if none of it has been empirically validated? Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: additional Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: I don’t quite follow you. I don’t know what hypothesis is being tested or what design you propose to use. Much better clarification is needed.
References
Franck, E., & De Raedt, R. (2007). Self-esteem reconsidered: Unstable self-esteem outperforms level of self-esteem as vulnera.
Reply to students Reply to other classmates’ threads, providing .docxchris293
Reply to students
Reply to other classmates’ threads, providing commentary, feedback, suggested reading, or questions for consideration. Reply must be 250 words and provide 1 reference in APA format.
Student 1 Response
Let’s say that you are researching a topic that concerns all fifth-grade students in the United States. Trying to gather data for every fifth-grade student in the United States is not a feasible task. A researcher would not even have access to that many students. A generalization will be concluded about the population that is being studied and that generalization will need an adequate sampling in order to be valid. “The sample is the group of elements or a single element, from which data are obtained” (McMillan, 1996, p. 86). Sampling allows for the study of a part that represents a whole of a population and techniques are needed to ensure that the sample will lead to a valid conclusion. “Sampling techniques tell us how to select cases that can lead to valid generalizations about a population, or the entire group you wish to learn about” Check & Schutt, 2012, p. 91). The sample must be an ideal representation of the population that is being studied. The sample must share the same characteristics of those of the total population (Check & Schutt, 2012).
Before determining the sample, it is important to have a detailed description of the population characteristics that is to form the focus of the study. There are a variety of methods in determining sampling for educational research and the caliber of representatives is based on the sampling procedures used (McMillan, 1996). Check and Schutt (2012) state that an important distinction about samples is whether they are based on a probability or a nonprobability sampling method. When using the probability sampling, the researcher knows in advance the likelihood the any element of a population will be selected for the study (Check & Schutt, 2012). “Probability sampling is a method of sampling in which the subjects are selected randomly in such a way that the researcher knows the probability of selecting each member of the population” (McMillan, 1996, p. 87). The random selection reduces the chance of having systematic bias in the selection elements. Sampling methods that do not let the researcher know in advance the likelihood of selection is called nonprobability sampling methods (Check & Schutt, 2012). “Nonprobability sampling methods can be useful when random sampling is not possible, when a research question does not concern a larger population, and when a preliminary exploratory study is appropriate” (Check & Schutt, 2012, p. 112).
Probability sampling methods are further broken down into types of random sampling. There are four types of random sampling: simple random sampling, systematic random sampling, cluster sampling, and stratified random sampling. Some examples of nonprobability sampling methods include availability sampling, quota sampling, purposive sampling, and sno.
ENG122 Composition II Research Paper Guidelines P a g e.docxSALU18
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
P a g e | 1 of 6
2015.09
English 122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
You will spend five weeks completing a 5-7 page academic argument in APA style. Each week is devoted to
one phase of the academic writing process:
1. Topic Selection & Beginning Research
2. Pre-Writing & Organization
3. Draft Writing
4. Revision
5. Final Draft
Week 1: Topic Selection & Beginning Research
Select a topic from the list of approved topics that begins on page two of this document. You will be working
with the same topic for the next five weeks. Choose a topic that is interesting but be wary of topics that elicit a
strong emotional response. We will be writing an objective academic paper in third-person perspective, which
may be difficult if you feel too personally connected to the topic.
As you begin to gather research on the topic, start organizing your work into an annotated bibliography. You
will submit your annotated bibliography for grading and feedback at the end of Week 1. You will use a working
thesis statement to guide you. These items may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 2: Pre-Writing & Organization
After gathering sufficient research, you will begin to build a credible argument about the topic, which may
require revisions to your working thesis statement. You will submit an outline of your academic argument for
grading and feedback at the end of Week 2. The outline may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 3: Draft Writing
You will utilize your annotated bibliography and outline as tools to write a rough draft essay. The annotated
bibliography provides you with your research notes while the outline guides you through the structure of your
argument. You will submit a rough draft of your academic argument for grading and feedback at the end of
Week 3. You will have time to fully revise your draft over the remaining two weeks of class.
Week 4: Revision
The revision process contains a number of steps that may overlap and repeat. This includes additional research,
more writing, proofreading, editing, and content revision. You must consider and apply the feedback you
received throughout class as you revise your rough draft. You are expected to use Week 4 as an opportunity for
careful and thorough revision.
Week 5: Final Draft
The final week of class will culminate in the submission of your Final Research Paper. This is the final,
complete, error-free version of your academic argument. The final draft is worth 30% of your final grade in this
class.
P a g e | 2 of 6 2015.09
Writing Prompts – Select One for this Class
Prompts have been organized by subject area. Please review all options before making your final selection and
consider selecting a topic from your field of study/major.
Business
1. Some argue that a gender-based income gap is still present in America today. ...
ENG122 Composition II Research Paper Guidelines P a g e.docxYASHU40
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
P a g e | 1 of 6
2015.09
English 122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
You will spend five weeks completing a 5-7 page academic argument in APA style. Each week is devoted to
one phase of the academic writing process:
1. Topic Selection & Beginning Research
2. Pre-Writing & Organization
3. Draft Writing
4. Revision
5. Final Draft
Week 1: Topic Selection & Beginning Research
Select a topic from the list of approved topics that begins on page two of this document. You will be working
with the same topic for the next five weeks. Choose a topic that is interesting but be wary of topics that elicit a
strong emotional response. We will be writing an objective academic paper in third-person perspective, which
may be difficult if you feel too personally connected to the topic.
As you begin to gather research on the topic, start organizing your work into an annotated bibliography. You
will submit your annotated bibliography for grading and feedback at the end of Week 1. You will use a working
thesis statement to guide you. These items may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 2: Pre-Writing & Organization
After gathering sufficient research, you will begin to build a credible argument about the topic, which may
require revisions to your working thesis statement. You will submit an outline of your academic argument for
grading and feedback at the end of Week 2. The outline may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 3: Draft Writing
You will utilize your annotated bibliography and outline as tools to write a rough draft essay. The annotated
bibliography provides you with your research notes while the outline guides you through the structure of your
argument. You will submit a rough draft of your academic argument for grading and feedback at the end of
Week 3. You will have time to fully revise your draft over the remaining two weeks of class.
Week 4: Revision
The revision process contains a number of steps that may overlap and repeat. This includes additional research,
more writing, proofreading, editing, and content revision. You must consider and apply the feedback you
received throughout class as you revise your rough draft. You are expected to use Week 4 as an opportunity for
careful and thorough revision.
Week 5: Final Draft
The final week of class will culminate in the submission of your Final Research Paper. This is the final,
complete, error-free version of your academic argument. The final draft is worth 30% of your final grade in this
class.
P a g e | 2 of 6 2015.09
Writing Prompts – Select One for this Class
Prompts have been organized by subject area. Please review all options before making your final selection and
consider selecting a topic from your field of study/major.
Business
1. Some argue that a gender-based income gap is still present in America today. ...
Bivariate RegressionRegression analysis is a powerful and comm.docxhartrobert670
Bivariate Regression
Regression analysis is a powerful and commonly used tool in business research. One important step in regression is to determine the dependent and independent variable(s).
In a bivariate regression, which variable is the dependent variable and which one is the independent variable?
· What does the intercept of a regression tell? What does the slope of a regression tell?
· What are some of the main uses of a regression?
Provide an example of a situation wherein a bivariate regression would be a good choice for analyzing data.
Justify your answers using examples and reasoning. Comment on the postings of at least two peers and state whether you agree or disagree with their views.
Types of Regression Analyses
There are two major types of regression analysis—simple and multiple regression analysis. Both types consist of dependent and independent variables. Simple linear regression has two variables—dependent and independent. Multiple regression consists of dependent variable and two or more independent variables.
· How does a multiple regression compare with a simple linear regression?
· What are the various ways to determine what variables should be included in a multiple regression equation?
· Compare and contrast the following processes: forward selection, backward elimination, and stepwise selection.
Justify your answers using examples and reasoning.
Critical Analysis
Critical analysis involves thinking about what you're reading and interpreting it and evaluating it.
Critical analysis of the books, papers, articles, and research that you read for your classes is an important skill. It is also an important skill in the workplace. Generally speaking, when you engage in critical analysis, you do the following things:
Critical Analysis Principles
Example Questions or Statements
Identify and challenge starting assumptions
Questions:
Did the authors base their conclusions on the appropriate facts? Did the author consider the social conditions of the appropriate time period? Did the author use the appropriate resources to adequately address the question?
Example:
The author used widely-held social beliefs in 2007 to explain social changes that occurred in 1910.
Distinguish facts from opinions, and distinguish objectivity from bias
Questions:
Has the author stated the facts from a research study, or did he just give us his opinion? Has the author explained the situation fairly? Did the author allow her personal opinion or involvement to prejudice her explanation and cloud her judgment?
Example:
This drug has been reported to be an effective treatment. However, all the reports come from the company that created and is selling the drug. There are no independent reports from uninvolved parties that support this claim.
Make inferences from the facts
Questions:
What do these findings mean? What are the implications of these findings? Do these findings impact other areas or concepts? Did the author interpret the findings in a reas ...
Applied Research Essay example
Ethics in Research Essay
Research Critique Essay example
Essay on Types Of Research
Methodology of Research Essay examples
Qualitative Research Evaluation Essay
Essay about Sampling
Sample Methodology Essay
Research Methods Essay
Fundamentals of Research Essay
Experimental Research Designs Essay
Sampling Methods Essay
Use the Capella library to locate two psychology research articles.docxdickonsondorris
Use the Capella library to locate two psychology research articles: a quantitative methods article and a qualitative methods article. These do not need to be on the same topic, but if you have a research topic in mind for your proposal (see Assessment 5), you may wish to pick something similar for this assessment. Read each article carefully.
Then, in a 2–3-page assessment, address the following elements:
1 Summarize the research question and hypothesis, the research methods, and the overall findings.
2 Compare the research methodologies used in each study. In what ways are the methodologies similar? In what ways are they different? (Be sure to use the technical psychological terms we are studying.)
3 Describe the sample and sample size for each study. Which one used a larger sample and why? How were participants selected?
4 Describe the data collection process for each study. What methods were used to collect the data? Surveys? Observations? Interviews? Be specific and discuss the instruments or measures fully—what do they measure? How is the test designed?
5 Summarize the data analysis process for each study. How was the data analyzed? Were statistics used? Were interviews coded?
6 In conclusion, craft 1–2 paragraphs explaining how these two articles illustrate the main differences between quantitative and qualitative research.
Additional Requirements
· Written communication: Written communication should be free of errors that detract from the overall message.
· APA formatting: Your assessment should be formatted according to APA (6th ed.) style and formatting.
· Length: A typical response will be 2–3 typed and double-spaced pages.
Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
Research Methods
There are many different types of research studies, and the type of study that is done depends very much on the research question. Some studies demand strictly numerical data, such as a comparison of GPA among different college majors or weight loss among different types of eating programs. Others require more in-depth data, like interview responses. Such studies might include the lived experience of people that have been through a terrorist attack or understanding the experience of being physically disabled on a college campus. While there are a number of different types of studies that can be done, all of them fall under two basic categories: quantitative and qualitative.
Quantitative Research
Quantitative research deals with numerical data. This means that any topic you study in a quantitative study must be quantifiable—grades, weight, height, depression, and intelligence are all things that can be quantified on some scale of measurement. Quantitative data is often considered hard data—numbers are seen as concrete, irrefutable evidence, but we have to take into account a number of factors that could impact such data. Errors in measurement and recording of such data, as well as the influence of other factors outside those in the study, make for ...
Running head: SELF ESTEEM: METHODS
1
SELF ESTEEM: METHODS
3
Self Esteem:Methods Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Spacing. Otherwise everything is okay.
Self Esteem: Methods
The methodical approach that is applied in understanding self-esteem is empirical research. Many controversial debates have been done to understand the concept and truth about self-esteem. Many people just get around the fact that self-esteem can influence the ability of the children to study and succeed in education (Franck, 2007). Other people just claim with the new hypothesis that has been drawn from the research conclusions of the studies that have been done so far about self-esteem (Govier, 2013). Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: This is an interesting start though the sentence doesn’t actually say much. Still, it works. Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Okay. This additional material helps create a stronger introduction.
However, in getting the results of self-esteem, research can be done by both qualitative and quantitative methods (Govier, 2013). These methods of research can be applied in trying to understand self-esteem where the experiments that ask the respondents how favorably they can regard themselves. Questionnaires are used to collect data in this case that have questions that ask the respondents to agree or not agree with statements such as “I feel I can make it in life.” Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: Yes, but . . . what are these different approaches about? Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: You offer a couple of examples but don’t pair wither experiments or questionnaires with either approach.
The statements are directed to the fact that self-esteem is based on what the subjects says about themselves and it worthwhile to note that self-report measures are rather problematic(Franck, 2007). Sometimes they can tell us about someone’s wishes but not their real status. However, since the other methods that have been suggested to understand self-esteem are yet to be empirically validated, the only addition method is an analysis of other research that has been done by other researchers. There is experimental research that has been done so far on the impact and the working of self-esteem and variables that influence this change can provide very interesting resources. The resources that will be required will be a list of questionnaires, respondents and around a period of one month to gather data that has been collected through research (Franck, 2007). Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: say Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: What would be the value of analyzing all the research if none of it has been empirically validated? Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: additional Comment by Gregory G. Bolich: I don’t quite follow you. I don’t know what hypothesis is being tested or what design you propose to use. Much better clarification is needed.
References
Franck, E., & De Raedt, R. (2007). Self-esteem reconsidered: Unstable self-esteem outperforms level of self-esteem as vulnera.
Reply to students Reply to other classmates’ threads, providing .docxchris293
Reply to students
Reply to other classmates’ threads, providing commentary, feedback, suggested reading, or questions for consideration. Reply must be 250 words and provide 1 reference in APA format.
Student 1 Response
Let’s say that you are researching a topic that concerns all fifth-grade students in the United States. Trying to gather data for every fifth-grade student in the United States is not a feasible task. A researcher would not even have access to that many students. A generalization will be concluded about the population that is being studied and that generalization will need an adequate sampling in order to be valid. “The sample is the group of elements or a single element, from which data are obtained” (McMillan, 1996, p. 86). Sampling allows for the study of a part that represents a whole of a population and techniques are needed to ensure that the sample will lead to a valid conclusion. “Sampling techniques tell us how to select cases that can lead to valid generalizations about a population, or the entire group you wish to learn about” Check & Schutt, 2012, p. 91). The sample must be an ideal representation of the population that is being studied. The sample must share the same characteristics of those of the total population (Check & Schutt, 2012).
Before determining the sample, it is important to have a detailed description of the population characteristics that is to form the focus of the study. There are a variety of methods in determining sampling for educational research and the caliber of representatives is based on the sampling procedures used (McMillan, 1996). Check and Schutt (2012) state that an important distinction about samples is whether they are based on a probability or a nonprobability sampling method. When using the probability sampling, the researcher knows in advance the likelihood the any element of a population will be selected for the study (Check & Schutt, 2012). “Probability sampling is a method of sampling in which the subjects are selected randomly in such a way that the researcher knows the probability of selecting each member of the population” (McMillan, 1996, p. 87). The random selection reduces the chance of having systematic bias in the selection elements. Sampling methods that do not let the researcher know in advance the likelihood of selection is called nonprobability sampling methods (Check & Schutt, 2012). “Nonprobability sampling methods can be useful when random sampling is not possible, when a research question does not concern a larger population, and when a preliminary exploratory study is appropriate” (Check & Schutt, 2012, p. 112).
Probability sampling methods are further broken down into types of random sampling. There are four types of random sampling: simple random sampling, systematic random sampling, cluster sampling, and stratified random sampling. Some examples of nonprobability sampling methods include availability sampling, quota sampling, purposive sampling, and sno.
ENG122 Composition II Research Paper Guidelines P a g e.docxSALU18
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
P a g e | 1 of 6
2015.09
English 122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
You will spend five weeks completing a 5-7 page academic argument in APA style. Each week is devoted to
one phase of the academic writing process:
1. Topic Selection & Beginning Research
2. Pre-Writing & Organization
3. Draft Writing
4. Revision
5. Final Draft
Week 1: Topic Selection & Beginning Research
Select a topic from the list of approved topics that begins on page two of this document. You will be working
with the same topic for the next five weeks. Choose a topic that is interesting but be wary of topics that elicit a
strong emotional response. We will be writing an objective academic paper in third-person perspective, which
may be difficult if you feel too personally connected to the topic.
As you begin to gather research on the topic, start organizing your work into an annotated bibliography. You
will submit your annotated bibliography for grading and feedback at the end of Week 1. You will use a working
thesis statement to guide you. These items may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 2: Pre-Writing & Organization
After gathering sufficient research, you will begin to build a credible argument about the topic, which may
require revisions to your working thesis statement. You will submit an outline of your academic argument for
grading and feedback at the end of Week 2. The outline may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 3: Draft Writing
You will utilize your annotated bibliography and outline as tools to write a rough draft essay. The annotated
bibliography provides you with your research notes while the outline guides you through the structure of your
argument. You will submit a rough draft of your academic argument for grading and feedback at the end of
Week 3. You will have time to fully revise your draft over the remaining two weeks of class.
Week 4: Revision
The revision process contains a number of steps that may overlap and repeat. This includes additional research,
more writing, proofreading, editing, and content revision. You must consider and apply the feedback you
received throughout class as you revise your rough draft. You are expected to use Week 4 as an opportunity for
careful and thorough revision.
Week 5: Final Draft
The final week of class will culminate in the submission of your Final Research Paper. This is the final,
complete, error-free version of your academic argument. The final draft is worth 30% of your final grade in this
class.
P a g e | 2 of 6 2015.09
Writing Prompts – Select One for this Class
Prompts have been organized by subject area. Please review all options before making your final selection and
consider selecting a topic from your field of study/major.
Business
1. Some argue that a gender-based income gap is still present in America today. ...
ENG122 Composition II Research Paper Guidelines P a g e.docxYASHU40
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
P a g e | 1 of 6
2015.09
English 122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
You will spend five weeks completing a 5-7 page academic argument in APA style. Each week is devoted to
one phase of the academic writing process:
1. Topic Selection & Beginning Research
2. Pre-Writing & Organization
3. Draft Writing
4. Revision
5. Final Draft
Week 1: Topic Selection & Beginning Research
Select a topic from the list of approved topics that begins on page two of this document. You will be working
with the same topic for the next five weeks. Choose a topic that is interesting but be wary of topics that elicit a
strong emotional response. We will be writing an objective academic paper in third-person perspective, which
may be difficult if you feel too personally connected to the topic.
As you begin to gather research on the topic, start organizing your work into an annotated bibliography. You
will submit your annotated bibliography for grading and feedback at the end of Week 1. You will use a working
thesis statement to guide you. These items may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 2: Pre-Writing & Organization
After gathering sufficient research, you will begin to build a credible argument about the topic, which may
require revisions to your working thesis statement. You will submit an outline of your academic argument for
grading and feedback at the end of Week 2. The outline may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 3: Draft Writing
You will utilize your annotated bibliography and outline as tools to write a rough draft essay. The annotated
bibliography provides you with your research notes while the outline guides you through the structure of your
argument. You will submit a rough draft of your academic argument for grading and feedback at the end of
Week 3. You will have time to fully revise your draft over the remaining two weeks of class.
Week 4: Revision
The revision process contains a number of steps that may overlap and repeat. This includes additional research,
more writing, proofreading, editing, and content revision. You must consider and apply the feedback you
received throughout class as you revise your rough draft. You are expected to use Week 4 as an opportunity for
careful and thorough revision.
Week 5: Final Draft
The final week of class will culminate in the submission of your Final Research Paper. This is the final,
complete, error-free version of your academic argument. The final draft is worth 30% of your final grade in this
class.
P a g e | 2 of 6 2015.09
Writing Prompts – Select One for this Class
Prompts have been organized by subject area. Please review all options before making your final selection and
consider selecting a topic from your field of study/major.
Business
1. Some argue that a gender-based income gap is still present in America today. ...
Bivariate RegressionRegression analysis is a powerful and comm.docxhartrobert670
Bivariate Regression
Regression analysis is a powerful and commonly used tool in business research. One important step in regression is to determine the dependent and independent variable(s).
In a bivariate regression, which variable is the dependent variable and which one is the independent variable?
· What does the intercept of a regression tell? What does the slope of a regression tell?
· What are some of the main uses of a regression?
Provide an example of a situation wherein a bivariate regression would be a good choice for analyzing data.
Justify your answers using examples and reasoning. Comment on the postings of at least two peers and state whether you agree or disagree with their views.
Types of Regression Analyses
There are two major types of regression analysis—simple and multiple regression analysis. Both types consist of dependent and independent variables. Simple linear regression has two variables—dependent and independent. Multiple regression consists of dependent variable and two or more independent variables.
· How does a multiple regression compare with a simple linear regression?
· What are the various ways to determine what variables should be included in a multiple regression equation?
· Compare and contrast the following processes: forward selection, backward elimination, and stepwise selection.
Justify your answers using examples and reasoning.
Critical Analysis
Critical analysis involves thinking about what you're reading and interpreting it and evaluating it.
Critical analysis of the books, papers, articles, and research that you read for your classes is an important skill. It is also an important skill in the workplace. Generally speaking, when you engage in critical analysis, you do the following things:
Critical Analysis Principles
Example Questions or Statements
Identify and challenge starting assumptions
Questions:
Did the authors base their conclusions on the appropriate facts? Did the author consider the social conditions of the appropriate time period? Did the author use the appropriate resources to adequately address the question?
Example:
The author used widely-held social beliefs in 2007 to explain social changes that occurred in 1910.
Distinguish facts from opinions, and distinguish objectivity from bias
Questions:
Has the author stated the facts from a research study, or did he just give us his opinion? Has the author explained the situation fairly? Did the author allow her personal opinion or involvement to prejudice her explanation and cloud her judgment?
Example:
This drug has been reported to be an effective treatment. However, all the reports come from the company that created and is selling the drug. There are no independent reports from uninvolved parties that support this claim.
Make inferences from the facts
Questions:
What do these findings mean? What are the implications of these findings? Do these findings impact other areas or concepts? Did the author interpret the findings in a reas ...
Applied Research Essay example
Ethics in Research Essay
Research Critique Essay example
Essay on Types Of Research
Methodology of Research Essay examples
Qualitative Research Evaluation Essay
Essay about Sampling
Sample Methodology Essay
Research Methods Essay
Fundamentals of Research Essay
Experimental Research Designs Essay
Sampling Methods Essay
Use the Capella library to locate two psychology research articles.docxdickonsondorris
Use the Capella library to locate two psychology research articles: a quantitative methods article and a qualitative methods article. These do not need to be on the same topic, but if you have a research topic in mind for your proposal (see Assessment 5), you may wish to pick something similar for this assessment. Read each article carefully.
Then, in a 2–3-page assessment, address the following elements:
1 Summarize the research question and hypothesis, the research methods, and the overall findings.
2 Compare the research methodologies used in each study. In what ways are the methodologies similar? In what ways are they different? (Be sure to use the technical psychological terms we are studying.)
3 Describe the sample and sample size for each study. Which one used a larger sample and why? How were participants selected?
4 Describe the data collection process for each study. What methods were used to collect the data? Surveys? Observations? Interviews? Be specific and discuss the instruments or measures fully—what do they measure? How is the test designed?
5 Summarize the data analysis process for each study. How was the data analyzed? Were statistics used? Were interviews coded?
6 In conclusion, craft 1–2 paragraphs explaining how these two articles illustrate the main differences between quantitative and qualitative research.
Additional Requirements
· Written communication: Written communication should be free of errors that detract from the overall message.
· APA formatting: Your assessment should be formatted according to APA (6th ed.) style and formatting.
· Length: A typical response will be 2–3 typed and double-spaced pages.
Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
Research Methods
There are many different types of research studies, and the type of study that is done depends very much on the research question. Some studies demand strictly numerical data, such as a comparison of GPA among different college majors or weight loss among different types of eating programs. Others require more in-depth data, like interview responses. Such studies might include the lived experience of people that have been through a terrorist attack or understanding the experience of being physically disabled on a college campus. While there are a number of different types of studies that can be done, all of them fall under two basic categories: quantitative and qualitative.
Quantitative Research
Quantitative research deals with numerical data. This means that any topic you study in a quantitative study must be quantifiable—grades, weight, height, depression, and intelligence are all things that can be quantified on some scale of measurement. Quantitative data is often considered hard data—numbers are seen as concrete, irrefutable evidence, but we have to take into account a number of factors that could impact such data. Errors in measurement and recording of such data, as well as the influence of other factors outside those in the study, make for ...
Cross-Cultural PsychologyChapter 2 Methodology of Cross-Cult.docxannettsparrow
Cross-Cultural Psychology
Chapter 2
Methodology of Cross-Cultural Research
A blind man who sees is better than a seeing man who is blind.
Persian Proverb
Never believe on faith, see for yourself! What you yourself don’t learn, you don’t know.
Bertolt Brecht (1898–1956)—
Twentieth-Century German Playwright
Shiraev/Levy Cross-Cultural Psychology 5/e
1
Goals of Cross-Cultural Research
Shiraev/Levy Cross-Cultural Psychology 5/e
Imagine, a researcher wants to find similarities and differences between arranged marriage practiced in India and nonarranged marriages in the United States and how they affect marital stability. What does the psychologist aim to pursue in this particular project?
First, the researcher wants to describe the findings of this research.
Then, when some differences between ethnic groups are found, the researcher tries to explain whether these factors affect stability.
The practical value of the study may be significant if it not only explains but also predicts the factors that should determine successful marital relationships in both studied groups.
2
Love marriages are like hot soup that cool overtime, arranged marriages are like cold soup that warm up.
-Outsourced
“There is never a time or place for true love. It happens accidentally, in a heartbeat, in a single flashing, throbbing moment.”
― Sarah Dessen, The Truth About Forever
Different cultures and even people within these cultures have different perspectives on love and marriage.
3
First, the researcher wants to describe the findings of this research.
Then, when some differences between ethnic groups are found, the researcher tries to explain whether these factors affect stability.
The practical value of the study may be significant if it not only explains but also predicts the factors that should determine successful marital relationships in both studied groups.
Factors that Affect Marital Stability
What we aim to do as cultural psychologists is to describe, explain, and predict behavior.
4
Two strategies in cross-cultural research
Application-Oriented
Strategy
Comparativist
Strategy
Shiraev/Levy Cross-Cultural Psychology 5/e
Application oriented attempts to establish research findings obtained in one country to the culture of another. Comparativist trys to find similarities and differences in sampling of cultures.
5
equivalence. Indicates that the evidence that the methods selected for the study measure the same phenomenon across other cultures chosen for the study.
Method A is used to study anxiety in France and Italy
Method B is used to study anxiety in India and Pakistan
The results will likely to be incompatible due to the equivalency problem
!
Shiraev/Levy Cross-Cultural Psychology 5/e
Consider a study that measures anxiety using a self-report survey in France but a study which uses observation of a population and measures number of anxiety educing instances in an Indian population. While they may attempt to measure the sa.
· Locate six articles on a research topic of your interest—two qua.docxoswald1horne84988
· Locate six articles on a research topic of your interest—two quantitative research articles, two qualitative research articles, and two mixed methods research articles—published in peer-reviewed journals.
· Prepare an annotated bibliography that includes the following:
· A one-paragraph introduction that provides context for why you selected the research articles you did.
· A reference list entry in APA Style for each of the six articles that follows proper formatting. Follow each reference list entry with a three-paragraph annotation that includes:
· A summary
· An analysis
· An application as illustrated in this example
· A one-paragraph conclusion that presents a synthesis of the six articles.
· Format your annotated bibliography in Times New Roman, 12-point font, double-spaced. A separate References list page is not needed for this assignment.
Running Head: Literature Review
1
Literature Review
2
4-2 Final Project One: Literature Review
Kevin Menard
Southern New Hampshire University
4-2 Final Project One: Literature Review
I. Describe the community need in your local community or a community of your choice, and explain why you chose this issue.
The need or issue that we are going to address in this assignment is the foster care system in the United States. We say that the future of a great nation lies in the hands of our children because they are the individuals who will lead our future generations. The welfare of children in a country is therefore very important. There are so many children in the United States that need to be adopted, and there are about 800,000 children every year that go through the foster care system in the country. The main intention of the foster care system in the United States is to ensure that children are provided with a safe and comfortable environment to grow up. However, over the years this system has failed repeatedly in delivering this objective. This is because there are so many children put in foster care who undergo harsh living conditions due to abuse, neglect, and lack of stability as they are switched from one home to another. Statistics show that more than 60,000 children in foster care go through neglect and abuse every year (Mitchell, 2016). For children welfare to be improved, we need to address this issue, and this is the reason why I picked this issue.
II. Assess the primary and secondary sources for their credibility, justifying how the sources are or are not credible. How do you know the sources are credible? How do you know the sources are not credible?
The research on this issue will be based both on primary and secondary sources. The primary sources to be used in this research are foster parents, children, and the institutions that place children into foster homes. The secondary sources to be used will include the National Institute of Health research on the topic and Children Bureau research.
One can know if a source is credible or not depending on whether or .
1 Research Essay Assignment Your research paper i.docxhoney725342
1
Research Essay Assignment
Your research paper is the “capstone” project for this course and, as such, counts as
25% of your course grade for ENG 101. This project will be based upon one of the
readings from Unit 3 and supplemented by useful, relevant information located
through research. Continue to build on the skills and strengths you’ve been
developing in your first two essays and, as always, draw upon your work in our
discussions of these texts.
Essay Format Requirements:
The essay must be at least 1,000 words in length. (NOTE: The Works Cited page
does not count in this total.)
The essay must follow MLA format for citing research sources, both in the essay
paragraphs and on a Works Cited page.
Number the pages.
No need for a separate cover sheet.
Make sure that you do not use first person (I, me, my, myself, etc.) or second
person (you, your, yourself, etc.) references in the essay.
Research Requirements:
You must quote or paraphrase from at least three (3) research sources but
researching more sources is preferable to having only three sources that you
have researched.
Important: The readings selections in the course text (World Views) and video
resources in the course Content cannot count as research sources for the essay.
You can certainly use these resources in the essay, but you will need to find at
least three (3) research sources outside of these resources.
The library’s online databases are very good resources for finding research
articles. You are responsible for ensuring that your sources are authoritative
enough to be credible. Keep in mind that general web sites often are not nearly
as credible as published articles that you can find in the college’s research
databases. Web sites like “Ask.com” or other such general information sites are
not effective research sources for a formal essay. When in doubt, move on to
another source or – if you really need the information – ask me for guidance.
2
Do not use or cite the following sources: Wikipedia, student work posted on
websites, “homework”-type websites, or social media sites.
Plagiarism has been a problem with this assignment. If you do not understand
what plagiarism is, please ask, because intentional plagiarism will result in a
failing grade.
Possible Topics:
Choose one of the following topics for your Research Essay subject.
"Footbinding":
TOPIC: Think of contemporary examples of ways in which some people
permanently modify their bodies (surgically or otherwise) in order to appear
more attractive to others. Investigate one or two such examples, then compare
those practices or surgeries to footbinding. How are they similar to it? Different
from it? Are we as different from the old Chinese footbinding culture as we might
like to believe? What do all of these practices reveal about the impacts of social
standards of beauty on people’s perceptions and be ...
This essay is the first in a series of three essays that will deal.docxchristalgrieg
This essay is the first in a series of three essays that will deal with a single issue or event in the world today. In this essay, you will be explaining the facts of your event or issue, not presenting the various perspectives or your own personal view on your issue. This is the place where you present a view of the data the upcoming perspectives are based on.
You may choose to approach this assignment in one of several ways, depending on your issue. You may choose to present a timeline of events leading up to present day. You may choose to present the basic concepts on which your issue rests. You may choose to combine these approaches. However you approach this assignment, you need to remember to retain an empirical stance while striving to present your data in a unique, interesting way.
Some tips to completing this assignment successfully:
· Try to find a unique angle or presentation for you issue in order to engage the reader.
· Focus on one aspect of your broad issue--you're going for depth, not breadth of coverage
· Remember to stick to an empirical stance. You will have the chance to present the different sides of your issue, as well as your own position, at a later date.
This essay must be at least 4 pages long, set in Times New Roman font with 1-inch margins. Your text must be double-spaced and you must use MLA format. Also, remember to cite all information that you cull from outside sources.
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW 1
LITERATURE REVIEW 2
Literature Review: Childhood Obesity
Student’s name
Institution
Date
Literature Review: Childhood Obesity
The prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has increased at such a rapid rate that this has been considered a serious healthcare issue. This issue has attracted the attention of policy makers, government agencies, and the community. Due to the extent of the problem, a large number of researchers have investigated a number of factors relating to childhood obesity. One of the factors that have been investigated is the impact of changing the attitudes of the patients towards obesity and lifestyle factors that cause a risk factor. In this study, the main factor being investigated is the impact of education on exercise and diet on patients who have a BMI of more than 30. The following is a summary of a review of the literature used to determine the impact of educating patients on exercise and diet changes.
Comparison of Research Questions
Most of the literature analyzed for this study focuses on the intervention strategies for childhood obesity. Cheung et al. seeks to understand the extent of the childhood obesity in America. The research asks about the incidence of childhood obesity in America in a bid to demonstrate the extent of the problem.
Ickes et al. (2014) research question compares the intervention strategies used in the American schools and international ones. The main aim of this study is to determine the gaps in the intervention used in American school ...
All assignments are due 3119 by midnight. Top of FormBottom .docxsimonlbentley59018
All assignments are due 3/1/19 by midnight. Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Assignment 2: Case Study
As discussed, family members and significant others of addicts are also affected by the addiction. In this module, you will get an opportunity to gather information from an addict's family members or significant others, for example, a spouse, partner, children, or parents. For this assignment, you will develop a brief case study and, using the information you have learned through this course, identify recommendations for the continued success of the family member or significant other.
Your interviewees may be people you know or people you met at the support group meeting. After the interview, write a three-page paper discussing the following:
· Demographics of the interviewees (no real names)
· History of the interaction
· Their feelings about living with an addict
· What they have done to encourage a positive change in the addict
· How they cope with the day-to-day challenges of living with an addict
· Your recommendations for their continued success
Create your reflection paper in Microsoft Word document format. Name your file M7_A2_LastName_Casestudy.doc, and submit it to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.
All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Discussed the demographics of the interviewees.
4
Discussed the history of the interaction.
4
Discussed the feelings of the interviewees about living with an addict.
8
Discussed what the interviewees have done to encourage a positive change in the addict.
8
Discussed how the interviewees cope with the day-to-day challenges of living with an addict.
8
Proposed recommendations for continued success.
8
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources, displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
4
Total:
44
· M7 Assignment 3 Discussion
Discussion Topic
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Assignment 3: Discussion Questions
Your facilitator will guide you in the selection of two of the three discussion questions. Submit your responses to these questions to the appropriate Discussion Area by the due date assigned. Through the end of the module, comment on the responses of others.
All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.
You will be attempting two discussion questions in this module; each worth 28 points. The total number of points that can be earned for this assignment is 56.
Codependency
The term “codependency” arose in the 1970s in reference to the changes one person makes to adjust to the addiction of another. For some, the term has broadened somewhat to include focusing on the needs of others to the exclusion of their own needs. However, controversy surrounds the term—some believe that codependency is nonexistent.
Do you think codependency exists in the family members .
SOCW 6311 wk 8 peer responses Respond to at least two collea.docxsamuel699872
SOCW 6311 wk 8 peer responses
Respond to at least two colleagues by doing all of the following:
Name first and references after every person
Indicate strengths of their needs assessment plan that will enable the needs assessments to yield support for the program that they want to develop.
Offer suggestions to improve the needs assessment plan in areas such as:
Defining the extent and scope of the need
Obtaining important information about the target population
Identifying issues that might affect the target population’s ability to access the program or services
Instructor wants lay out like this:
Respond to at least two colleagues ( 2 peers posts are provided) by doing all of the following:
Identify strengths of your colleagues’ analyses and areas in which the analyses could be improved.
Your response
Address his or her evaluation of the efficacy and applicability of the evidence-based practice,
Your response
[Evaluate] his or her identification of factors that could support or hinder the implementation of the evidence-based practice,
Your response
And [evaluate] his or her solution for mitigating those factors.
Your response
Offer additional insight to your colleagues by either identifying additional factors that may support or limit implementation of the evidence-based practice or an alternative solution for mitigating one of the limitations that your colleagues identified.
Your response
References
Your response
Peer 1: McKenna Bull
RE: Discussion - Week 8
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
Needs assessments are a form of research conducted to gather information about the needs of a population or a group in a community (Tutty & Rothery, 2010, p. 149). One purpose of a needs assessment is to explore in more depth whether a new program within an organization or agency is needed (Dudley, 2014, p. 117). Key questions of this type of needs assessment may revolve around: (1) whether there are enough prospective clients to warrant this type of program, (2) the different activities or programs that the respondents would be interested in using, priorities for some activities over others, (3) importance of the activities, and (4) times in which this program would be desired and used (Dudley, 2014, p. 117). Potential barriers for the implementation of a new program should also be assessed to ensure the best possible outcome. Some barriers to services could include factors such as: location, costs, potential need for fees, and possible psychological issues related to such things. The following is an assessment of an intensive outpatient program for youth, and a potential need that is currently being unmet.
Post a needs assessment plan for a potential program of your choice that meets a currently unmet need. Describe the unmet need and how current information supports your position that a needs assessment is warranted.
The intensive outpatient program (IOP) at Provo Canyon Behavioral H.
Cross-Cultural PsychologyChapter 2 Methodology of Cross-Cult.docxannettsparrow
Cross-Cultural Psychology
Chapter 2
Methodology of Cross-Cultural Research
A blind man who sees is better than a seeing man who is blind.
Persian Proverb
Never believe on faith, see for yourself! What you yourself don’t learn, you don’t know.
Bertolt Brecht (1898–1956)—
Twentieth-Century German Playwright
Shiraev/Levy Cross-Cultural Psychology 5/e
1
Goals of Cross-Cultural Research
Shiraev/Levy Cross-Cultural Psychology 5/e
Imagine, a researcher wants to find similarities and differences between arranged marriage practiced in India and nonarranged marriages in the United States and how they affect marital stability. What does the psychologist aim to pursue in this particular project?
First, the researcher wants to describe the findings of this research.
Then, when some differences between ethnic groups are found, the researcher tries to explain whether these factors affect stability.
The practical value of the study may be significant if it not only explains but also predicts the factors that should determine successful marital relationships in both studied groups.
2
Love marriages are like hot soup that cool overtime, arranged marriages are like cold soup that warm up.
-Outsourced
“There is never a time or place for true love. It happens accidentally, in a heartbeat, in a single flashing, throbbing moment.”
― Sarah Dessen, The Truth About Forever
Different cultures and even people within these cultures have different perspectives on love and marriage.
3
First, the researcher wants to describe the findings of this research.
Then, when some differences between ethnic groups are found, the researcher tries to explain whether these factors affect stability.
The practical value of the study may be significant if it not only explains but also predicts the factors that should determine successful marital relationships in both studied groups.
Factors that Affect Marital Stability
What we aim to do as cultural psychologists is to describe, explain, and predict behavior.
4
Two strategies in cross-cultural research
Application-Oriented
Strategy
Comparativist
Strategy
Shiraev/Levy Cross-Cultural Psychology 5/e
Application oriented attempts to establish research findings obtained in one country to the culture of another. Comparativist trys to find similarities and differences in sampling of cultures.
5
equivalence. Indicates that the evidence that the methods selected for the study measure the same phenomenon across other cultures chosen for the study.
Method A is used to study anxiety in France and Italy
Method B is used to study anxiety in India and Pakistan
The results will likely to be incompatible due to the equivalency problem
!
Shiraev/Levy Cross-Cultural Psychology 5/e
Consider a study that measures anxiety using a self-report survey in France but a study which uses observation of a population and measures number of anxiety educing instances in an Indian population. While they may attempt to measure the sa.
· Locate six articles on a research topic of your interest—two qua.docxoswald1horne84988
· Locate six articles on a research topic of your interest—two quantitative research articles, two qualitative research articles, and two mixed methods research articles—published in peer-reviewed journals.
· Prepare an annotated bibliography that includes the following:
· A one-paragraph introduction that provides context for why you selected the research articles you did.
· A reference list entry in APA Style for each of the six articles that follows proper formatting. Follow each reference list entry with a three-paragraph annotation that includes:
· A summary
· An analysis
· An application as illustrated in this example
· A one-paragraph conclusion that presents a synthesis of the six articles.
· Format your annotated bibliography in Times New Roman, 12-point font, double-spaced. A separate References list page is not needed for this assignment.
Running Head: Literature Review
1
Literature Review
2
4-2 Final Project One: Literature Review
Kevin Menard
Southern New Hampshire University
4-2 Final Project One: Literature Review
I. Describe the community need in your local community or a community of your choice, and explain why you chose this issue.
The need or issue that we are going to address in this assignment is the foster care system in the United States. We say that the future of a great nation lies in the hands of our children because they are the individuals who will lead our future generations. The welfare of children in a country is therefore very important. There are so many children in the United States that need to be adopted, and there are about 800,000 children every year that go through the foster care system in the country. The main intention of the foster care system in the United States is to ensure that children are provided with a safe and comfortable environment to grow up. However, over the years this system has failed repeatedly in delivering this objective. This is because there are so many children put in foster care who undergo harsh living conditions due to abuse, neglect, and lack of stability as they are switched from one home to another. Statistics show that more than 60,000 children in foster care go through neglect and abuse every year (Mitchell, 2016). For children welfare to be improved, we need to address this issue, and this is the reason why I picked this issue.
II. Assess the primary and secondary sources for their credibility, justifying how the sources are or are not credible. How do you know the sources are credible? How do you know the sources are not credible?
The research on this issue will be based both on primary and secondary sources. The primary sources to be used in this research are foster parents, children, and the institutions that place children into foster homes. The secondary sources to be used will include the National Institute of Health research on the topic and Children Bureau research.
One can know if a source is credible or not depending on whether or .
1 Research Essay Assignment Your research paper i.docxhoney725342
1
Research Essay Assignment
Your research paper is the “capstone” project for this course and, as such, counts as
25% of your course grade for ENG 101. This project will be based upon one of the
readings from Unit 3 and supplemented by useful, relevant information located
through research. Continue to build on the skills and strengths you’ve been
developing in your first two essays and, as always, draw upon your work in our
discussions of these texts.
Essay Format Requirements:
The essay must be at least 1,000 words in length. (NOTE: The Works Cited page
does not count in this total.)
The essay must follow MLA format for citing research sources, both in the essay
paragraphs and on a Works Cited page.
Number the pages.
No need for a separate cover sheet.
Make sure that you do not use first person (I, me, my, myself, etc.) or second
person (you, your, yourself, etc.) references in the essay.
Research Requirements:
You must quote or paraphrase from at least three (3) research sources but
researching more sources is preferable to having only three sources that you
have researched.
Important: The readings selections in the course text (World Views) and video
resources in the course Content cannot count as research sources for the essay.
You can certainly use these resources in the essay, but you will need to find at
least three (3) research sources outside of these resources.
The library’s online databases are very good resources for finding research
articles. You are responsible for ensuring that your sources are authoritative
enough to be credible. Keep in mind that general web sites often are not nearly
as credible as published articles that you can find in the college’s research
databases. Web sites like “Ask.com” or other such general information sites are
not effective research sources for a formal essay. When in doubt, move on to
another source or – if you really need the information – ask me for guidance.
2
Do not use or cite the following sources: Wikipedia, student work posted on
websites, “homework”-type websites, or social media sites.
Plagiarism has been a problem with this assignment. If you do not understand
what plagiarism is, please ask, because intentional plagiarism will result in a
failing grade.
Possible Topics:
Choose one of the following topics for your Research Essay subject.
"Footbinding":
TOPIC: Think of contemporary examples of ways in which some people
permanently modify their bodies (surgically or otherwise) in order to appear
more attractive to others. Investigate one or two such examples, then compare
those practices or surgeries to footbinding. How are they similar to it? Different
from it? Are we as different from the old Chinese footbinding culture as we might
like to believe? What do all of these practices reveal about the impacts of social
standards of beauty on people’s perceptions and be ...
This essay is the first in a series of three essays that will deal.docxchristalgrieg
This essay is the first in a series of three essays that will deal with a single issue or event in the world today. In this essay, you will be explaining the facts of your event or issue, not presenting the various perspectives or your own personal view on your issue. This is the place where you present a view of the data the upcoming perspectives are based on.
You may choose to approach this assignment in one of several ways, depending on your issue. You may choose to present a timeline of events leading up to present day. You may choose to present the basic concepts on which your issue rests. You may choose to combine these approaches. However you approach this assignment, you need to remember to retain an empirical stance while striving to present your data in a unique, interesting way.
Some tips to completing this assignment successfully:
· Try to find a unique angle or presentation for you issue in order to engage the reader.
· Focus on one aspect of your broad issue--you're going for depth, not breadth of coverage
· Remember to stick to an empirical stance. You will have the chance to present the different sides of your issue, as well as your own position, at a later date.
This essay must be at least 4 pages long, set in Times New Roman font with 1-inch margins. Your text must be double-spaced and you must use MLA format. Also, remember to cite all information that you cull from outside sources.
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW 1
LITERATURE REVIEW 2
Literature Review: Childhood Obesity
Student’s name
Institution
Date
Literature Review: Childhood Obesity
The prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has increased at such a rapid rate that this has been considered a serious healthcare issue. This issue has attracted the attention of policy makers, government agencies, and the community. Due to the extent of the problem, a large number of researchers have investigated a number of factors relating to childhood obesity. One of the factors that have been investigated is the impact of changing the attitudes of the patients towards obesity and lifestyle factors that cause a risk factor. In this study, the main factor being investigated is the impact of education on exercise and diet on patients who have a BMI of more than 30. The following is a summary of a review of the literature used to determine the impact of educating patients on exercise and diet changes.
Comparison of Research Questions
Most of the literature analyzed for this study focuses on the intervention strategies for childhood obesity. Cheung et al. seeks to understand the extent of the childhood obesity in America. The research asks about the incidence of childhood obesity in America in a bid to demonstrate the extent of the problem.
Ickes et al. (2014) research question compares the intervention strategies used in the American schools and international ones. The main aim of this study is to determine the gaps in the intervention used in American school ...
All assignments are due 3119 by midnight. Top of FormBottom .docxsimonlbentley59018
All assignments are due 3/1/19 by midnight. Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Assignment 2: Case Study
As discussed, family members and significant others of addicts are also affected by the addiction. In this module, you will get an opportunity to gather information from an addict's family members or significant others, for example, a spouse, partner, children, or parents. For this assignment, you will develop a brief case study and, using the information you have learned through this course, identify recommendations for the continued success of the family member or significant other.
Your interviewees may be people you know or people you met at the support group meeting. After the interview, write a three-page paper discussing the following:
· Demographics of the interviewees (no real names)
· History of the interaction
· Their feelings about living with an addict
· What they have done to encourage a positive change in the addict
· How they cope with the day-to-day challenges of living with an addict
· Your recommendations for their continued success
Create your reflection paper in Microsoft Word document format. Name your file M7_A2_LastName_Casestudy.doc, and submit it to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.
All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Discussed the demographics of the interviewees.
4
Discussed the history of the interaction.
4
Discussed the feelings of the interviewees about living with an addict.
8
Discussed what the interviewees have done to encourage a positive change in the addict.
8
Discussed how the interviewees cope with the day-to-day challenges of living with an addict.
8
Proposed recommendations for continued success.
8
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources, displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
4
Total:
44
· M7 Assignment 3 Discussion
Discussion Topic
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Assignment 3: Discussion Questions
Your facilitator will guide you in the selection of two of the three discussion questions. Submit your responses to these questions to the appropriate Discussion Area by the due date assigned. Through the end of the module, comment on the responses of others.
All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.
You will be attempting two discussion questions in this module; each worth 28 points. The total number of points that can be earned for this assignment is 56.
Codependency
The term “codependency” arose in the 1970s in reference to the changes one person makes to adjust to the addiction of another. For some, the term has broadened somewhat to include focusing on the needs of others to the exclusion of their own needs. However, controversy surrounds the term—some believe that codependency is nonexistent.
Do you think codependency exists in the family members .
SOCW 6311 wk 8 peer responses Respond to at least two collea.docxsamuel699872
SOCW 6311 wk 8 peer responses
Respond to at least two colleagues by doing all of the following:
Name first and references after every person
Indicate strengths of their needs assessment plan that will enable the needs assessments to yield support for the program that they want to develop.
Offer suggestions to improve the needs assessment plan in areas such as:
Defining the extent and scope of the need
Obtaining important information about the target population
Identifying issues that might affect the target population’s ability to access the program or services
Instructor wants lay out like this:
Respond to at least two colleagues ( 2 peers posts are provided) by doing all of the following:
Identify strengths of your colleagues’ analyses and areas in which the analyses could be improved.
Your response
Address his or her evaluation of the efficacy and applicability of the evidence-based practice,
Your response
[Evaluate] his or her identification of factors that could support or hinder the implementation of the evidence-based practice,
Your response
And [evaluate] his or her solution for mitigating those factors.
Your response
Offer additional insight to your colleagues by either identifying additional factors that may support or limit implementation of the evidence-based practice or an alternative solution for mitigating one of the limitations that your colleagues identified.
Your response
References
Your response
Peer 1: McKenna Bull
RE: Discussion - Week 8
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
Needs assessments are a form of research conducted to gather information about the needs of a population or a group in a community (Tutty & Rothery, 2010, p. 149). One purpose of a needs assessment is to explore in more depth whether a new program within an organization or agency is needed (Dudley, 2014, p. 117). Key questions of this type of needs assessment may revolve around: (1) whether there are enough prospective clients to warrant this type of program, (2) the different activities or programs that the respondents would be interested in using, priorities for some activities over others, (3) importance of the activities, and (4) times in which this program would be desired and used (Dudley, 2014, p. 117). Potential barriers for the implementation of a new program should also be assessed to ensure the best possible outcome. Some barriers to services could include factors such as: location, costs, potential need for fees, and possible psychological issues related to such things. The following is an assessment of an intensive outpatient program for youth, and a potential need that is currently being unmet.
Post a needs assessment plan for a potential program of your choice that meets a currently unmet need. Describe the unmet need and how current information supports your position that a needs assessment is warranted.
The intensive outpatient program (IOP) at Provo Canyon Behavioral H.
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What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Socw 6310 week 7 SOCW 6301 Social Work Practice Research.docx
1. Socw 6310 week 7 | SOCW 6301 – Social Work Practice Research I |
Walden University
SamplingIt is impossible to study the entirety of any particular population. However,
researchers can collect data for their studies from a sample of a particular population. There
are two methods of sampling available for researchers: probability sampling and
nonprobability sampling. This week, you examine the terminology used for the sampling
aspect of research as well as best practices for its implementation. Then you critique a
research study’s use of sampling in order to further understand the relationship between
sampling, causality, and generalizability.Learning ObjectivesStudents will:Create two
sampling structuresEvaluate strengths and limitations of two sampling methodsAnalyze
samples in a case studyAnalyze generalizability in a case studyEvaluate method and
methodology used in a research studyPhoto Credit: [Hero Images]/[Hero Images]/Getty
ImagesLearning ResourcesNote: To access this week’s required library resources, please
click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your
Syllabus.Required ReadingsYegidis, B. L., Weinbach, R. W., & Myers, L. L. (2018). Research
methods for social workers (8th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson.Chapter 9, “Sampling Issues
and Options” (pp. 202-222)Optional ResourcesPlummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen S. M.
(Eds.). (2014).Social work case studies: Foundation year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate
International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader].Social Work Research:
Program EvaluationDiscussion 1: Sampling StructuresProbability and nonprobability are
the two general categories of sampling. Probability sampling uses random selection,
whereas nonprobability sampling does not. For example, if you wanted to study the effects
of divorce on the psychological development of adolescents, you could gather a population
of a certain number of adolescents whose parents were divorced. Then, out of that
population, you could randomly select 25 of those people. If you wanted to use
nonprobability sampling, you would choose specific people who had met predetermined
criteria. For this Discussion, consider how samples would be chosen for both probability
and nonprobability sampling structures.By Day 3Post your explanation of the
following:Using your research problem and the refined question you developed in Week 4,
develop two sampling structures: probability and nonprobability.Explain who would be
included in each sample and how each sample would be selected.Be specific about the
sampling structures you chose, evaluating both strengths and limitations of each.Please use
the resources to support your answer.By Day 5Respond to a colleague’s post by suggesting
2. an alternative sampling structure for their research question as well as an alternate way of
selecting the sample. Please use the resources to support your answer.Discussion 2:
Generalizing Study ResultsGeneralizability is the extent to which research findings from
your sample population can be applicable to a larger population. There are many best
practices for ensuring generalizability. Two of those are making sure the sample is as much
like the population as possible and making sure that the sample size is large enough to
mitigate the chance of differences within the population. For this Discussion, read the case
study titled “Social Work Research: Program Evaluation” and consider how the particular
study results can be generalizable.By Day 5Post your explanation of who the sample is. Also
explain steps researchers took to ensure generalizability. Be sure to discuss how the study
results could possibly be generalizable. Please use the resources to support your answer.By
Day 7Respond to a colleague’s post by suggesting two alternative ways that the study
results could be generalizable. Please use the resources to support your
answer.Assignment: Research Design and SamplingUsing the empirical research article that
your instructor approved in the Week 5 assignment, ask yourself: “Is this a quantitative
research article or a qualitative research article?” Remember, in quantitative research, the
emphasis is on measuring social phenomenon because it is assumed that everything can be
observed, measured, and quantified. On the other hand, in qualitative research, it is
assumed that social phenomenon cannot be easily reduced and broken down into concepts
that can be measured and quantified. Instead, there may be different meanings to
phenomenon and experiences. Often in qualitative research, researchers use interviews,
focus groups and observations to gather data and then report their findings using words
and quotations.Consider how these different methods affect the sampling design and
recruitment strategy, and ask yourself how the recruitment of research participants will
affect the findings.For this Assignment, submit a 3-4 page paper. Complete the
following:Read your selected empirical research article, and identify whether the study is a
quantitative or qualitative study. Justify the reasons why you believe it is a quantitative or
qualitative study. (Your instructor will indicate to you if you are correct in identifying the
research design. This will point you to whether you will use the “Quantitative Article and
Review Critique” or the “Qualitative Article and Review Critique” guidelines for the final
assignment in week 10.)Using the empirical research article, focus on the sampling method
in the study and begin to evaluate the sampling method by answering the
following:Describe the sampling methods in your own words (paraphrase, do not quote
from the article).Describe the generalizability or the transferability of the research finding
based on the sampling method.Discuss the limitations the article identified with the sample
and how those limitations affect the reliability or credibility.Explain one recommendation
you would make to improve the sampling plan of the study that would address these
limitations in future research. The Effectiveness of LGBT Couple Counseling in Enhancing
the Wellbeing of Gay People in the United States.Introduction In America, gay rights have
come a long way since its legalization in 2015. With gay rights making a bid advance in the
United States, more people of similar gender have come out to eliminate the stereotype that
their relationships are always superficial. Instead, they present their relationships to be
identical to those of the heterosexual people with the ability to remain committed and
3. loving (Gonsiorek, 2014). Again, they are faced with similar challenges which include
household chores, financial conflicts, family, as well as parenting. Despite the Supreme
Court ruling that allowed equality and protection for the LGBT people in the United States,
gay people continue to face discrimination in terms of housing, imprisonment, jobs and
even parenting. According to the new Gallup estimate, American adults identified as either
lesbians, gay, bisexual or transgender totaling to 4.5 % of the entire population. This is
approximately 11 million citizens. With the legalization, the number continues to rise
wherein 2016 they comprised 4.1% and 3.6% in 2012. Despite the legalization and
acceptance of gay people in the United States, they continue to suffer and live under fear of
exploitation and discrimination on issues such as crimes and segregation (Curry, 2017). In
America, 5% of the total hate crime committed is as a result of sexual orientation while 2%
are due to individual gender identity. The society has not yet come to terms with accepting
them as usual and part of the population thus making them quite a vulnerable group. People
identifying as lesbians, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, and asexual considers
social stigma as the primary source of stress and anxiety in their lives. Thus, they tend to
seek therapy from qualified therapists who can help them overcome the challenges
(Blondeel et al., 2018). In that case, the LGBT people tend to be afraid and feel threatened
for the expected reaction from the society especially in matters concerning their
relationships and marriage. The common challenges among gay couples have led to the rise
in the use of LGBT couple counseling before the wedding.Research ObjectivesGeneral
ObjectiveThe general objective of the study will be to establish the effectiveness of LGBT
couples counseling in enhancing the wellbeing of gay people in the United States. Specific
ObjectiveThe specific objectives of the project will entail:1. To establish how self-confidence
from couple counseling enhances the well-being of gay people in the United States.2. To
determine the effects of couple counseling for improving the relationship between gay
couples in the United States.3. To establish how couple counseling promotes acceptance
thus enhancing the wellbeing of gay people in the United States. Research Questions1. How
does self-acceptance gained through couple counseling enhances the wellbeing of gay
people in the United States?2. What are the effects of couple counseling on strengthening
the relationship between gay people in the United States?3. How does LGBT couple
counseling promote acceptance among gay people in the United States?The significance of
the StudyThe study is considered important because it will give insight into the various
challenges that the LGBT people in America face. Again, it will elaborate on the role of the
social workers in ensuring equality and protection of the gay community. Besides, the
findings of the research can be used to establish policies meant to enhance inclusion in
America as well as provide the basis for conducting further studies on the issues affecting
the LGBT people at large. Limitations of the StudyAmong the challenges that are likely to be
faced during the study include limited time and budget for the research. The review will be
extensive thus requiring enough time and money to cater to the entire research process.
Additionally, LGBT people may not be willing to take part in the study as they fear
discrimination and victimization. As a result, it might be difficult to access relevant and
reliable information for the research.Literature ReviewConcept DefinitionLGBTThe term
LGBT is an acronym for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender. It is a word used to
4. describe the people of other sexual orientation and gender identity other than the
heterosexual. A lesbian refers to a woman who is sexually and emotionally attracted to
fellow women. Gay is the male with sexual attraction towards fellow men. However, in some
instances, the word gay is used to refer to lesbians, gay, and bisexuals all together. For
Bisexuals, they are attracted to people of both sexes while transgender refers to people
whose inner identity contradicts with the role associated with the portrayed
gender.Challenges Faced by LGBT PeopleBesides the rapidly growing cultural acceptance of
diverse sexual and romantic orientation together with gender identification, LGBT people
are also faced with oppression, discrimination, and marginalization. Prolonged cases of bias
can result in stigma, depression, and stress cases. Research shows that LGBT people have a
high chance of becoming suicidal and self-harm especially when they experience
discrimination based on their sexual and gender identity (Graham et al., 2011). Besides,
students associated with the grouping are said to have a high rate of experiencing bullying,
social rejection, as well as a sexual assault which can lead to chronic stress among the
victims (Higa et al., 2014). Lytle et al. (2014) argues that in more than 37 states, LGBT
people are discriminated against obtaining health insurance. The prevalence of
discrimination has adverse effects on gay people. Often, they feel pressured to fit in the
conventional ideas of the community of either being a male or a female (Curry, 2017). Based
on their difference from the normal genders, they hide and stay segregated from the rest of
the people to avoid being ridiculed, intimidated, and at times even sexually abused. The
increased pressure can lead to the development of mental instability such as stress and
depression that they need the guidance and advice of the social worker to manage and
overcome. Besides obtaining the support and help in dealing with the toxic and harmful
response from society, gay couples also seek to see counselors to understand their gender
roles and stage disparities.LGBT Couple Counseling Kelley (2015) states that like other
persons, LGBT people seek counseling for help while faced with many of the same
challenges that affect the heterosexual individuals such as anxiety, depression, grief, and
even couple therapy. They seek therapeutic assistance as a way of dealing with the stigma of
mental health issues and the LGBT orientation. In most cases, therapists address multiple
issues that the gay people need to take into consideration especially in the case where they
have chosen to become public. They give them directions and counsel on how to overcome
the current challenges in society as a result of their orientation. The counseling sessions
help to prepare the couple on dealing with the worst that the community can give ranging
from discrimination to being abused and victimized. 1. Self-ConfidenceDuring the
counseling sessions, therapists are in a position to explore the issues of the couple and
address the challenges effectively. This involves acting as the advocates for the marginalized
group and encouraging them on the importance of accepting themselves as they are.
Maintaining awareness increases the knowledge of the LGBT people both on their rights
and privileges as the law in the nation provides them. The counselor often advises them to
step out instead of confining themselves in the closets thus increasing their vulnerability.2.
Excellent RelationshipsEngaging in constant communication and sharing experience
between the gay people opens their minds and increase their interest in understanding one
another. Counseling promotes positivity and enthusiasm where they learn to approach
5. things and situations in life with optimism (Henry, 2013). This is not only for the social
relation but also for the couple relationship where they learn to understand and support
one another throughout the relationship.3. Social Acceptance Often, social workers engage
in creating awareness beyond the LGBT community. According to research, the people
around gay people are the primary source of adverse reactions that result in rejection and
developing suicidal ideas. Therefore, the counselor advises the couple on the best behaviors
to depict to ensure that they attract little rejection from society.GapFrom the review, most
of the studies conducted about the LGBT community are associated with the challenges that
they face despite the legalization and protection under the law. However, a few studies have
been undertaken about establishing the usefulness and effectiveness of the couple therapy
and counseling in dealing with the challenges in the community. Objectively, the research
will be conducted to determine how couple counseling improve the life of LGBT individuals
in the United States. As a result, it will provide the answers to the research questions that
relate to enhancing their confidence, deal with social rejection, as well as promote their
relationship. Variables The study will contain both the independent and dependent
variables. The independent refers to the variable that can stand on its own (couple
counseling) while the dependent needs and id influenced by the independent one
(wellbeing of the LGBT people).Independent Variables (Effective Couple Counseling)
Improved Well-being Social acceptance References Blondeel, K., de Vasconcelos,
S., García-Moreno, C., Stephenson, R., Temmerman, M., & Toskin, I. (2018). World Health
Assembly». Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 96, 29-41L.Curry, C. (2017). “9
Battles the LGBT Community in the US Is Still Fighting, Even in 2017. The Globl Citizen.
Accessed from https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/9-battles-the-lgbt-community-
in-the-us-is-still-fi/Gonsiorek, J. C. (2014). Introduction to the first issue of Psychology of
Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity.Graham, R., Berkowitz, B., Blum, R., Bockting, W.,
Bradford, J., de Vries, B., & Makadon, H. (2011). The health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and
transgender people: Building a foundation for better understanding. Washington, DC:
Institute of Medicine.Henry, M. M. (2013). Coming out: Implications for self-esteem and
depression in gay and lesbian individuals (Doctoral dissertation, Humboldt State
University).Higa, D., Hoppe, M. J., Lindhorst, T., Mincer, S., Beadnell, B., Morrison, D. M. … &
Mountz, S. (2014). Negative and positive factors associated with the well-being of lesbian,
gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth. Youth & Society, 46(5),
663-687.Kelley, F. A. (2015). The therapy relationship with lesbian and gay clients.
Psychotherapy, 52(1), 113.Lee, C., Oliffe, J. L., Kelly, M. T., & Ferlatte, O. (2017). Depression
and suicidality in gay men: Implications for health care providers. American journal of
men’s health, 11(4), 910-919.Lytle, M. C., Vaughan, M. D., Rodriguez, E. M., & Shmerler, D. L.
(2014). Working with LGBT individuals: Incorporating positive psychology into training and
practice. Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity, 1(4), 335. The research
questionIntroduction to Research ProposalNameInstitution AffiliationThe Effectiveness of
LGBT Couple Counseling in Enhancing the Wellbeing Gay People in the United
States.Introduction In America, the gay right has come a long way till its legalization in
2015. With gay rights making a bid advance in the United States, more people of similar
gender have come out to eliminate the stereotype that their relationships are always
6. superficial and belief. Instead, they present their relationships to be identical to those of the
heterosexual people with the ability to remain committed and loving (Gonsiorek, 2014).
Again, they are faced with similar challenges which include household chores, financial
conflicts, family, as well as parenting. Despite the Supreme Court ruling that allowed
equality and protection for the LGBT people in the United States, gay people continue to
face discrimination in terms of housing, imprisonment, jobs and even parenting. According
to the new Gallup estimate, American adults identified as either lesbians, gay, bisexual or
transgender total to 4.5 % of the entire population. This is approximately 11 million
citizens. With the legalization, the number continues to rise wherein 2016 they comprised
4.1% and 3.6% in 2012. Despite the legalization and acceptance of gay people in the United
States, they continue to suffer and live under fear of exploitation and discrimination on
issues such as crimes and segregation (Curry, 2017). In America, 5% of the total hate crime
committed is as a result of sexual orientation while 2% are due to individual gender
identity. The society has not yet come to terms with accepting them as usual and part of the
population thus making them quite a vulnerable group. People identifying as lesbians, gay,
bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, and asexual considers social stigma as the
primary source of stress and anxiety in their lives. Thus, they tend to seek therapy from
qualified therapists who can help them overcome the challenges (Blondeel et al., 2018). In
that case, the LGBT people tend to be afraid and feel threatened for the expected reaction
from the society especially in matters concerning their relationships and marriage. The
common challenges among gay couples have led to the rise in the use of LGBT couple
counseling before the wedding.Research ObjectivesGeneral ObjectiveThe general objective
of the study will be to establish the effectiveness of LGBT couples counseling in enhancing
the wellbeing of gay people in the United States. Specific ObjectiveThe specific objectives of
the project will entail:1. To establish how self-confidence from couple counseling enhances
the well-being of gay people in the United States.2. To determine the effects of couple
counseling for improving the relationship between gay couples in the United States.3. To
establish how couple counseling promotes acceptance thus enhancing the wellbeing of gay
people in the United States. Research Questions1. How does self-acceptance gained through
couple counseling enhances the wellbeing of gay people in the United States?2. What are the
effects of couple counseling on strengthening the relationship between gay people in the
United States?3. How does LGBT couple counseling promote acceptance among gay people
in the United States?The significance of the StudyThe study is considered important because
it will give insight into the various challenges that the LGBT people in America face. Again, it
will elaborate on the role of the social workers in ensuring equality and protection of the
gay community. Besides, the findings of the research can be used to establish policies meant
to enhance inclusion in America as well as provide the basis for conducting further studies
on the issues affecting the LGBT people at large. Limitations of the StudyAmong the
challenges that are likely to be faced during the study include limited time and budget for
the research. The review will be extensive thus requiring enough time and money to cater
to the entire research process. Additionally, LGBT people may not be willing to take part in
the study as they fear discrimination and victimization. As a result, it might be difficult to
access relevant and reliable information for the research.Literature ReviewConcept
7. DefinitionLGBTThe term LGBT is an acronym for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender. It
is a word used to describe the people of other sexual orientation and gender identity other
than the heterosexual. A lesbian refers to a woman who is sexually and emotionally
attracted to fellow women. Gay is the male with sexual attraction towards fellow men.
However, in some instances, the word gay is used to refer to lesbians, gay, and bisexuals all
together. For the Bisexuals, they are attracted to people of both sexes while transgender
refers to people whose inner identity contradicts with the role associated with the
portrayed gender.Challenges Faced by LGBT PeopleBesides the rapidly growing cultural
acceptance of diverse sexual and romantic orientation together with gender identification,
LGBT people are also faced with oppression, discrimination, and marginalization. Prolonged
cases of bias can result in stigma, depression, and stress cases. Research shows that LGBT
people have a high chances of becoming suicidal and self-harm especially when they
experience discrimination based on their sexual and gender identity (Graham et al., 2011).
Besides, students associated with the grouping are said to have a high rate of experiencing
bullying, social rejection, as well as a sexual assault which can lead to chronic stress among
the victims (Higa et al., 2014). Lytle et al. (2014) argues that in more than 37 states, LGBT
people are discriminated against obtaining health insurance. The prevalence of
discrimination has adverse effects on gay people. Often, they feel pressured to fit in the
conventional ideas of the community of either being a male or a female (Curry, 2017). Based
on their difference from the normal genders, they hide and stay segregated from the rest of
the people to avoid being ridiculed, intimidated, and at times even sexually abused. The
increased pressure can lead to the development of mental instability such as stress and
depression that they need the guidance and advice of the social worker to manage and
overcome. Besides obtaining the support and help in dealing with the toxic and harmful
response from society, gay couples also seek to see counselors to understand their gender
roles and stage disparities.LGBT Couple Counseling Kelley (2015) states that like other
persons, LGBT people seek counseling for help while faced with many of the same
challenges that affect the heterosexual individuals such as anxiety, depression, grief, and
even couple therapy. They seek therapeutic assistance as a way of dealing with the stigma of
mental health issues and the LGBT orientation. In most cases, therapists address multiple
issues that the gay people need to take into consideration especially in the case where they
have chosen to become public. They give them directions and counsel on how to overcome
the current challenges in society as a result of their orientation. The counseling sessions
help to prepare the couple on dealing with the worst that the community can give ranging
from discrimination to being abused and victimized. 1. Self-ConfidenceDuring the
counseling sessions, therapists are in a position to explore the issues of the couple and
address the challenges effectively. This involves acting as the advocates for the marginalized
group and encouraging them on the importance of accepting themselves as they are.
Maintaining awareness increases the knowledge of the LGBT people both on their rights
and privileges as the law in the nation provides them. The counselor often advises them to
step out instead of confining themselves in the closets thus increasing their vulnerability.2.
Excellent RelationshipsEngaging in constant communication and sharing experience
between the gay people opens up their minds and increase their interest in understanding
8. one another. Counseling promotes positivity and enthusiasm where they learn to approach
things and situations in life with optimism (Henry, 2013). This is not only for the social
relation but also for the couple relationship where they learn to understand and support
one another throughout the relationship.3. Social Acceptance Often, social workers engage
in creating awareness beyond the LGBT community. According to research, the people
around gay people are the primary source of adverse reactions that result in rejection and
developing suicidal ideas. Therefore, the counselor advises the couple on the best behaviors
to depict to ensure that they attract little rejection from society.Gap From the review, most
of the studies conducted about the LGBT community are associated with the challenges that
they face despite the legalization and protection under the law. However, a few studies have
been undertaken about establishing the usefulness and effectiveness of the couple therapy
and counseling in dealing with the challenges in the community. Objectively, the research
will be conducted to determine how couple counseling improve the life of LGBT individuals
in the United States. As a result, it will provide the answers to the research questions that
relate to enhancing their confidence, deal with social rejection, as well as promote their
relationship. Variables The study will contain both the independent and dependent
variables. The independent refers to the variable that can stand on its own (couple
counseling) while the dependent needs and id influenced by the independent one
(wellbeing of the LGBT people).Independent Variables (Effective Couple Counseling)
Improved Well-being Social acceptance References Blondeel, K., de Vasconcelos,
S., García-Moreno, C., Stephenson, R., Temmerman, M., & Toskin, I. (2018). World Health
Assembly». Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 96, 29-41L.Curry, C. (2017). “9
Battles the LGBT Community in the US Is Still Fighting, Even in 2017. The Globl Citizen.
Accessed from https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/9-battles-the-lgbt-community-
in-the-us-is-still-fi/Gonsiorek, J. C. (2014). Introduction to the first issue of Psychology of
Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity.Graham, R., Berkowitz, B., Blum, R., Bockting, W.,
Bradford, J., de Vries, B., & Makadon, H. (2011). The health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and
transgender people: Building a foundation for better understanding. Washington, DC:
Institute of Medicine.Henry, M. M. (2013). Coming out: Implications for self-esteem and
depression in gay and lesbian individuals (Doctoral dissertation, Humboldt State
University).Higa, D., Hoppe, M. J., Lindhorst, T., Mincer, S., Beadnell, B., Morrison, D. M. … &
Mountz, S. (2014). Negative and positive factors associated with the well-being of lesbian,
gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth. Youth & Society, 46(5),
663-687.Kelley, F. A. (2015). The therapy relationship with lesbian and gay clients.
Psychotherapy, 52(1), 113.Lee, C., Oliffe, J. L., Kelly, M. T., & Ferlatte, O. (2017). Depression
and suicidality in gay men: Implications for health care providers. American journal of
men’s health, 11(4), 910-919.Lytle, M. C., Vaughan, M. D., Rodriguez, E. M., & Shmerler, D. L.
(2014). Working with LGBT individuals: Incorporating positive psychology into training and
practice. Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity, 1(4), 335.Here is a link to
the article that was approved Evaluating Qualitative Research for Social Work Practitioners
Cynthia A. Lietz Luis E. Zayas Abstract: Diane Sharkey RE: Discussion 1 – Week
7COLLAPSEUsing your research problem and the refined question you developed in Week
4, develop two sampling structures: probability and nonprobability.The question I created
9. in week 4 was: “which treatment strategy is most effective at decreasing PTSD symptoms in
college-aged female sexual assault victims?”For probability, I would use the simple random
sampling and create a sampling frame of 100 cases with participating colleges throughout
the state (Yegidis, Weinbach, and Myers, 2018).My research question lends itself better to a
non probability sampling. I feel a mixture between snowball and convenience sampling
would be best suited for my research question (Yegidis et al., 2018).Explain who would be
included in each sample and how each sample would be selected.100 female, college-aged
sexual assault victims would be included in all of the samples I use.With probability
sampling, the information about the study could be disseminated via fliers that are passed
out on each college campus. I could partner with organizations such as National Alliance on
Mental Illness (NAMI) who can provide volunteers to visit the participating colleges and get
the word out. This distribution of information may have to occur multiple times at colleges
until 100 participants Once the list of 100 participants has been created, I would assign each
person a number and use a computer program to randomly generate 25 numbers that I
would then correlate with the correct names.In reference to non probability convenience
sampling, I could contact colleagues throughout the state who would be willing to speak
with their (eligible) clients and ask if they would be amenable to joining my study (Yegidis
et al., 2018). Additionally, using the snowball sampling I could ask participants as they
contact me to reach out to anyone they know who might be interested in participating
(Yegidis et al., 2018). Once I have enough participants, I would then begin the study.Be
specific about the sampling structures you chose, evaluating both strengths and limitations
of each.Regarding the probability sampling method, a strength is using fliers to help create
the base for the sample. If I was able to obtain a list of potential participants from police
records (which would be unethical and also illegal), it would limit my study to only women
who have reported the crime. However, using the distribution of pamphlets it allows for the
possibility of victims who have not reported their assaults. Alimitation would be the amount
of time it could take to get 100 people willing to participate in the research study as many
college students do not take fliers and if they do many throw them away without reading
them. Additionally, victims may not want to relive their experience or disclose to strangers
therefore making it (potentially) more difficult to obtain the sample frame.Yegidis et al.
(2018) discuss the importance of limiting bias as much as possible in all sampling methods.
However, they place emphasis on the significance of limiting bias especially in quantitative
studies, which mine is (Yegidis et al., 2018). A limitation of using snowball sampling would
be geographic location. Going by word of mouth usually means most of the people will be
located in the same general area, composing similar populations. Furthermore, the
participants could have discussed their experiences with each other (since they know one
another) and this could potentially bias/impact the recollection of their attacks. If I used
convenience sampling from my colleagues, many of the women may have already received
counseling services and may already have opinions regarding what works best. A strength
of both of these non probability sampling methods is the large number of participants I
could find in a short amount of time.ReferenceYegidis, B. L., Weinbach, R. W., & Myers, L.
L. (2018). Research methods for social workers (8th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson. Angelica
Wiggins RE: Discussion 2 – Week 7COLLAPSEPer Yegidis, Weinbach & Myers (2018), “a
10. sample is a subset of cases selected for study from among people or objects within a defined
population. It is chosen to represent the population.” In the study, the sample is low income
families in California that are receiving TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families)
which in California is known as CalWORKS. Recipients have options of immediate job
readiness (Job Club) help, remedial education for recipients lacking basic skills, and
vocational training at local community colleges and adult education centers for those
seeking higher level education and skills (Plummer, Makris & Brocksen, 2014).According
to Plummer, Makris & Brocksen (2014), “generalizability is important in explanatory
research, which attempts to identify relationships between variables within research
samples and provide evidence that the same relationships exist beyond those samples.” In
the study, generalizability was ensured by using large enough sample sizes that provided
diversity and covered all aspects of the populations in California. Single mothers were
represented in the sample and there was a clear relationship present with single mothers
and assistance in childcare services. With this study being so large there will be a wide
range of results at the end of the study.ReferencePlummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S.
M. (2014). Social work case studies: Foundation year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International
Universities Publishing.Yegidis, B. L., Weinbach, R. W., & Myers, L. L. (2018). Research
methods for social workers (8th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson.