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FAMILY STRUCTURES KEY TO GENOGRAMS:  MALE FEMALE TWINS SEPARATED MARRIED DIVORCED DECEASED
NUCLEAR FAMILY Larger family size More common in the later 19 th  century NUCLEAR (conjugal) ‘cereal packet’ type,  parents and unmarried children,  small size is a feature of the 20 th  century
MATRIFOCAL 2 or more generations of women in the same household with their dependent children. Identified among poor black of the Caribbean, black British and southern states of USA. VERTICALLY EXTENDED (consanguine) family 3 generations in one household. More common with increased life expectance and the policy of community care
HORIZONTALLY EXTENDED  By the inclusion of the families of siblings in one household.  Found amongst rural/ agricultural communities RECONSTITUTED (blended) Extended by step relationships,  Common with high rates of divorce and remarriage
or or SINGLE PERSON households, Common among the old (more often female) after the desertion of a partner. Young adults leaving home before marriage Couples with NO DEPENDENT CHILDREN Either before or after family building stage. Growing number of same sex partnership
HOUSE SHARE Same or mixed sex groups sharing accommodation for practical reasons rather than emotional bonds. SINGLE PARENT family Mother or (less commonly) father Often temporary arrangement before entering into a reconstituted family
POLYANDRY More than one husband Often fraternal where brothers share a wife POLYGYNY More than one wife This can confer status and bring economic rewards of children as labour
PROMISCUITY More than one partner, no commitment to a relationship MONOGAMY One spouse for life Serial monogamy: one spouse at any one point in time but two or more over a course of a lifetime

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  • 1. FAMILY STRUCTURES KEY TO GENOGRAMS: MALE FEMALE TWINS SEPARATED MARRIED DIVORCED DECEASED
  • 2. NUCLEAR FAMILY Larger family size More common in the later 19 th century NUCLEAR (conjugal) ‘cereal packet’ type, parents and unmarried children, small size is a feature of the 20 th century
  • 3. MATRIFOCAL 2 or more generations of women in the same household with their dependent children. Identified among poor black of the Caribbean, black British and southern states of USA. VERTICALLY EXTENDED (consanguine) family 3 generations in one household. More common with increased life expectance and the policy of community care
  • 4. HORIZONTALLY EXTENDED By the inclusion of the families of siblings in one household. Found amongst rural/ agricultural communities RECONSTITUTED (blended) Extended by step relationships, Common with high rates of divorce and remarriage
  • 5. or or SINGLE PERSON households, Common among the old (more often female) after the desertion of a partner. Young adults leaving home before marriage Couples with NO DEPENDENT CHILDREN Either before or after family building stage. Growing number of same sex partnership
  • 6. HOUSE SHARE Same or mixed sex groups sharing accommodation for practical reasons rather than emotional bonds. SINGLE PARENT family Mother or (less commonly) father Often temporary arrangement before entering into a reconstituted family
  • 7. POLYANDRY More than one husband Often fraternal where brothers share a wife POLYGYNY More than one wife This can confer status and bring economic rewards of children as labour
  • 8. PROMISCUITY More than one partner, no commitment to a relationship MONOGAMY One spouse for life Serial monogamy: one spouse at any one point in time but two or more over a course of a lifetime