This document is a paper submitted by Zala Krutikaba for their English Language Teaching course. It discusses sociolinguistics, which examines the relationship between language use and society. Sociolinguistics studies how social factors like context, norms, expectations, place, situation, time, and language influence how people communicate. It also focuses on differences in language use between various speech communities defined by social categories like gender, geography, profession, ethnicity, class, and age.