This document discusses concepts around Earth science covered in a 4th grade social sciences unit. It describes imaginary lines like meridians and parallels that are used to measure longitude and latitude. It also outlines Earth's basic layers of the geosphere and atmosphere. The atmosphere is divided into layers including the troposphere, stratosphere, and ionosphere. The document defines weather occurring in the troposphere and lists common weather phenomena as well as tools used to measure aspects of weather like temperature, wind speed, air pressure, and precipitation.

1. Social sciences.
4th grade

2. Unit 1 The Earth. Imaginary
lines.
The vertical imaginary lines from the North Pole to the South Pole are
called meridians. The Greenwich meridian is the 0º one.
The horizontal imaginary lines from around the globe are called
paralells. Parallel 0º is the Equator.
Longitude is measured by meridians and latitude by parallels. We
use degrees to measure.

3. Unit 1 The Earth. Earth´s movements
ROTATION it
takes 24 hours
REVOLUTION it
takes 365 days and
6 hours

4. Unit 1 The Earth. Earth´s layers.

5. The geosphere is divided into layers:
Unit 1 The Earth. Earth´s layers.

6. Unit 2 .Atmosphere, weather and
climate.
The atmosphere is divided into
layers: ATMOSPHERE.
IS THE LAYER OF GASES
AROUND THE EARTH
1.TROPOSPHERE.
IT CONTAINS THE AIR WE
BREATH,WEATHER AND
CLOUDS
3.IONOSPHERE.
The layer which has almost no
gases. There are satellites, and it´s
next to space.
2.STRATOSPHERE.
IT CONTAINS THE OZONE LAYER
IT´S THE NEXT LAYER ABOVE
THE TROPOSPHERE.

7. Unit 2 .Atmosphere, weather and
climate.
The weather occurs in the troposphere. We can see :
Thunderstom
Rain
Rainbow
Precipitation
It can be:
Snow
Hail

8. Unit 2 .Atmosphere, weather and
climate.
Measuring the weather :
Rain gauge
Thermometer
Anemometer
Barometer
Weather vane.
Measures precipitation
Measures the temperature in the
air.
Tells the speed of the wind.
Tells us about air pressure.
Tells us the direction of the wind.

9. The weather forecast in Spain.
In Madrid it´s sunny and the
temperature is 9 degrees.