project-management (1).pdf

1.  Lecture : Mohamud Hassan Gedi
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Course Name : Social Work
Course Duration : 1 year
Qualification : Diploma
1-1
Social Work

2. Chapter one.
Introductions to Social Work.
1. Basic understanding for the concept of social work
2. Aims Objectives of Social Work:
3. Distinguishing Characteristics of Social Work
4. Core values
5. Professional conduct

3. Chapter one.
Basic understanding for the concept of social work
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What is social work?
Social work is a profession concerned with helping
individuals, families, groups and communities to enhance
their individual and collective well-being.
The primary purpose of the social work profession is to
enhance human well-being and help meet the basic human
needs of all people, with particular attention to the needs and
empowerment of people who are vulnerable, oppressed, and
living in poverty.

4. Aims Objectives of Social Work:
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To promote effective human service system
To enhance problem solving, coping development
capacities,
To link people with resources, services opportunities,
To develop improve social policy
Caring, curing changing the society.

5. Distinguishing
Characteristics of Social Work
1. Focus on the Whole Person
Social workers take into account the entire person and
examine the effects of every aspect of that person's life on
the presenting problem
2. The Strengths Perspectives
Social workers help clients discover and build on their
strengths to help them become more proactive and

6. Distinguishing
Characteristics of Social Work
3. Social Justice and Human Rights
This means that social workers respect their clients'
right to choose the correct course of action.
4. Respect for Multiculturalism
Social workers avoid discrimination and demonstrate
respect for all people.

7. Core values
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The National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics
(1999) describes the professional values that guide social
work practice:
Service: helping people and solving social problems
Social justice: challenging injustices
Dignity and worth of the person: respecting inherent
dignity
Importance of human relationships: recognizing the
importance of belongingness
Integrity: being trustworthy
Competence: practicing competently

8. Professional conduct
1. Social workers are expected to develop and maintain
the required skills and competence/ability to do their job.
2. Social workers should not allow their skills to be used
for inhumane purposes, such as torture.
3. Social workers should act with integrity. This includes
not abusing the relationship of trust with the people using
their services.
4. Social workers should act in relation to the people
using their services with compassion/mercy, empathy
and care.

9. Professional conduct
5. Social workers should not subordinate the needs or interests
of people who use their services to their own needs or
interests.
6. Social workers have a duty to take necessary steps to care
for themselves professionally and personally in the workplace
and in society, in order to ensure that they are able to provide
appropriate services.
7. Social workers should maintain confidentiality regarding
information about people who use their services.
8. Social workers need to acknowledge that they are
accountable for their actions to the users of their services.

10. Professional conduct cont
9. Social workers should be willing to collaborate with the
schools of social work in order to support social work
students to get practical training.
10. Social workers should foster and engage in ethical
debate with their colleagues.
11. Social workers should be prepared to state the reasons
for their decisions based on ethical considerations, and be
accountable for their choices and actions.
12. Social workers should work to create conditions in
employing agencies and in their countries where the
principles of this statement and those of their own national
code (if applicable) are discussed, evaluated and upheld.

11. Chapter 2.
The History and Evolution of Social Work Profession
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Social welfare is defined as “the various social services
provided by a state or private organizations for the benefit
of the society”. For example Schools, hospitals, roads
among other social services purposely for improving the
lives of people.
The terms social work and social welfare came into
common use early in the first half of the 20th century,
describing an emerging occupation and social institution in
Europe and the United States.
Social work is largely a product of the industrial revolution
that created the welfare state and industrial society.

12. Social consequences
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1. Urbanization(Rural Urban Migration)
Refers to the population shift from rural to urban
residency.
2. Labor Exploitation : the Abuse of people in the
workplace for profit.
The impact is devastating for victims; psychologically,
physically, emotionally and financially.
For example being forced to work long hours without
break.

13. Social consequences
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is the act of treating one's workers unfairly for one's
own benefit.
For example, Women made up 50% of labor in textile
factories before 1870, worked unskilled jobs and paid
half of what men received.
Child labor
3. Change in family structure
family structure is the way in which a family is
organized according to roles, rules, power, and
hierarchies.

14. Reforms addressed by social workers
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Boards of health and sanitation
New sewage and water treatment
Police and fire departments
Employment
The three decades between 1950 and 1980 were
significant for the development of the profession of
social work and for the development of social welfare
programs throughout the world.

15. Chapter 3.Social work throughout the world
The global demand for social work
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Morales and Sheafor (2001) argue that the industrial revolution
created the need for the professional approach to helping
represented by social work.
They suggested that as countries have become increasingly
industrialized, traditional ways of meeting human needs have
been supplemented by special programs and personnel.
The presence of worldwide economy makes countries
increasingly interdependent.
The ability of the media to immediately transmit information
created an unprecedented (never done)awareness of events as
they occur in even remote areas of the globe.

16. The global demand for social work cont
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1. World population change : According to united nations,
the total population of the world grew from 5.7 billion in
1995 to 6.3 billion in 2003, and its expected to become 7.2
billion by 2015(united nations 2003).Almost all of the
increase occurred in developing countries, which is where
most of the projected increases are expected to occur.
Demographic trends(change) indicate that the level of
fertility is declining, as is the rate of infant mortality.
2. Technological change :Evidence suggests that media
portrayals exert an influence on levels of violence, sexual
behavior, and interest in video game violence increases
aggressive behavior(Dill Dill,1998).

17. GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF SOCIAL ISSUES
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3. Population Ageing: The number of older persons is increasing
at a faster rate than any other age group in global population,.
4.Urbanization and migration
The urban share of the worlds population has grown from 30
percent in 1950.
Urban authorities are challenged to provide adequate
infrastructure and basic social services to cope with the
development and environmental implications of growing
numbers of people.
Social workers want to make the world a better place for all
people and particularly for those who are most vulnerable to
experiencing social problems.

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Social workers and social work organizations are
concerned with such worldwide issues such as;
preserving peace,
distributing human and economic resources more
equitably,
protecting the rights and preventing the exploitation of
children, enhancing women’s status and safety,
minimizing substance abuse,
promoting health and mental health, and protecting
the elderly.
GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF SOCIAL ISSUES

19. Chapter 4.
Pressing social problems found throughout the world
today.
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What is a social problem?
A social problem is any condition or behavior that has negative
consequences for large numbers of people and that is
generally recognized as a condition or behavior that needs to
be addressed.
This definition has both an objective component and a
subjective component.
The objective component involves empirical evidence of the
negative consequences of a social condition or behavior,
while the subjective component involves the perception that

20. cont
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1. Poverty
Despite unprecedented progress reducing poverty in the last
50years,about 1.3 billion people in the world still live in poverty.
Violent conflicts between nations and groups, state and group
opposition, rape as a weapon of war, the movement of large
numbers of people displaced from their homes, and gang warfare
occur on a daily basis in many parts of the world.
2. Poor Health
Poor people not only suffer from economic hardships, but many
also suffer from malnutrition, illiteracy, poor health, premature
death, and hopelessness Due to inequality and discrimination,
women suffer the most.

21. cont
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Ageing: The elderly are a diverse group that experiences
varying degrees of dependency on external support.
The situation of many older persons living in less
developed countries is one of extreme poverty and
exclusion.
They often lack access to adequate and affordable
health care and other basic requirements, especially in
rural areas, and some are also confronted with financial,
emotional, and physical abuse (Leete, 2002). many older
people, and particularly older women, are faced with
isolation, abandonment, and loneliness.

22. The Natural History of a Social Problem
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Stage 1: Emergence and Claims making (claim making process)
A social problem emerges when a social entity (such as a social change
group, the news media, or influential politicians) begins to call attention to
a condition or behavior that it perceives to be undesirable and in need of
remedy.
Stage 2: Legitimacy : it usually tries to persuade the government (local,
state, and/or federal) to take some action spending and policy making to
address the problem.
Stage 3: Renewed Claims Making
Even if government action does occur, social change groups often conclude
that the action is too limited in goals or scope to be able to successfully
address the social problem.
Stage 4: Development of Alternative Strategies
Despite the renewed claims making, social change groups often conclude
that the government and established interests are not responding
adequately to their claims.

23. chapter 5.
INTERNATIONAAL SOCIAL WORK ORGANIZATIONS
1.
Several international organizations provide the basic leadership for
the globalization of social work.
International Federation of Social Workers (FSW, 1956)
The IFSW is a successor to the International Permanent Secretariat
of Social Workers, which was founded in Paris in 1928 and was
active until the outbreak of World War II.
In 1950, at the time of the International Conference of Social Work in
Paris, it was decided to create an international organization of
professional social workers, and the concept for the International
Federation of Social Workers was born. I FSW focuses on the
development of social work, Its primary purpose is the
promotion of human rights and social justice.

24. continue
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2. International Association of Schools of Social Work
The IASSW is an international association of institutions of social
work education, organizations supporting social work education,
and social work educators.
Its mission is:
To develop and promote excellence in social work education,
research, and scholarship globally in order to enhance human
well being;
To create and maintain a dynamic community of social work
educators and their programs,
To support and facilitate participation in mutual exchanges of
information and expertise,

25. cont
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3. Inter-University Consortium for International Social
Development (970s)
Started in the 1970s by a group of social work educators to
respond to pressing human concerns from a global,
interdisciplinary perspective,
According to IUCISD, members of the organization use a social
development approach to:
To promote world peace and social justice;
To fight economic and political oppression;
To improve access to adequate health care and education;
To create sustainable income and economic structures

26. cont
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4. International Council on Social Welfare (1928)
The ICSW, founded in Paris in 1928, is a nongovernmental
organization that represents national and local
organizations in more than 50 countries throughout the
world.
Member organizations collectively represent tens of
thousands of community organizations that work directly
at the grass roots with people in poverty, hardship, or
distress.
ICSW’s activities are funded by membership fees as well
as grants from private foundations and from governmental
or intergovernmental sources.

27. chapter 6.
The professionalization of social work
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Johnson (1972) Identified professions as occupations
that have achieved control over various aspects of their
operations.
Since its beginnings in the last third of the 19th century
(Midgley, 1981), social work has become a global
profession practiced in over 144 countries (IASSW, 2002).
Its spread and development have been accompanied
by a drive to attain professional status.).

28. Features of social work profession
1 .Public recognition :Refers to the existence of laws and
licensing procedures establishing entrance criteria, barring
those who do not meet those criteria from working in or
assuming the title of the profession.
2. Monopoly over types of work : A monopoly over a type of
work gives an occupation the exclusive right to perform
specified tasks and functions.
3. Professional autonomy : This is the right of workers to
make work-related decisions on the basis of their
professional knowledge and values.

29. CONT..
4. Knowledge base : A unique social work knowledge base has been
and is being developed, although to a different extent in different
countries.
This knowledge base covers four main areas:
(a) knowledge about social problems, especially those related to
poverty and child abuse and neglect;
(b) knowledge about vulnerable populations, such as the elderly,
members of minority ethnic groups and persons with disabilities.
(c) expertise in intervention strategies on the levels of the individual,
family, group, community and countries.
(d) research into the interaction between individual personal factors
and the social, economic, political and cultural factors that underlie
social problems.

30. CONT..
5. Professional education : Social work has created a
distinctive educational system.
6. Social work organizations : Social work has established a
range of national and local professional organizations.
7. Ethical standards : Independent ethical codes have been
developed to reflect the values and priorities of social work
in each country and have been subject to ongoing revision.

31. Chapter 8.
Principles of social work
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1 . Human Rights and Human Dignity
Social work is based on respect for the inherent worth and
dignity of all people, and the rights that follow from this.
Social workers should uphold and defend each person’s physical,
psychological/emotional and spiritual integrity and well-being.
This means:
1. Respecting the right to self-determination - Social workers should
respect and promote people’s right to make their own choices and
decisions, provided this does not threaten the rights and legitimate
interests of others.

32. Principles of social work Cont..
2. Promoting the right to participation - Social workers
should promote the full involvement and participation of
people using their services in ways that enable them to be
empowered in all aspects of decisions and actions
affecting their lives.
3. Treating each person as a whole - Social workers should
be concerned with the whole person, within the family,
community, societal and natural environments, and should
seek to recognize all aspects of a person’s life.
4. Identifying and developing strengths – Social workers
should focus on the strengths of all individuals, groups and
communities and thus promote their empowerment.

33. Principles of social work
2. Social Justice :Social workers have a responsibility to
promote social justice, that means:
1.Challenging negative discrimination - Social workers have a
responsibility to challenge negative discrimination on societies.
2. Recognizing diversity – Social workers should recognize and
respect the ethnic and cultural diversity of the societies.
3. Distributing resources equitably –
4. Challenging unjust policies and practices
5. Solidarity - Social workers have an obligation to challenge social
conditions that contribute to social exclusion, stigmatization or
subjugation, and to work towards an inclusive society.

34. END
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