The social security system in Spain is its principal system of social protection. The concept of social security first appeared in Spain in 1883 and was expanded during the 20th century, with the right to social security enshrined in the 1978 Spanish Constitution. The Spanish social security system provides protection for healthcare, benefits for temporary incapacity, maternity, death, invalidity, retirement, unemployment, and other social services for both contributory and non-contributory categories including employees, self-employed, students, and civil servants.

3. ▪ The social security system in Spain is its principal system of
social protection.
▪ The concept of social security first appeared in Spain in 1883
under the Committee for Social Reform, it was expanded several
times during the twentieth century and finally the right to social
security was enshrined in the Spanish Constitution of 1978 under
Article 41 which states "that the public authorities shall maintain
a public social security system for all citizens, guaranteeing
sufficient support and social benefits in situations of need,
especially in the event of unemployment, and that the support
and additional benefits shall be free".

4. ▪ The Spanish social security system is structured as follows:
▪ 1. General regulations, as most widely applied plus supplemental
(stop-gap) others;
▪ 2. Special regulations that assess professional occupations by their
nature, particular conditions of time and place or the nature of
production processes:
▪ 1. Agriculture,
▪ 2. Self-employed,
▪ 3. Domestic employees,
▪ 4. Coal miners
▪ 5. Port and sea workers
▪ 6. Civil Servants (Muface)

5. ▪ The purpose of social security is to guarantee to those people who fall within the scope
of the act, (those who carry out an occupational activity, or that meet the requirements
of the non-contributory category, such as family members or dependants for whom they
have responsibility), adequate protection against those contingencies and situations
contemplated by the law.
▪ The scope of the act for the contributory category, includes those Spanish nationals who
reside in Spain, and non-Spanish citizens who are residing or are staying legally in Spain,
provided that in both cases they are carrying out their activities on Spanish national
territory, and covers:
▪ Employees
▪ Self-employed or sole proprietor businesses
▪ Members of Associated Work Co-operatives
▪ Students
▪ Civil Servants

6. ▪ Protection provided by social security will include (cover):
1. Healthcare (primary or hospitalisation) in the case of maternity,common, occupational illness
or accidents, whether or not occupational;
2. Professional care for said illnesses or accidents;
3. Benefits for the following:
▪ Temporary incapacity
▪ Maternity
▪ Death and survival
▪ And for both contributory and non-contributory schemes:
▪ Invalidity
▪ Retirement
▪ Unemployment
4. Employment retraining, rehabilitation of invalids and assistance for senior citizens;
5. Also, in addition to the above, other social service benefits.
▪ In practise the non contributory category is understood to cover Spanish nationals
resident in Spain.

8. ▪ Managers can motivate staff by paying a fair wage. Payment methods include:
▪ Time rate: staff are paid for the number of hours worked.
▪ Overtime: staff are paid extra for working beyond normal hours.
▪ Piece rate: staff are paid for the number of items produced.
▪ Commission: staff are paid for the number of items they sell.
▪ Performance related pay: staff get a bonus for meeting a target set by their manager.
▪ Profit sharing: staff receive a part of any profits made by the business.
▪ Salary: staff are paid monthly no matter how many hours they work.
▪ Fringe benefits: are payments in kind, eg a company car or staff discounts.

9. ▪ Managers can motivate staff using factors other than pay through:
▪ Job rotation: staff are switched between different tasks to reduce monotony.
▪ Job enlargement: staff are given more tasks to do of similar difficulty.
▪ Job enrichment: staff are given more interesting and challenging tasks.
▪ Empowerment: staff are given the authority to make decisions about how they do their
job.
▪ Putting groups of workers in a team who are responsible together for completing a
certain task.

11. ▪ Staff are protected against age, sex, race or disability discrimination
▪ To prevent exploitation, the government has passed a number of laws that safeguard
staff:
▪ Workers are guaranteed a minimum hourly wage rate.
▪ Race, sex, age or disability discrimination is illegal. Businesses must be careful to treat
all workers fairly. They must offer equal pay and promotion opportunities for women and
ethnic minorities.
▪ The EU Working Time Directive sets a limit on the number of hours staff can work in a
week.
▪ Parents are entitled to paid leave from work soon after their children are born. The
firms must keep their post open for when they return from maternity or paternity leave.