This document discusses social mobility and its types. Social mobility refers to movement between social classes. There are several types of social mobility: horizontal involves a change in occupation but not social level; vertical involves a change in social level either upward or downward; intergenerational occurs between generations; intra-generational is within a generation; and territorial involves a change in residence. Examples of each type are provided.

1. SOCIAL MOBILITY
AND TYPES
Presented by :
Dr. Komal Sharma
Asst. Professor , PGGCG – 11, Chandigarh

2. DEFINITION OF SOCIAL MOBILITY
The term “social mobility” refers to the
movement of individuals from one social
class to another. Individuals may move up
or down, or remain at the same level but in
a different occupation.
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3. TYPES OF SOCIAL MOBILITY
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Horizontal social mobility
Vertical social mobility
Intergenerational mobility
Intra-generational mobility
Territorial social mobility

4. HORIZONTAL SOCIAL MOBILITY
Denotes straight change from left to right or right to left.
In horizontal mobility to place is changed but the social
position of an individual remains on the same level.
For example; when a lecturer is transferred from one
government college to another with the same grade or pay
scale and as a teacher is horizontal mobility.
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5. VERTICAL SOCIAL MOBILITY
Vertical mobility refers to the change in status of an
individual as moves up or down the social ladder.
For example, the manager of a bank who is promoted to
general manager of the same bank has achieved upward
vertical mobility.
The promotion is accompanied by an increase in income
and overall responsibility.
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6. INTERGENERATIONAL SOCIAL
MOBILITY
Intergenerational mobility refers to social
mobility that takes place between
generations.
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7. INTRA-GENERATIONAL SOCIAL
MOBILITY
Intra-generational mobility refers to a
change or changes in the social status of
an individual or group of individuals
within the same generation.
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8. TERRITORIAL SOCIAL MOBILITY
Territorial social mobility is the change in
locality, territory or residence when an
individual move from one place to another
place is called territorial mobility. The trend of
territorial mobility is common in urban areas as
compare to rural. In urban areas people change
one house and get another on rent, while rural
people are mostly unwilling to migrate to city
and change their residence.
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9. INTERACTIVE SESSION
1. Who has classified social mobility into two ways: ‘’Social
climbing”
and “Social sinking”?
(1) P.M. Blau
(2) S.M. Miller
(3) P.A. Sorokin
(4) S.M. Lipset
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10. INTERACTIVE SESSION
2. X’ is a clerk in an office, his father was a police
inspector and his grandfather was a judge.
What kind of change is this?
(1) Horizontal mobility
(2) Vertical mobility
(3) Vertical downward mobility
(4) Vertical upward mobility
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11. INDICATIVE QUESTIONS BANK
1. To what extent the study of social mobility
plays a vital part in understanding the class
structure?
2. Does vertical mobility brings structural
change even in a closed social system?
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12. Thank You !
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