This document discusses social change in organic and virtual communities. It identifies five universal human desires (social, creative, existential, order, vengeance) and their opposite desires (anti-social, destructive, thanatotic, chaos, forgiveness). It also outlines three criteria (impetus, greenhorn, harmony) for determining if a community enables social change and five guidelines for enabling social change in virtual communities, such as providing tools for creative desires and clear rules for allowed desires.

1. Social Change in organic and
virtual communities
Jonathan Bishop
University of Glamorgan

2. The five universal desires
• Social
• Creative
• Existential
• Order
• Vengeance

3. The five opposite desires
• Anti-social
• Destructive
• Thanatotic
• Chaos
• Forgiveness

4. Criterions for Social Change
• Impetus Criterion
– Does the environment create desires?
• Greenhorn Criterion
– Does the environment welcome novices?
• Harmony Criterion
– Does the environment allow decisions to be
taken easily?

5. Guidelines for virtual communities
1) Make artefacts explicit in their meaning
3) Provide the tools for actors to act out their
creative desires
4) Provide facilities for actors to act out or displace
their less constructive desires
5) Provide clear guidance as to which desires are
allowed to be acted out and which are not
2) Provide spaces for actors to act out their social
desires

6. Conculsion
• The five universal desires identified in 2005 have
opposites
• There are three criterions for determining whether
a community enables social change
• There are five guidelines for enabling social
change in virtual communities

7. Conculsion
• The five universal desires identified in 2005 have
opposites
• There are three criterions for determining whether
a community enables social change
• There are five guidelines for enabling social
change in virtual communities